略談?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)教學(xué)中學(xué)生積極性的調(diào)動(dòng)

1、略談?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)教學(xué)中學(xué)生積極性的調(diào)動(dòng)永康市古山中學(xué) 呂紅芳摘要：根據(jù)新課標(biāo)的要求，教師要改變以傳授知識(shí)為主的教學(xué)方式，而實(shí)施以學(xué)生主動(dòng)參與為主的任務(wù)驅(qū)動(dòng)型學(xué)習(xí)方式;同時(shí)要積極開展課內(nèi)外豐富多彩的小組活動(dòng)，來鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生創(chuàng)造性地學(xué)習(xí)，從而營(yíng)造平等 、民主、寬松的學(xué)習(xí)氣氛。下面我從課堂教學(xué)課文，以及課外提高書面表達(dá)方面，談?wù)剮追N頗有成效的小組合作方式。關(guān)鍵詞：課堂教學(xué)，課外活動(dòng)，小組活動(dòng)，互動(dòng)李白小時(shí)候?qū)㈣F棒磨成針，激勵(lì)了多少能人志士，從此“世上無難事，只怕有心人?！鄙钊肴诵?，婦孺皆知。英語(yǔ)中也有相似的說法：Where there is a will, there is a way. 的確如此，但達(dá)到怎樣的

2、程度，才算做成一事，各人恐怕標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不一，但有一點(diǎn)看法肯定一致：勉強(qiáng)做了某事，也許不難，但要做得好，做得出色，卻不容易，英語(yǔ)教學(xué)也不例外。過去的英語(yǔ)教學(xué)，是一種以知識(shí)為本，以教師傳授為主，學(xué)生被動(dòng)接受的語(yǔ)言教學(xué)模式。學(xué)生只是被動(dòng)的接受者，甚至在某種程度上可以說是記錄教師講授內(nèi)容的錄音機(jī)。這種填鴨式教學(xué)，現(xiàn)在越來越不適應(yīng)時(shí)代的發(fā)展，越來越不符合21世紀(jì)學(xué)生的口味?！案咧杏⒄Z(yǔ)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)開宗明義地指出，高中階段的外語(yǔ)教育是培養(yǎng)就業(yè)、升學(xué)和未來生存發(fā)展的需要，同時(shí)也要滿足國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和科技發(fā)展對(duì)人才培養(yǎng)的要求。因此，高中階段外語(yǔ)教育具有多重的人文和社會(huì)意義?！?為了迎接這一挑戰(zhàn)，我們廣大教師要建立終身學(xué)習(xí)的觀

3、念，更新知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)，掌握相關(guān)的必備知識(shí)，博學(xué)多才，方能信手拈來，隨時(shí)為教學(xué)作輔助手段。“Its important that the teacher should be in possession of the necessary information. This can generally be got from books.” 2但老師光有知識(shí)還不夠?！癇ut it does not follow that you can teach English successfully. It depends, after that, what use you make of your knowle

4、dge and this is a matter of technique. There are two other requirements for the teacher: the first, knowledge; the second, technique.3可見教書是一門藝術(shù)，奧妙無窮。因此我們教師不能拘泥于一成不變的教學(xué)模式，而要因地制宜，因材施教，不斷發(fā)展新的教學(xué)思想理念和方法，不斷探索切實(shí)可行的教學(xué)方法，精心設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)步驟，確保每一個(gè)同學(xué)都能參與教學(xué)活動(dòng)，尤其是多進(jìn)行小組活動(dòng)，發(fā)揮小組群體力量，樹立榜樣模范作用，增強(qiáng)師生、學(xué)生之間的互動(dòng)，最終調(diào)動(dòng)起學(xué)生的積極性。（一）下面是我在教

5、學(xué)Integrating skills: NATURES NURSERY:ESTUARIES(高二(下), Unit13)的案例片段：1. Presentation: “Hi. Everybody. I know you do very well in Chinese. Its likely that you all like Poems. Great! But to me, things are not so good. Im poor at Chinese, not to mention Chinese poems. But I like one Tang Dynasty poem bes

6、t. Do you want to know what it is?” 學(xué)生都很好奇，所以我接著說：“OK. Now please listen. 白日依山盡”這時(shí)學(xué)生立刻都齊聲背起來：“黃河入海流，欲窮千里目，更上一層樓?！薄癎ood. Do you know what we call the place where the Yellow River runs into the sea? The place where a river meets the sea? Yes. Its called an estuary. To learn about its characteristics a

7、nd other aspects, lets come to the passage: NATURES NURSEY: ESTUARIES a scientific reading where key terms and concepts are defined and explained. OK?” 由一首膾炙人口的唐詩(shī)入手，自然過渡到文章的教學(xué)，學(xué)生依然保持著當(dāng)初的高昂情緒，好的開始是成功的一半，接下來的教學(xué)也較順利。2. Teaching: 學(xué)生對(duì)estuaries的概念理解之后，我叫他們6人一組，就文后5個(gè)問題，進(jìn)行小組活動(dòng)，一人提問，其他5人各回答一個(gè)問題，看哪組完成得最快，哪組課堂

8、上表演、配合得最默契，評(píng)出speed champion和performance champion，給予一定獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)?！癟here are some questions at page 23. Lets look at them：Why are estuaries such good places for natures young ones?What does density mean in this passage?How do estuaries affect the water that passes through them?Why are estuaries more sensitive

9、 to pollution than other areas?Why are estuaries important to human being?To know the answers to them helps us understand estuaries better. What about working in six and having a discussion now? One acts as the examiner, asking the other five examinees each a question. Well see today which team is t

10、he speed champion and which team wins the teamwork performance championship. Of course, the winners will get a nice surprise. Is six minutes enough? OK. Work out the answers with your partners within six minutes. Understand? Good! Now please go.” 同學(xué)們都很踴躍參與。雖然沒有雙料冠軍，但獲勝者都很自豪，拿到獎(jiǎng)品一人一份后，更是興奮，他們的高漲情緒，也感

11、染了其他同學(xué)，差生也不例外。3. Writing：假設(shè)學(xué)生在做有關(guān)estuaries的研究，叫學(xué)生從兩個(gè)題目中選一個(gè)，先思考，然后動(dòng)手寫一個(gè)報(bào)告，這既是對(duì)文章的概括，又過渡到了寫作，同時(shí)也鞏固了文內(nèi)有關(guān)詞匯。時(shí)間7分鐘。然后5人一組，進(jìn)行小組交流，推薦本組最佳作品，課堂上宣讀幾篇，課后將全部佳作張貼在報(bào)告欄上，課外由同學(xué)投票，評(píng)出全班最佳文章?！癆s we all know now, estuaries provide both recreation and education for human beings, and they also contribute to the economy

12、through tourism and fishing. Besides, they are the homes of numerous animals and plants. Now, suppose you are doing some research. Please choose one of the two topics and write a report.Here are the two topics:1. Why do so many species live in estuaries?2. Why have so many cities been built by estua

13、ries?Ill give you 7 minutes. Clear? OK, You can start now. Time is up. Please exchange yours with your team members. Have a discussion and choose the best one in your group. The group leader, please read the best one in your group Good. Both of them are well written. Since time is limited, why not p

14、ut all the best writings up on the Bulletin Board so that all of us can enjoy them? Dont forget to vote for the best one and let me know who is actually todays greatest writer. See? Monitor, you take charge of this. OK? ”這堂課容量較大，在一定程度上賦予優(yōu)秀學(xué)生更大的發(fā)展空間，對(duì)差生也有一定的促進(jìn)鼓勵(lì)作用。這不能不說是小組活動(dòng)的魅力使然的。當(dāng)然，由于課堂時(shí)間有限，課外小組活動(dòng)的

15、作用有時(shí)也是不可低估的。（二）下面是我如何利用（主要是課外）小組活動(dòng)提高書面表達(dá)能力的。高三學(xué)年初期，我給學(xué)生每周一練書面表達(dá)，認(rèn)真批改之后，發(fā)回去，連續(xù)七、八周，可是學(xué)生進(jìn)展甚緩，低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤比如拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)、時(shí)態(tài)、結(jié)構(gòu)等依然頻頻出現(xiàn)，也有較多中文式英語(yǔ)，苦惱不已。這也難怪，學(xué)生肚里就一些單詞，基本上沒有結(jié)構(gòu)、典型地道的常用句型、高級(jí)詞匯、過渡詞，時(shí)態(tài)、從句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等概念，畢竟他們平時(shí)太偏重理科了。故他們的大部分作品不能算是文章，充其量是單詞的堆砌而已。隨著高考的腳步越來越近，無奈，只好“作此下策”：發(fā)給學(xué)生40余篇范文，叫學(xué)生5人一組，加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)篇理解，討論分析其結(jié)構(gòu)、層次、高級(jí)詞匯、句型、連接詞、從句等不同語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的運(yùn)用（起初作些指導(dǎo)），作些標(biāo)志，然后模仿，自愿背誦。組長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)，組員背到組長(zhǎng)處，組長(zhǎng)背到我處，背誦情況公布在報(bào)告欄上，隨時(shí)可以背。一開始是些自覺的，成績(jī)好點(diǎn)的學(xué)生會(huì)背，久而久之，朗朗的讀書聲，也逐漸感染了差生。這樣一來，大部分學(xué)生都很抓緊，有的在暗暗較勁，看誰(shuí)