中考復(fù)習(xí)完形填空

1、龍文教育學(xué)科教學(xué)案 教師:蔣九霞 學(xué)生: 陸彬彬日期: 2013- 星期: 時(shí)段: 課 題中考復(fù)習(xí)完形填空學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)與考點(diǎn)分析 學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn) 難點(diǎn) 學(xué)習(xí)方法由典型例題入手，逐漸深入，邊講邊練；教學(xué)過(guò)程完形填空屬于中等和偏難的題，做題時(shí)要穩(wěn)定情緒，盡力而為1、 注重首尾句2、 克服畏難，急躁情緒，耐心通讀全文3、 切勿看到一個(gè)空格就急著選答案，必須縱觀全文進(jìn)行考慮4、 動(dòng)筆時(shí)先易后難，注意從文中同樣結(jié)構(gòu)或類(lèi)似結(jié)構(gòu)中尋找答案，必要時(shí)大膽的做出猜測(cè)一、完形填空的特點(diǎn)是什么？完形填空是一種旨在考查學(xué)生語(yǔ)法和詞匯知識(shí)綜合運(yùn)用能力的典型題，難易程度與初中教材相當(dāng)，詞數(shù)在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25個(gè)詞左

2、右設(shè)空。學(xué)生通過(guò)推理判斷，綜合分析等將答案填入空白處，使短文前后連貫、意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整合理。二、完形填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？中考完形填空拋棄了傳統(tǒng)的“語(yǔ)法知識(shí)型”命題模式，轉(zhuǎn)變成“情境能力型”的命題趨勢(shì)。它的一個(gè)顯著特點(diǎn)就是突出語(yǔ)篇，即重在文意的干擾，把具體的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)融進(jìn)具體的語(yǔ)言情境中去，考查學(xué)生通過(guò)上下文對(duì)整體文意進(jìn)行把握的能力。（一）從文章結(jié)構(gòu)看1. 首句通常不設(shè)空，以便考生對(duì)短文前提和背景有個(gè)較清楚的了解，從而使考生盡快熟悉語(yǔ)境、推測(cè)文章大意。2. 短文設(shè)空平均密度為25個(gè)單詞一個(gè)空。（二）從語(yǔ)言層次看考點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)把握語(yǔ)段的要求在提高。我們可以把考點(diǎn)分為三個(gè)層次，即句子層次、句群層次和語(yǔ)

3、篇層次1. 句子層次的設(shè)空指那些只需讀懂設(shè)空所在句便可選出答案的題目。例：(2007年中考英語(yǔ)試卷 完形填空四選一 保留原題號(hào))I 90 you were very busy then helping your friend get ready for her wedding I am sure it was a success.A. remember B. explainC. hope D. expect2. 句群層次的設(shè)空指根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容，經(jīng)過(guò)推理判斷可以得到答案的題目前制性設(shè)空即根據(jù)上文有關(guān)內(nèi)容即可確定答案的題目。后制性設(shè)空指那些需要根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容才能選出正確答案 的題目/下文某處有提示

4、。前制性設(shè)空例：It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and students of my school! A. write    B. speak    C. sing     D. dance后制性設(shè)空例：1). Nobody _ him in the villag

5、e. One day he said to them, “I know you dont like me ” A. believed    B. liked     C. hated     D. knew 2). Country music comes from _ kinds of music. One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States. The other is tra

6、ditional cowboy music from the American West. A. many         B. all        C. two       D. three3. 語(yǔ)篇性設(shè)空 指那些需要聯(lián)系全文的情境、內(nèi)容才能確定正確答案的設(shè)空。I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti. Recently I took

7、 my son Barrett there for a week, hoping to 1  him achieved all Id expected. Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday. He will be a man. (最后一句話)(   ) 1. A. comfort      B. please          C. attract          D. educ

8、ate三、 真題演練 Sometimes you may not understand your parents. One minute theyre friendly, the next minute theyre shouting and screaming loudlyenough for the whole street to hear. So who makes them so 85 ? You, probably! When you take your clothes off, remember to 86 . Get into the habit of taking glasse

9、s and plates down to the kitchen. Before long youll be doing it without thinking. Even though you may not realize it, your parents have bought you many clothes. But theyre not buying themselves new things every week, are they? The simple truth is that there are more 87 things to spend money on, like

10、 the electricity bill and food. You may hate missing a party to visit some boring old relatives. They may go on and on about what a sweet baby you were. You have no choice but to listen. Even if you 88 , your parents wont change their minds. Parents like to show off their family. The best thing you

11、can do is to help entertain your relatives. Your parents will be so pleased with you afterwards that theyll probably allow you to go to the next two 89 . You might not want to eat, but think of it from the parents point of view. If you cook two meals a day, it means 730 meals a year. Can you imagine

12、 how boring this can get? Imagine how your parents feel when you say youre not really hungry. 90 , your parents are probably worried that you arent eating enough. Eat fewer snacks and leave room for your meals. Finally, offer to 91 after the meal. Your offer may not be accepted, but your parents wil

13、l be pleased.(   ) 85. A. friendly        B. lonely         C. changeable   D. comfortable(   ) 86. A. hang them up  B. leave them alone    C. put them on    D.

14、 throw them away(   ) 87. A. interesting    B. difficult           C. important         D. surprising(   ) 88. A. agree         &#

15、160;  B. complain         C. listen                D. win(   ) 89. A. concerts        B. meetings     

16、60;    C. classes              D. parties(   ) 90. A. In addition    B. In return           C. At most     

17、60;        D. At last(   ) 91. A. do the cooking     B. lay the table      C. buy some snacks   D. wash the dishes 解析：85. （前制性設(shè)空）文章第一段提出，父母的態(tài)度往往會(huì)令你感到詫異，他們有時(shí)是那么友好，忽然間又會(huì)生氣地大聲嚷嚷，由此可以看出，他們的態(tài)度是那么地易變changea

18、ble。所以，本題答案為C。86. （句子層次的設(shè)空）青少年應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)良好的生活習(xí)慣。例如，在家脫衣后應(yīng)該及時(shí)掛上。B項(xiàng)leave them alone 表示“讓它們獨(dú)自留下”；C項(xiàng)put them up 表示“把他們穿上”；D項(xiàng)throw them away表示“把它們?nèi)拥簟?，以上答案顯然均不符合文章意思，而A項(xiàng)hang them up 正是“把衣服掛上”的意思，所以答案為A。87. （后制性設(shè)空）家長(zhǎng)會(huì)給孩子買(mǎi)許多衣服，但他們不會(huì)經(jīng)常為自己購(gòu)物，那是因?yàn)樗麄円紤]維持家庭生計(jì)，他們往往把錢(qián)花在更重要的事情上，所以答案為C。88. （前制性設(shè)空）你有時(shí)會(huì)去拜訪那些無(wú)聊又年長(zhǎng)的親戚，他們會(huì)一遍又

19、一遍地嘮叨你小時(shí)候的乖巧可愛(ài)，而你只能洗耳恭聽(tīng)（They may go on and on about what a sweet baby you were. You have no choice but to listen.）顯然，你會(huì)對(duì)此而抱怨，但家長(zhǎng)們?nèi)圆灰詾槿唬?your parents wont change their minds.），所以本題答案為B。 解析：89. （前制性設(shè)空） 如果能幫助招待好你的親戚，你的家長(zhǎng)會(huì)感到十分滿意，也會(huì)允許你出席以后的更多的這種聚會(huì)。選項(xiàng)A、B、C與聚會(huì)無(wú)關(guān)，應(yīng)予淘汰。所以，本題答案為D。90. （語(yǔ)篇性設(shè)空）每日吃飯時(shí)，應(yīng)該想到家長(zhǎng)的艱辛。當(dāng)你

20、說(shuō)你并不餓時(shí)，家長(zhǎng)不但會(huì)有內(nèi)心的不快，另外會(huì)擔(dān)心你吃得過(guò)少而影響身體（Imagine how your parents feel when you say youre not really hungry. , your parents are probably worried that you arent eating enough.）。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，空格處應(yīng)填入“除此之外”的意思，所以本題答案為A。91. （前制性設(shè)空）文章結(jié)尾告誡我們要少吃零食，要留出吃飯的空間（Eat fewer snacks and leave room for your meals.）。飯后也要提出幫助父母做些事情，

21、盡管有時(shí)不會(huì)得到他們的許可。從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，我們可以看到D項(xiàng)符合飯后可做的事，A項(xiàng)do the cooking 表示“煮飯”，B項(xiàng)lay the table表示“擺餐具、飯桌”均發(fā)生在飯前，C項(xiàng)buy some snacks與上文“少吃零食”的論述矛盾，所以答案為D。四、 解題技巧點(diǎn)撥（一）細(xì)讀首句，跳過(guò)空格，通讀全文，掌握大意（二）理解詞義，瞻前顧后，先易后難，各個(gè)擊破(三) 復(fù)讀全文，逐個(gè)核對(duì)，驗(yàn)證答案，堅(jiān)定信心實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 When I was fifteen I went to a summer camp. There were lots of great 90 but there was

22、one thing I was really scared (害怕)about: climbing the wall. The wall is a kind of rock that people use to learn how to climb. It is very tall. We were all supposed to climb the wall, but I knew I couldnt get to the top because I am 91 heights. I was ashamed and I didnt want anyone to know that I was

23、 scared. I thought they would all laugh at me. I practiced my excuse: “Im not scared, you know, I suffer from vertigo (患眩暈癥).” The day came. It was time to climb the wall. The sun was shining but everyone was very quiet that morning. I took photographs at the bottom of the wall and tried to 92 . Eve

24、ryone in the group went up. Then the moment came. It was my turn. I was so scared that all I could think about was my excuse. Someone said, “Shall I take your camera?” and I answered, “Im not scared, you know. I suffer from vertigo”. The 93 was that I was more than scared, I was terrified (嚇壞了). The

25、 camp leader said, “Dont worry, you dont have to do anything you dont want to do.” I was surprised. Everyone was understanding. No one 94 . The next day, the leader asked me if I wanted to try the wall on my own, 95 the others watching. Although I was still very nervous I agreed and climbed slowly t

26、o the top with his help. I was still shaking when I came 96, but I was really happy and relieved too. For me, climbing the wall was a real achievement. ( )90. A. activitiesB. operationsC. accidentsD. exams( ) 91. A. poor atB. good atC. afraid ofD. fond of( ) 92. A. go B. hideC. appearD. run( ) 93. A

27、. truthB. situationC. storyD. reason( ) 94. A. jumpedB. cheeredC. smiledD. laughed( ) 95. A. with B. withoutC. amongD. behind( ) 96. A. inB. outC. upD. down 解析：90. 閱讀文章可知，作者15歲時(shí)去參加夏令營(yíng)，參加了許多很棒的活動(dòng)，但是有一件事令他很害怕，那就是攀巖，所以答案為A。91. 那墻是人們用來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)攀巖的，但作者知道他爬不到頂部因?yàn)樗锌指甙Y（We were all supposed to climb the wall, but I knew I couldnt get to the top because I am heights），所以答案為C。92. 盡管怕，活動(dòng)的日子還是到了。作者在墻腳下拍了照片后試圖躲藏起來(lái)，所以答案為B。93.