現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)比較

1、實(shí)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文案文檔大全現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較及練習(xí)（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) ）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的意義及其構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) , 其結(jié)果的影響現(xiàn)在還存在 ; 也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成 : have （has） + 過去分詞、通常使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的幾種情況：1、表示過去發(fā)生的事對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響。The disappearance of Justin has made Kelly very unhappy (Justin 在過去失蹤，但 Kelly 至今仍舊為他的失蹤感到不高興 ）2、表示過去開始的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。I haven &#

2、39; t seen Justin since last Friday night ( 從上周五晚上到現(xiàn)在一直都沒有見到過3、表示動(dòng)作的確切時(shí)間不明確或不重要。The boy has already come home（男孩已經(jīng)回家，但沒有指出何時(shí)回家 ）4、表示剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作。The police have just finished searching the area（警方剛結(jié)束對(duì)該地區(qū)的搜查）5、表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Some villagers say that they have seen UFOs many times（村民們?cè)啻慰吹?UFO）三、常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語1、

3、表示過去的事或動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響， 動(dòng)作的時(shí)間不明確、 不重要或動(dòng)作剛結(jié)束，一般可用 already（ 用于肯定句或疑問句 ）、yet（ 用于否定句或疑問句 ）、ever 、just 、recently 、lately never 等。除此之外， before 也可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。The boy has already come home男孩已經(jīng)來家了。I haven't heard anything from him yet/ recently lately.近來，我沒收到他的任何信件。The police have just finished searching the area警方

4、已經(jīng)結(jié)束對(duì)這個(gè)地區(qū)的搜查。I've met the old man somewhere before我以前在某個(gè)地方見過那位老人。2、 表示動(dòng)作從過去開始，并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，一般可用 for since 短語或由since 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。 在介詞 for 后一般跟表示一段時(shí)間的短語， 在 since后一般跟表示某個(gè)時(shí)間的短語，或表示過去時(shí)間的狀語從句。We haven't seen him for two yearssince 2002 我兩年沒見到他了 / 自從2002 年以來就沒見過他。We haven't seen him since he left Nan

5、jing自從他離開南京我們就一直沒見到過他。3、 表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，一般可用數(shù)詞 +times 、 recently 和 lately 等。Some villagers say that they have seen UFOs many times/recently/lately一些村民說他們多次 / 近來看到飛碟。四、用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型：1) It is the first / second time that 結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分 , 用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如果主句是過去時(shí)，從句相應(yīng)地改為過去完成時(shí)。例如：It is the first time that I have visited the c

6、ity.這是我第一次參觀這座城市。It was the third time that the boy had been late.這是男孩第三次遲到了。2) sb./ sth. + be +形容詞最高級(jí)+ that結(jié)構(gòu),that從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如果主句是過去時(shí)，從句相應(yīng)地改為過去完成時(shí)。例如：This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.這是我看過的電影中最好的一部。You are the most creative man that I have ever met.你是我遇到過的人中最有創(chuàng)造性的一位。3) since 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)

7、，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。例如：It has been/ is a long time since I last came to the city.自從我上次到城里來，已經(jīng)有好長一段時(shí)間了。I started my teaching career at the school. That was more than twentyyears ago, and I have been there ever since. 我是在那個(gè)學(xué)校開始我的教書生涯。那是二十多年前的事了，從那時(shí)起我一直就在那兒。注意 : 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間的狀語連用。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的

8、。(錯(cuò)) I have received his letter for a month.（對(duì)）I received this letter a month ago.（對(duì)）I have n't received his letter for almost a mon th.比較 since 和for用法舉例since說明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間I have lived here since I was born.自從出生以來我一直住這兒。for說明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長度I have lived here for more tha n 20 years.我已經(jīng)住這兒20多年了。般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別般過

9、去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)意過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘過去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在義述過去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。didhave/ has done常 yesterday, last week,for, sin ce, so far, ever, n ever, just, yet,用 ago,up to now, in the p ast/ lastyearsn1980, in October, justnow等具體的時(shí)間狀語等不確定的時(shí)間狀語come, go, leave, start, die,live, teach, lear n, wait, read, work, study,fini sh

10、, become, getknow, stay, be away/i n , stay, talk, paint,married,have等延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞move, join 等非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞間狀語動(dòng)詞特征注意：由when, where等引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，較少使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，常用一般過去時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的意義及其構(gòu)成:現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示某一動(dòng)作在過去開始發(fā)生，已經(jīng)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還將持續(xù)，或剛剛停止。其構(gòu)成：學(xué)英語這個(gè)動(dòng)作從三年前開始have (has) +bee n + doingI have bee n lear ning En glish for three years.(持

11、續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還將繼續(xù)學(xué)）I have been waiting three hours for you.（等待從過去開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在, 剛剛結(jié)束） 二、通常使用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的兩種情況:1表示過去開始的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并仍在繼續(xù)之中。.（“我”回家后一直I have not bee n slee ping well since I retu rned home都沒有睡好，現(xiàn)在也沒有睡好）2表示過去開始的動(dòng)作剛結(jié)束并在某種情況下與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)聯(lián)。Kelly : Sorry rm late . Have you been waiting long?(凱利剛到，對(duì)方雖然 不再等了，但已一直等到現(xiàn)在）

12、但前者所表示的Sally : Yes. I have been waiting for an hour現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)皆可表示動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果, 結(jié)果是直接的，而后者所表示的則是最后的結(jié)果。如:We have bee n clea ning the classroom.我們打掃教室來著。其直接結(jié)果可能是：我們身上都是灰。表示教室剛剛打掃過。We have clea ned the classroom.我們把教室打掃過了。其結(jié)果是：現(xiàn)在教 室很清潔，可 以用了。表示教室可能是昨天打掃的?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別1 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)1表示事件或動(dòng)作剛結(jié)束強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作仍在

13、繼續(xù)have (has) + 過去分詞have (has) +bee n + doing表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，11表示持續(xù)的、不間斷的動(dòng)作，意義構(gòu)成提問方式提問時(shí)用 how many times提問時(shí)用how long謂語用表示狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞做謂語只能用表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞做謂語注意:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子中可以用像never、yet、already 和 ever這樣的詞,而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子中則不可以用這樣的詞。Hele n has read a book about Ston ehe nge.(可表示海倫已經(jīng)讀完了 ）Hele n has bee n read ing a book about St

14、on ehe nge.(表示海倫仍在讀）How many times have you visited Egypt this mon th?I have visited Egypt twice this mon th.（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)在這一組對(duì)話當(dāng)中表示被問者過去往返于埃及和居住地，但現(xiàn)已經(jīng)回來）How long have you bee n touri ng Egypt ?I have bee n touri ng Egypt for two mon ths.（現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)在這一組對(duì)話中表示被問者過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直呆在埃及，沒有離開過）I have had this camera for fi

15、ve years . (had 是表示 “擁有”狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞 )I have take n p hotos of UFOs with this camera. (take n是表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞）I have bee n tak ing p hotos of UFOs with this camera. (tak ing是表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞）I' ve never visited Paris.我從未參觀過巴黎。I've already been to P aris.我已經(jīng)去過巴黎了。.選擇填空1. Mike: have you lear ned somethi ng unexplaine

16、d before?Joh n: Yes, I a research on an unexplained fact 6 years ago in my hometow n.A. make B. made C. have bee n mak ingD. have made2. Mr. White works as a lawyer now, but he as an actor for several years.A. worked B. has worked C. had worked D. had bee n worked3. Now that you a famous mou ntain c

17、limber, what are you going to do?A. have bee nB. areC. wereD. had bee n4. Miss. Zhang: I am almost tired out.Miss. Hua ng: So you are. You on the docume nts all day.A. are worki ng B. have workedC. were worki ngD. have bee n work ing5. Tom: I _ere three days ago.An dy: What these days?A. got; did yo

18、u do B. have got; have you doneC. had got; will you do D. got; have you bee n doing6. Annie: I ' m sorry to keep you waiting.Michael: Oh, not at all. I here only a few minu tes.A. have bee nB. had bee nC. wasD. will be7. You don ' t need to describe her. I her several times.A. had met B. hav

19、e met C. met D. meet 8. Ted: I came to Can ada last autu mn. What about you, Jim?Jim: I ere for about half a year, and I miss my family very much.A. comeB. cameC. have comeD. have bee n9. It is said in the book that Thomas Edis on (1847-1934) the world leadi ng inven tor for about sixty years.A. wou

20、ld be B. has bee nC. was D. had bee n10. Billy: _he sport meet ing might be put off.P aul: Yes, it all depends on the weather.A. I ' ve been toldB. I ' ve told C. I ' m told D. I told11. Joh nson: What bad luck that we the football match in the last 3 mi nu tes.A. had lost; trainedThomas

21、: Esp ecially whe n weso hard in the p ast years.B. were los ing; had rainedC. have lost; have trainedD. lost; have bee n training12. Melissa: Hi, Mary. It ' s nice hearing from you.Mary: I coming to visit you but too much work p reve nts me fromdoing so.A. had thought ofB. thought ofC. have bee

22、 n thinking ofD. have thought of13. Tom: Miss Jones music at Eton School for ten years.Sarah: No won der I ofte n hear her singing in her garde n.A. teachers B. used to teach C. is teach ing D. has bee n teach ing14. Tracy: I thi nk the waitress must have forgotte n us. we here forover half an hour

23、and n obodyour order yet.Joh n: I supp ose you are right.A. have bee n wait ing; has take nB. have bee n wait ing; tookC. have bee n waited; has take nD. have waited; took15. The students don' t want to have their supper until theythejrexp erime nt.A. fini shed B. have fini shedC. had fini shed

24、D. will finish16. I p lay ping-pong quite well, but Itime to p lay since the new year.A. havent B. don t haveC. haven ' t had D. don ' t have had17. By now stude nts in Grade One1,700 English words and phrases.C. lear nedD. lear nA. should lear nB. have lear ned18. I my history this time yes

25、terday. Now I all my work for today.A. reviewed; had doneB. was review ing; had doneC. was review ing; have done D. reviewed; have done19. I nexplained thi ngs rece ntly and I eve nsome writi ng.A. have bee n research ing; have started B. have researched; had startedC. have bee n research ing; have

26、bee n start ing D. have bee n researched;have started 20. Tom: Where have you bee n? I you the whole day.Kate: I was in the library readi ng magaz ines.B. had tele phonedA. have bee n tele phoningC. tele phonedD. was tele phoned21. The boss _et whe n and where to take her p aid holiday.A. has decide

27、d B. didn ' t decide C. hasn ' t decided D. hadn ' t decided22. Jane: How are you today?Ben: Oh, I _ is ill in a long time.'t know whetherA. didn ' t feel B. wasn ' t feelingC. don ' t feel D. haven ' t felt23. Shirley _a book about China last year but I don she has f

28、ini shed it.A. has writte n B. wrote C. had writte n D. was writi ng24. P eter: Hi, Tracy, you look tried.Tracy: I am tired. I the livi ng room all day.A. pain ted B. had pain ted C. have bee n pain ti ng D. have pain ted25. I don ' t really work here. I until the new secretary arrives.A. just h

29、elp outB. have just help outC. am just helping out D. will just help out26. The p rice _but I am not sure whether it will go up aga intomorrow.A. went dow nB. will go dow nC. has gone dow nD. was goingdow n27. I won der why Jennyus rece ntly. We should have heard from herby now.A. hasn ' t writt

30、en B. doesn't write C. won ' t write D. hadn ' twritte n28. The high build ing is rep orted todow n last mon th.A. be torn B. have bee n tornC. tear D. have torn29. - Who is Jerry Coo per? I saw you shak ing hands with hem at the meeti ng.A. Don ' t you meet him yet B. Didn ' t y

31、ou meet him yetC. Haven ' t you met him yet D. Hadn ' t you met him yet30. I y washi ng mach ine the whole mornin g. I must get t donebefore noon.A. have rep airedB. am rep airi ngC. will rep airD. have bee nrep airi ng31. I got frighte ned in the earthquake not long ago. Iwell since the n.A. haven ' t been sleepingB. haven ' t sleepC. didn ' t sleep D.don ' t sleep32. Exp erts _ r Yetis in the Himalayas for years,