(完整word版)一般過(guò)去時(shí)用法及結(jié)構(gòu)

1、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法及結(jié)構(gòu)1. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也可表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday, last week, last ni ght, i n 2003, two days ago等?！九e例】I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30起床。My father was very busy last week. 我父親上周很忙。2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句“主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他”或者“主語(yǔ)+was/ were +其他”。【舉例】I played tenn is last

2、 weeke nd.我上周末打網(wǎng)球了。My school trip was great.我的學(xué)校郊游棒極了。否定句“主語(yǔ)+ didn t +動(dòng)詞原形+其他”或“主語(yǔ)+wasn t/weren t +其他”?！九e例】 The girl did n t p lay compu ter games yesterday after noon.這個(gè)女孩昨天下午沒(méi)玩電子游戲。Old Henry wasn t happy last Friday.上星期五老亨利不高興。Did +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？Yes,No,Yes,No,主語(yǔ)+ did ”，主語(yǔ)+ didn t”或者Was/Were +主語(yǔ)+其他？”

3、主語(yǔ)+ was/ were ”，主語(yǔ)+ wasn t/ weren t”。一般疑問(wèn)句 肯定回答為 否定回答為 肯定回答為 否定回答為Did you go to the beach? 你們?nèi)ズ┝藛?【舉例】一 Yes, we did./ No, we didn t.是的，我們?nèi)チ恕?不，我們沒(méi)有。Was your weeke nd OK? 你的周末過(guò)得還行吧？Yes, it was./No, it wasn t.是的，還行。/不，不行。特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ 般疑問(wèn)句（順序）？【舉例】一 What did Li Lei do last weekend? 李雷上周末干什么了？He visite

4、d his grandparen ts.他去看了他的祖父母。Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪兒？I was at home. 我在家里。為了便于記憶行為動(dòng)詞（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）的一般過(guò)去時(shí)用法及結(jié)構(gòu)，我們可用以下歌訣來(lái)幫助記憶：動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生事。否定形式很簡(jiǎn)單，主語(yǔ)之后didn t添。主語(yǔ)前面加did。過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成 系動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去式有兩種形式：was和were。其中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式，過(guò)去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志。 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要還原。疑問(wèn)構(gòu)成有規(guī)則，be動(dòng)詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成：was是 am禾R is的過(guò)去式， were是 are的過(guò)去式。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成： 一般在動(dòng)

5、詞末尾加一 ed?！九e例】walkwalked play played 以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞末尾只加一 d?！九e例】loveloved decidedecided 結(jié)尾是輔音字母+ y ”的動(dòng)詞。先將y變?yōu)閕,再加一ed。【舉例】studystudied carryed?！九e例】sto pT carried 末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加一stopped plan t planned規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式構(gòu)成方法可用以下口訣來(lái)記憶：過(guò)去式構(gòu)成有規(guī)律，一般詞尾加一ed如果詞尾有個(gè)e （不發(fā)音的），只需直接加上一d。輔音字母+ y ”在詞尾，變y為i加一ed?！耙惠o重閉”作尾巴

6、，雙寫之后加一ed。隨堂練習(xí)：一.寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。1. am/ is 2.do 3.go 4.have5.isn t 6. aren t 7.spend 8.cook9.read 10.clea n11.live12.study二用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下列對(duì)話。1. How was your weeke nd? Itgreat.Whatyou _last weeke nd ? Ishesome homework.2 Whatlast weeke nd? Sheto the beach.3. Whatthey do last weeke nd? They三.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。to th

7、e movies.1. We2. Jack3. you4. What day _5. The old man6.We7.We_ (enjoy) ourselves at the party last ni ght.(study) for the En glish test last Sun day.(go) to the Great Wall last year?(be) it yesterday?(be)ill and went to see a doctor.(have) a party last ni ght._ (visit) the museum and went home.8. H

8、ow(be) the stude nts? They were very frien dly.9. He ofte n(have) supper at home. Today he(have) supper at school.10. We had great fun(p lay) in the water.12.11. That made me(feel) very happy.he(have) lunch at nine? No, he didn t.13.They四.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1. He came here last mon th.(改為否定句 )2.They pl ayed footb

9、all this morning.( 改theyfootball this morning?(buy) a guitar yesterday.Hehere last mon th.為一般疑問(wèn)句并作簡(jiǎn)略回答)Yes, they. / No, they.3. They went to Beijing last year.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))theylast year.4. Tom watched TV last night.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)TomTV last ni ght?5. Mary does homework every day.(用 last night 改寫句子)Mary.般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用

10、法與結(jié)構(gòu)1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的定義及構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。（1）be（am,is,are）動(dòng)詞：（作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)）肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞（am,is,are）+其它。如： I am a student.（主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+名詞） They are hungry.（主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+形容詞） He is out.（主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+副詞） That pen is mine.（主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+代詞） I am fifteen.（主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+數(shù)詞） The bike is under the tree.（主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+介詞短語(yǔ)）運(yùn)用am,is,are寫三個(gè)句子

11、否定句：主語(yǔ) + be（am,is,are） + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 運(yùn)用 am,is,are寫三個(gè)句子一般疑問(wèn)句：Be（am,is,are） +主語(yǔ)+其它。女0: -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 運(yùn)用 am,is,are 寫三個(gè)句子特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike? 運(yùn)用am,is,are寫三個(gè)句子特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, wha

12、t shape,what colour,）,找句子中有沒(méi)有 be動(dòng)詞（is, am或者are）或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞（特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+be動(dòng)詞（is, am或者are）或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞+其他?）（2）行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞+ （其它）。（作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)）1）主語(yǔ)不是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，+動(dòng)詞原形+其它+do nt+動(dòng)詞原形+其它肯定句為：主語(yǔ) 否定式為：主語(yǔ)疑問(wèn)句為：Do+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？e.g. We sp eak Chin ese. Do you sp eak Chi nese? -Yes, I do. / No, I dont. They dont sp eak Chi nese

13、.寫三個(gè)句子2）當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)：（he,she,it,A/An,單獨(dú)的人或事物：Lily/book）肯定句為：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞（詞尾加s或es） +其它。否定式為：主語(yǔ)+doesnt+動(dòng)詞原形+其它.疑問(wèn)句式：Does+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？ He sp eaks En glish. He does nt sp eaks En glish. -Does she go to work by bike? Yes, she does. / No, she does nt.寫三個(gè)句子 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞 +般疑問(wèn)句。如： How does your father go to work?3）動(dòng)詞+s的

14、變化規(guī)則（1）一般情況下，直接加-S,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks（2）以 s. x. sh. ch. o 結(jié)尾，力口 -es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 以”輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：study-studies（3）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí) ）（ca n, could,be able to,may,might,must,have to, need,shall,should, will,would）時(shí)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：肯定句：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形。否定句：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+動(dòng)

15、詞原形 一般疑問(wèn)句。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？Eg: He can sp eak En glish. Can I help you? What can I do for you?在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常與以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)聯(lián)用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month ), once a week, on Sun days例句： He usually p lays football on Sun days.、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)_performpl

16、aysaylike _maketake_drivetalkforgethopestopbuyworryflystudy_loverecitebecomecome二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. The childre n have a good time in the p ark.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：2. There is about nine hun dred people at the concert.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：3. Ann does her homework yesterday eve ning.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：4. I read an En

17、 glish book.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：肯定/否定回答：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：5. My brother is in the park just now.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)句型轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)1.1 go to school before 7:00 in the morning.(he )2. I always go shopping with my mum on Sun day.(she )3.1 sometimes p lay compu ter games after school on Sun day.(he )4. I always take exerc

18、ise after class on Mon day.(my mother )般過(guò)去時(shí)詳細(xì)講解與練習(xí)題一、巧記一般過(guò)去時(shí)：動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事；be用was或用were, have,has變had;謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式，過(guò)去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志；一般動(dòng)詞加-ed,若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡(jiǎn)單，主語(yǔ)之后didn t添；疑問(wèn)句也不難，did放在主語(yǔ)前;不含be動(dòng)詞時(shí) 如果謂語(yǔ)之前有did，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需還原；動(dòng)詞若是was,were,否定就把not添。含be動(dòng)詞時(shí) 疑問(wèn)句也不難，要把 was, were放在主語(yǔ)前。二、be的一般過(guò)去時(shí)：學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞be的一般過(guò)去時(shí)，下面有一口訣，它可以幫你們更好地掌 握動(dòng)詞b

19、e的一般過(guò)去時(shí)。表示過(guò)去的短語(yǔ)要記牢； was，復(fù)數(shù) were ；not 緊跟 was/were;was/ were向前跑(提前)。be的過(guò)去時(shí)有四巧： 一是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)巧， 二是形式巧，單數(shù) 三巧是否定句結(jié)構(gòu)， 四是疑問(wèn)句式巧，【一巧】時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(即標(biāo)志詞)巧。一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，恰巧與表示過(guò)去的一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。1. yesterday或以其構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：yesterday morning(afternoon, evening) 等;2. 由last+時(shí)間名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：last ni ght, last year (wi nter, mon th, week)等;3. 由

20、時(shí)間段 +ago” 構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)： a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago 等;4. 其它：just now 等5. 由某些表示過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的從句等。【二巧】形式巧。數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用它與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣，形式多樣：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一人稱單數(shù)或第三人稱單 was;主語(yǔ)是第二人稱或其他人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用were。例如：I was in the classroom yesterday morning . 昨天早上我在教室里。He was at school last Tuesday. 上周二他在學(xué)校。They were over there a moment a

21、go . 剛才他們?cè)谀沁??！救伞糠穸ň浣Y(jié)構(gòu)巧。與動(dòng)詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣，它在動(dòng)詞后面加not即可變成否定 句，并且was, were與not可以縮寫成was nt, were nt。即： 主語(yǔ) + was nt / were nt +表語(yǔ) +其他。例如：I was not ( = was nt) here yesterday. 昨天我不在這兒。My parents were not ( = werent) at home last Sun day . 上周日我父母不在家?！舅那伞恳蓡?wèn)句式巧。把was, were提到句首，句末用問(wèn)號(hào)即可變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句。即： Was(Were) +主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ)+

22、其他？這恰巧與動(dòng)詞 be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的疑問(wèn)句式相似。 例如： Were you at home the day before yesterday ? 前天你在家嗎？Was she late this morning ?今天早上她遲到了嗎？更巧的是疑問(wèn)句的答語(yǔ)也相似，肯定回答用“Yes,主語(yǔ)+ was/ were.”；否定回答用No,主語(yǔ)+ was nt/ were nt .”。例如：一Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now ?剛才魏華和韓梅在這兒?jiǎn)?？Yes, they were. (No, they were nt.)是的，她們?cè)凇?不，她們不在。)一、單

23、項(xiàng)選擇：從下列各題后所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案填空。:)1 . My father ill yesterday .A. isnt B . arentC. was nt D. were nt)2 . your parents at home last week ?A. Is B . Was C. Are D. Were)3. The twinsin Dalian last year.(They here now.A. are。were B. were。 are C. was。are D.()4 . your father at work the day _A. Was。before B. Is

24、。before C. Was。)5 . Who was on duty last Friday ?(10)were。 wasyesterday (前天)？after D. Is。 afterA . I am B . I was C . Yes, I was)6. I clea ned my classroom.A with three hours B three hours ago)7. I camemy house two days ago .A back on B back to C to back D8 . ? He did some readi ng at home.A What do

25、es your father do yesterday eve ningB What does your brother do in the schoolC What did your brother do over the weeke ndD Where did your brother go last Sun day)9. What did you do? I went to the movies.A n ext morning Bover the weeke nd C in the weeke nd D next Mon day)10. The koala sleeps, but get

26、s up.A duri ng the day。 at the eveningB at day duri ng ni ghtin the day duri ng the eveningD duri ng the day 。(10)D. No, I was ntC二、請(qǐng)用正確動(dòng)詞形式填空。1.1C in three hours D three hours beforeback ()at ni ght_ (have) an excit ing party last weeke nd.she(p ractice) her guitar yesterday?3. WhatTom(do) on Satur

27、day eve ning?He(watch) TV and(read) an in teresti ng book.4. They all(go) to the mountains yesterday morni ng.5.She(not visit) her aunt last weeke nd.She(stay) at home and(do) some clea ning.(write) this song? I(write) it last year.2.No, she6. Whenyou7. My friend, Carol,（study） for the math test and

28、（p ractice） En glish last ni ght.8. Mr. Li（do） the project on Mon day morning? Yes, he.9. How（be） Jims weeke nd? It（be not） bad.10. （be） your mother a sales assista nt last year? No. she _三、翻譯下列句子（20）1. 我過(guò)了一個(gè)忙碌但卻刺激的周末。I2. Jenny喜歡看書。昨晚她看了一本英語(yǔ)書。Jenny likes. She _3. Emma每天都看電視?？墒亲蛱焖麤](méi)有看。EmmaTV every day

29、. But he4. 上周六他們做什么了？他們做作業(yè)和購(gòu)物了。WhattheySaturday?Theyhomework and5. 今天早上方方得做飯，因?yàn)樗赣H不在家。This morning Fangfangbecause his father6. 你還有什么要說(shuō)的？Whatwould you like7. 放學(xué)別忘了向老師說(shuō)聲再見。Don t forget _8. 為什么你昨晚沒(méi)有看電視？Whyyou9. 他在打掃教室的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)地上有塊表。When hethe classroom, hea watch on the ground.10. 他什么時(shí)候出生的？ 1980年。-Whe nh

30、e?-四、 改寫句子：（20）1. Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucyher homework at home.2. He found some meat in the fridge （冰箱）.（變一般疑問(wèn)句）hemeat in the fridge?3. There was some orange in the cup.（變一般疑問(wèn)句 ）thereorange in the cup?4. Frank read an in teresti ng book about history.（一般疑問(wèn)句）Frankan in terest ing book

31、 about history?5. Why n ot go out for a walk?（同義句）out for a walk?6. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book.（否定句）ThomasRMB 10 on this book.7. My family went to the beach last week.（劃線提問(wèn)）familylast week?8. I think she is Lily s sister.（否定句。注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移）excit ing weeke nd.an En glish book last ni ght.yesterday.TV

32、last ni ght?1980.9. Sally ofte n does some readi ng in the morni ng. （否定句）Sallyofte nsome readi ng in the morning.10. He is a tall, thin boy.（劃線提問(wèn)）he?yesterday.the teacher.五、改錯(cuò)題(20)1.2.3.4.5.6.7.&9.How is Jane yesterday?He go to school by bus last week.He ofte n goes home at 6:00 last month.I can fl

33、y kites seve n years ago.Did you saw him just now.Tom wasn t watch TV last night.I didn t my homework yesterday.He wait for you three hours ago.Who find it just now ?t help Tom because he 8 at home . So Tom answered ,“ NO ,He Was busy last night, so I 9 _ to do it 10 _ .”)1.A.others B. another C. th

34、e other D .other2.A.made B. found C . looked at D . looked3.A.laughed B. knocked C . looked D .saw4.A.pl ease B . pl eased C . p leasure D .sad5.A.to B . for C . in D . at6.A.talked B . asked C . sp oke D . said7.A.and B . but C . so D . or8A.isn t B . won t be C . wasn t D . can9.A.wan ted B . must n t C . liked D . 1had10. A .itself B . of them C . myself D . himselft be10. What make him cry (哭)just now?六、完形填空(10)Tom did no t like doing his homework,because he liked to do some 1_ things after school. And his teacher always 2 _ a lot of mistakes in h is homework .Then one day, his maths teac