精品牛津7AU1語(yǔ)法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)講解及練習(xí)

1、15語(yǔ)法講解（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和 be動(dòng)詞）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，或說(shuō)MWWWWWMWWWkWWWWWVW NHFWWVWVVVWWMWWVMWWWMW WWMWWWWWH*WVnHHHHnMHHHiiWWWWWWWWWWMMWWWWWWWWWWV>VW«. 明主語(yǔ)的特征。（1） 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)（非三單）+動(dòng)詞（原形）主語(yǔ)（三單）+動(dòng)詞（三單）（2）般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法： 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：表示頻度的畐U詞 always，often，usually，sometimes 等。探 on Sun days

2、， on Mon day after noon ， every day ， in the morning ， every year等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。探 once a year, twice a mon th, three times a week之類的表示頻率的詞組。He often plays女口： He gets up at five o 'lock every day. football. 表示客觀真理、事實(shí)、人的技能或現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)時(shí)句子里一般不用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如：The earth turns round the sun.（ 地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)）Light travels faster tha

3、n sound.（ 光傳播比聲音快） 表示十分確定會(huì)發(fā)生（如安排好的事情）或按照時(shí)間表進(jìn) 行的（將要發(fā)生的）事情，用一般現(xiàn)在可以表達(dá)將來(lái)，句子中 可以有將來(lái)時(shí)間。如: The train for Haikou leaves at 8: 00 in the morning.（ 開(kāi)往漢口的列車上午8點(diǎn)開(kāi)車） 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中（以 when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引導(dǎo)）和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中（以if,unless引導(dǎo)）,用一 般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)，句子可以有將來(lái)時(shí)間。女口： Please ring me up as soon as you ar

4、rive in Germany.（你一至卩德國(guó)就給我打電話）/ If it rains tomorrow, we will have to stay at home.（如果明天下雨我們就只好呆在家）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用于倒裝句中可以表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，動(dòng)詞以 come, go 為主。如： Here comes the bus.（ 車來(lái)了 ） /There goes the bell.（ 鈴響了）。般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中be的用法:2.1 be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)be動(dòng)詞是系動(dòng)詞的一種，表示"是"的意思?，F(xiàn)在式(The Present Forms)有am ,is , are三種。這三種動(dòng)詞的原形是b

5、e，所以它們稱為 be動(dòng)詞。2.1.1 be 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在式be動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在式有 am , is , are三種，分別接在不同人稱的主語(yǔ)之后:人稱主語(yǔ)be胡詞中文意第-人吒SIweamXL BMTE我們是第二人稱'單數(shù)youyonarcaxe你是 你們是第=稱(男性)(女性)(其他) 理數(shù)hashe it theyisISisax卑他是 她是 它是 他們是2.1.2 be動(dòng)詞句型的構(gòu)成肯定句：主語(yǔ)+ be動(dòng)詞(am/is/are).否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be動(dòng)詞(am/is/are)+not.疑問(wèn)句：be動(dòng)詞(am/is/are )+ 主語(yǔ).？疑問(wèn)代詞/疑問(wèn)副詞 + be動(dòng)詞(am/is/are

6、 )+主語(yǔ).?2.1.3 be動(dòng)詞的肯定句句型：主語(yǔ) + be動(dòng)詞be動(dòng)詞的肯定句由主語(yǔ)+ be動(dòng)詞（am/is/are ） +表語(yǔ)"構(gòu)成：I am a doctor.我是一名醫(yī)生。Mary is at work. 瑪麗在工作。You are my only frie nd.你是我惟一的朋友。2.1.4 be動(dòng)詞的否定句句型：主語(yǔ) + be 動(dòng)詞（am/is/are ）+ not.be動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的否定句結(jié)構(gòu)，是在be動(dòng)詞am， is，are之后加not :We aren't her classmates.我們不是她的同班同學(xué)。I'm not Tom.我不是湯姆。（

7、rm 是I am 的縮寫，讀作/aim/ 。）be動(dòng)詞否定句的縮寫方式：is not的縮寫是isn't，讀作/ ' iznt/ are not 的縮寫是 aren't，讀作/a : nt/ ; I am 的 否定句是I am not ，縮寫為rm not；am not 不縮寫在一起。2.1.5 be動(dòng)詞的一般疑問(wèn)句句型：be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ).？回答方式：Yes，主語(yǔ) + be 動(dòng)詞（am/is/are ）.No，主語(yǔ) + be 動(dòng)詞（am/is/are ）+ not.be動(dòng)詞的一般疑問(wèn)句是將be動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)之前（大寫 am/is/are的第一個(gè)字母），在句尾加問(wèn)號(hào)；這種語(yǔ)序是

8、主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)倒裝語(yǔ)序：肯定句：They are fruit.它們是水果。疑問(wèn)句：Are they fruit? 它們是水果嗎？（主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)倒裝）肯定句：The book is on the table.書(shū)在桌子上。（主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)倒裝）疑問(wèn)句：Is the book on the table?書(shū)是在桌子上嗎？回答由be動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，肯定要用Yes，否定用No :Are you John's brother? Yes , I am.你是約翰的兄弟嗎 ？是的，我是。Are Mary and John still at school? No , they are not.瑪麗和約翰仍在學(xué)校嗎

9、 ？不，不在了。Are you there? 喂，你聽(tīng)著嗎？（打電話時(shí)用）【注意】 Yes或No的后面一定要加逗號(hào)，其后的主語(yǔ)小寫，I （我）除外。I永遠(yuǎn)大寫。在回答句子時(shí)，主語(yǔ)必須是代詞。2.1.6 be動(dòng)詞的特殊疑問(wèn)句句型：疑問(wèn)代詞（主語(yǔ)）+ be動(dòng)詞（am/is/are ） .?疑問(wèn)代詞/疑問(wèn)副詞 + be動(dòng)詞（am/is/are ）+主語(yǔ)？用who和how等疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞與 be動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的疑問(wèn)句稱為特殊疑問(wèn)句。 就主語(yǔ)提 問(wèn)時(shí)，如果主語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)代詞或是帶有疑問(wèn)限定詞的名詞詞組，如What number is.? （什么數(shù)字是 ? ） , Which boy likes.?（哪個(gè)男孩喜

10、歡 ? ） , Whose car is.? （誰(shuí)的車是?）等，將疑問(wèn)代詞或帶有疑問(wèn)限定詞的名詞詞組置于be動(dòng)詞之前（am , is ,are的第一個(gè)字母無(wú)需大寫），在句尾加問(wèn)號(hào)；這種語(yǔ)序是陳述句語(yǔ)序。就表語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)，則以一個(gè)疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞開(kāi)頭，之后是“ be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)."（am , is , are的第一個(gè)字母無(wú)需大寫），在句尾加問(wèn)號(hào)；這種語(yǔ)序是主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)倒裝語(yǔ)序。be動(dòng)詞的特殊疑問(wèn)句不能用Yes或No來(lái)回答：who “誰(shuí)”:Who is there? 誰(shuí)在那里？（就主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)）Who is she? She is my mother. 她是誰(shuí)？她是我母親。（就表語(yǔ)提問(wèn)）Who a

11、re they? They are John' s classmates他們是誰(shuí)？他們是約翰的同學(xué)。what （指某一或某種未知的事物或人）什么”What are these? These are books.這些是什么？這些是書(shū)。What are they? They are sailors.他們是干什么的 ？他們是海員。What is Susan like?蘇珊是什么樣的人？ /蘇珊的人品如何？（就介詞賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn)）whose '誰(shuí)的"：Whose house is this? The house is Jane's.這是誰(shuí)的房子？是簡(jiǎn)的房子。Whose ar

12、e these shoes? They are Tom's. 這些是誰(shuí)的鞋子 ？是湯姆的鞋子。which 哪一個(gè)、哪一些”：Which of these books is yours?這些書(shū)中哪一本是你的 ？Which is heavier , iron or copper?鐵和銅，哪一個(gè)更重 ？where在哪里”：Where is he? He's upstairs/at home/in the office.他在哪里？他在樓上 / 在家里/在辦公室。Where are John and Tom? They are at school. 約翰和湯姆在哪里 ？他們?cè)趯W(xué)校。how

13、 "怎樣、如何"：How is Helen? She is very well , thank you. 海倫好嗎？她很好，謝謝您。How old is your son now?How is the weather today?氣很好。He is fifteen.你兒子多大年紀(jì)了 ？他15歲了。The weather is nice today.今天天氣怎樣？一一今天天2.1.7 There is/are的用法There is/are 用于表示某物或某人的存在。1. There is/are.的肯定句句型：There is/are +單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +表示地點(diǎn)/場(chǎng)所的詞或

14、短語(yǔ)：There's some one at the door to see you.門口有個(gè)人要見(jiàn)你。Where there is a will ， there is a way.有志者事竟成。There's a cool breeze this evening.今晚有涼爽的微風(fēng)。There are many flowers in the garde n.園子里有很多花。引導(dǎo)詞 真正的主語(yǔ) 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)There be 結(jié)構(gòu)為倒裝句，真正的主語(yǔ)是There is/are后的名詞，如上述例句。詳見(jiàn)第25章倒裝25.1完全倒裝。有的辭典將There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的There列為代詞，

15、作be的主語(yǔ)2. There is/are的否定句句型： There is/are + no t.There is/are的否定句是在is/are 后面加not :There isn't going to be a party toni ght.今晚沒(méi)有聚會(huì)。There aren't any cakes left.沒(méi)有一點(diǎn)蛋糕剩下來(lái)。3. There is/are 的疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句句型：Is/Are there.?There is/are的一般疑問(wèn)句是將is/are 調(diào)到there前面，大寫is/are 的第一個(gè)字母:Is there any thi ng you want

16、to tell me?你有什么事情想告訴我嗎？Are there enough tools to go round?工具夠大家用嗎 ？特殊疑問(wèn)句句型：疑問(wèn)副詞+形容詞 +名詞+ is/are + there.? There is/are的特殊疑問(wèn)句是以疑問(wèn)副詞+形容詞+名詞等"開(kāi)頭，之后是“is/are + there? ”：How much are there? 有多少？How ma ny rooms are there in each flat?每套房子里有多少個(gè)房間？How many stude nts are there in your class?你班上有多少名學(xué)生 ?【注

17、意】There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)有時(shí)不用動(dòng)詞be，而用seem , appear等：似乎沒(méi)有人能回答我There appeared to be no one who could an swer our inq uiries. 們的詢問(wèn)。There appears to have bee n a n asty accide nt.似乎發(fā)生了一起嚴(yán)重事故。There seems (to be ) no doubt about it.此事似乎無(wú)可置疑。There don't seem to be any miss ing.好像沒(méi)有什么丟失了。2.1.8 Here 的句型句型：Here is

18、/are + 名詞.用于把某物給某人。主語(yǔ)為名詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞放在名詞之前；主語(yǔ)為代詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞放在代詞之后：Here are two boys.這里有兩個(gè)男孩。(名詞之前)Here is the book you want.你要的書(shū)在這里。Here is the pou nd I owe you.這是我欠你的英鎊。Here they/we are! 他們/我們終于到了 ！(代詞之后)但是：Here you are ( it is) . ( =Here is what you asked for.)你所要的東西在這里。/ 你找的東西在這里。此句型還可用于引起對(duì)某物或某人注意：Here comes th

19、e man ager.經(jīng)理來(lái)了。Here he comes.他來(lái)了。練習(xí)：1. The pla neover there.A. is B. are C.am D. was1. I(be) from Australia. 2. She(be) a stude nt.3. Jane and Tom(be) my frie nds.4. My pare nts(be) very busy every day.5. (be) there a Chin ese school in New York?6. (Be) they excited whe n he heard the n ews?7. Ther

20、e(be) some glasses on it.8. The twins (be) very happy.9. Our class (be) big, but their classes(be)small.10. The basketball club(be) excit ing and fun .11. The girl in red clothes(be) my sister .12. Lily ' s room (be) not very big .13. I(be) nice to meet you.14. Your n ame(be) nice.15. (be) you L

21、i Fen ? No, I (be) not .16. Mr. green very busy?Yes , he(be).17. (be) the apples very fresh ?18. You and I (be) good frie nds .19. His frie nds (be) very funny .20. There(be) a big playgro und in our school.二.仿照例句改寫下列句子。例句：She is in Class One, Grade Two.否定句： She is not in Class One, Grade Two.一般疑問(wèn)句：

22、Is she in Class One, Grade Two? 回答：Yes, she is. (No, she isn ' t)1. Bob is on the football team.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：回答：2. They are in the teacher ' s office.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：回答：二、用 am, is, are 填空1) I a stude nt. 2) Youa doctor.3)she from Jinan?4)you American ?5) Hein Class 4, Grade 1.6) Ita car.7) They cars

23、8) your mother in China?16 ). I a boy. you a boy? No, I not.17 ). The girl Jack 'ssister. 18). The dog tall and fat.19 ). The man with big eyes a teacher.20 ). your brother in the classroom?21 ). Where your mother? She at home.22 ). How your father?23 ). Mike and Liu Tao at school.24 ). Whose dr

24、ess this? 25). Whose socks they?26 ). That my red skirt. 27). Who I?28 ).The jeans on the desk. 29) .Here a scarf for you.30 ). Here some sweaters for you.31 ). The black gloves for Su Yang.32 ). This pair of gloves for Yang Ling.一、用 be 的適當(dāng)形式填空1.-How you? -I fine.2.I_ David,and my family name_ Green

25、.3. -What color _ your clock? -It_ white.4. -What_ this in English?-It_ an apple.5. Toy_my brother.Davidmy brother,too.They _ my brothers.6. Look!Theseapple trees.7. We good students and you good teacher.8. My sister and my brother students.9. there many eggs in the kitchen?10. your card number 5578

26、?11. Whereyour pen cils?12. Thses sweatersfifty dollars.13. How muchhis jacket?14. My brother ' s birthdayDecember 11th.15. WhenKate ' s birthday?16. Therea boy and two girls beside the gate.17. Five and threeeight.二、將下面的句子變成一般疑問(wèn)句并作出回答1. That is my football.三、將下面的句子變成否定句1. His card is on the

27、 table.第一單元綜合練習(xí)()1.He goes to school by bus, but he walksafter school.D. thes officeA. to homeB. homeC. his homehome()2. She likes. She is a good.A. swim, swimmi ngB. swimmi ng, swimmerC. swimmer, swimmi ngD. to swim, swim()3. I like readi ng. I ofte n go to.A. the classroomB. the Readi ng ClubC. th

28、e teacherD. the bus()4. - like talking on the phone with my friends.-.A. Me, too.B. You are right.C. Yes, I doD.I enjoy.( )5. Excuse me, do you say that in English?D.A. How B. WhoC. WhereWhat( )6. - Do you have a pencil?- .A. Yes, I can.B. Yes, I do.do.( )7. -Can I your new watch?-Sure.A. look atB.

29、look afterD. look like( )8. Jack doing his homework at eight.A. finish B. finishs don ' t finishC. No, I am not. D. No, IC. look forC. finishes D.A. Does, watching, doesD. Does, watch, doesB. Do, watch, doC. Do, watching, do( )10. He says “ ” to his parents before he goes to bed.A.Good eveningB.

30、 GoodbyeC. Going to bed()9.- the boys enjoythe World Cup?-Yes, theyD. Good night( ) 11. It' s too hot. You should your sunglasses.A. break cleanB. wearC. makeD.( ) 12. What Jack every Saturday?A. does, doB. do, doesC. do, do D. does, does( ) 13. My cousin is in .A. class 4, grade 7B. Class 4, Gr

31、ade 7C. grade7, class 4D. Grade 7, Class 4( )1 4. your brother good at playing football?A. AreB. IsC. DoD.Does()15. -Are you good frie nds?-.A. Yes, we are.B. No, I don ' t. C. Yes, I am.D. Yes,we aren 't()16. The girlglasses is my sister. Do you know her?No, Idon ' t.A. wearB. inC. withD. wears)17.-the boys enjoycarto ons?-Yes, they.A. Does, watchi ng, doesDoes, watch, doesB. Do, watch, doC. Do, watchi ng, doD.)18. I livemy familyShan ghai.A.