初中語法大全

1、初中英語語法大全語法網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖一. 名詞I.名詞的種類:專有名詞普通名詞國名地名人名,團體 機構(gòu)名稱可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞個體名詞集體名詞抽象名詞物質(zhì)名詞II.名詞的數(shù)：1. 規(guī)那么名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,一般在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或-eso現(xiàn)將構(gòu)成方法與讀音規(guī)那么列表如下：規(guī)那么例詞1一般情況在詞尾加-smap-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days2以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的名詞后加-esclass-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes3以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的詞變-f和-fe為v再加-esleaf-

2、leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves加-schief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs4以輔首字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i 加-esparty-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities5以巾字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,或?qū)Ｓ?名詞以y結(jié)尾的,加-stoy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys6以輔首字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞一般加-esNegro-Negroes, her

3、o-heroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes不少外來詞加-spiano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos四名皆可zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos7以n字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-sradio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos8以-th結(jié)尾的名詞加-struth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,2. 不規(guī)那么名詞復(fù)數(shù)：英語里有些名

4、詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)那么的,現(xiàn)歸納如下:規(guī)那么例詞1改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice2單復(fù)數(shù)相同sheep, deer, means, works, fish, yuan, jin,3只有復(fù)數(shù)形式trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses,4一些集體名詞總是用作復(fù)數(shù)people, police5局部集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)整體 也可以作復(fù)數(shù)成員class, family, crowd, couple, group, government, popula

5、tion, team, public, party6夏數(shù)形式表示特力1J含義customs海關(guān),times時代,spirits情緒, drinks飲料,sands沙灘,papers文件報紙, looks外表,brains頭腦智力,greens青菜7表小“某國人加-sAmericans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans單復(fù)數(shù)同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese以-man 或-woman 結(jié)尾的改 為-men,-womenEnglishmen, Frenchwomen8合成名 詞將主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)

6、數(shù)sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends無主體名詞時將最后一局部 變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches將兩局部變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)women singers, men servantsIII.名詞的所有格：名詞在句中表示所有關(guān)系的語法形式叫做名詞所有格.所有格分兩種：一是名詞詞尾加 構(gòu)成,二是由介詞 of加名詞構(gòu)成.前者多表示有生命的東西,后者多表示無生命的東西.1. '所有格的構(gòu)成:單數(shù)名詞在末尾加sthe boy ' s father, Jack '

7、s book, her lson' s photo,復(fù)數(shù)名詞一般在末尾加the teachers ' room, the twins ' mother,不規(guī)那么復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加sthe children ' s toys, women ' s rights,以s結(jié)尾的人名所有格加或者Dickens ' novels, Charles ' s job, the Smiths ' ho表示各自的所有關(guān)系時,各名詞末尾 均須加SJapan ' s and America ' s problems, Jane ' s

8、ar bikes表示共有的所有關(guān)系時在最后一詞 末加SJapan and America ' s problems, Jane and Mary表示"某人家"店鋪,所有格 后名詞省略the doctor ' s, the barber ' s, the tailor' sused Mary ' s's father,my uncle2.'所有格的用法:1表示時間today ' s newspaper, five weeks ' holiday2表示自然現(xiàn)象the earth ' s atmosp

9、here, the benches ' s3表示國家城市等地方的the country ' s plan, the world' s population, Chinas industry名詞4表示工作群體the ship's crew, majority's view, the team' s 5表示度量衡及價值a mile 's journey, five dollars' worth of apples6與人類活動有特殊關(guān)系 的名詞the life's time, the pplot's7某些固定詞組a bi

10、rd ' 措)s eye view, a stone's throw, at one不知所 s ictoryvits end(3. of所有格的用法：用于無生命的東西:the legs of the chair, the cover of the book用于有生命的東西,尤其是有較長定語時：the classrooms of the first-year students用于名詞化的詞: the struggle of the oppressed二. 冠詞冠詞分為不定冠詞(a, an),定冠詞(the),和零冠詞.I.不定冠詞的用法:1才孑-類人或事,相當可a kind of

11、A plane is a machine that can fly.2第一次提及某人某物,非特指A boy is waiting for you.3表示“每一相當于every, oneWe study eight hours a day.4表小相問相丁the sameWe are nearly of an age.5用于人名前,表示不熟悉此人或與A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事That boy is rather a Lei Feng.6用于固定詞組中A couple of, a bit, once upon

12、 a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7用于 quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.8用于so(as, too, how)+形谷詞之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.II. 定冠詞的用法:1表示某一類人或物The horse is a useful animal.2用于世上獨一無二的事物名詞前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3表示說

13、話雙方都了解的或上文提到過 的人或事Would you mind opening the door?4用于樂器前面play the violin, play the guitar5用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人the reach, the living, the wounded6表示“一家人或“夫婦the Greens, the Wangs7用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級最高 級前He is the taller of the two children.8用于國家黨派等以及江河湖海,山川群 島的名詞前the United States, the Communist Party of China,

14、the French9用于表示創(chuàng)造物的單數(shù)名詞前The compass was invented in China.10在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前,指世紀的某個 年代in the 1990' s11用于表示單位的名詞前I hired the car by the hour.12用于方位名詞,身體部位名詞,及表示 時間的詞組前He patted me on the shoulder.III.零冠詞的用法:1專有名詞,物質(zhì)名詞,抽象名詞,人名 地名等名詞前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air2名詞前有 this, my, whose, some,

15、no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?3季節(jié),月份,星期,節(jié)假日,一日三餐 刖March, Sunday, National Day, spring4表示職位,身份,頭銜的名詞前Lincoln was made President of America.5學科,語言,球類,棋類名詞前He likes playing football/chess.6與by連用表示交通工具的名詞前by train, by air, by land7以and連接的兩個相對的名詞并用時husband and wi

16、fe, knife and fork, day and night8表示泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前Horses are useful animals.三. 代詞I.代詞可以分為以下七大類:1人稱代詞主格I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they賓格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them2物主代詞形容詞性my, your, his, her, its, our, their名詞性mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs3反身代詞myself, yourself, himself, herself, its

17、elf, ourselves, yourselves, themselves4指示代詞this, that, these, those, such, some5疑問代詞who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever6關(guān)系代詞that, which, who, whom, whose, as7不定代詞one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little,other/ another, all/ both, neither

18、/ eitherII. 不定代詞用法注意點:1. one, some 與 any:1) one可以泛指任何人,也可特指,復(fù)數(shù)為 one& some多用于肯定句,any多用于疑問句和 否認句.One should learn to think of others.Have you any bookmarks? No, I don ' t have any bookmarks.I have some questions to ask.2) some可用于疑問句中,表示盼望得到肯定的答復(fù),或者表示建議,請求等.Would you like some bananas?Could you

19、 give me some money?3) some和any修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時,some表示某個,any表示任何一個.I have read this article in some magazine.Please correct the mistakes, if any.4) some和數(shù)詞連用表示"大約,any可與比較級連用表示程度.There are some 3,000 students in this school.Do you feel any better today?2. each 和 every:each強調(diào)個別,代表的數(shù)可以是兩個或兩個以上,而every強調(diào)整體

20、,所指的數(shù)必須是三個或三個以上.Each student has a pocket dictionary. / Each (of us) has a dictionary. / We each have a dictionary.Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak points.3. none 和 no：no等于not any,作定語.none作主語或賓語,代替不可數(shù)名詞,謂語用單數(shù),代替可數(shù)名 詞,謂語單復(fù)數(shù)皆可以.There is no water in the bo

21、ttle.How much water is there in the bottle? None.None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.4. other 和 another:1) other 泛指"另外的,別的"常與其他詞連用,如：the other day, every other week, some otherreason, no other way,the other特指兩者中的另外一個,復(fù)數(shù)為 the others.如：He held a book in one hand and his note

22、s in the other.Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.2) another指"又一個,另一個無所指,復(fù)數(shù)形式是others,泛指"別的人或事如：I don ' t like this shirt, please show me another (one).The trousers are too long, please give me another pair / some others.Some like football, while others

23、 like basketball.5. all 和 both, neither 和 eitherall表示不可數(shù)名詞時,其謂語動詞用單數(shù).both和all加否認詞表示局部否認,全部否認用neither 和 none.All of the books are not written in English. / Not all of the books are written in English.Both of us are not teachers. / Not both of us are teachers. / Either of us is a teacher.四. 形容詞和副詞I.形容

24、詞：1.形容詞的位置：1形容詞作定語通常前置,但在以下情況后置:1修飾 some, any, every, no 和 body, thing, one 等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時nobody absent, everything possible2以-able, -ible結(jié)尾的形谷詞可置于有最局級或 修飾的名詞之后onlythe best book available, the only solution possible3alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep 等可以后置the only person awake4和空間、時間、單位連用時a bridge 50 m

25、eters long5成對的形容訶可以后置a huge room simple and beautiful6形容詞短語一般后置a man difficult to get on with2多個形容詞修飾同一個名詞的順序:代詞數(shù)詞性狀形容詞冠詞 前的 形容 詞冠詞指示代詞不定代詞代詞所有格序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞性質(zhì)狀態(tài)大小形狀新舊溫度顏色國籍產(chǎn)地材料質(zhì)地名all both suchthe a this another yoursecond nextonefourbeautiful good poorlargeshortsquarenewcoolblack yellowChineseLondonsilk s

26、tone詞3復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成:1形容詞+名詞+edkind-hearted6名詞+形容詞world-famous2形容詞+形容詞dark-blue7名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞peace-loving3形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞ordinary-looking8名詞+過去分詞snow-covered4副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞hard-working9數(shù)詞+名詞+edthree-egged5副詞+過去分詞newly-built10數(shù)詞+名詞twenty-year副詞的分類:1時間副 詞soon, now, early, finally, once, recently5頻度副詞always, often, frequently,

27、seldom, never2地點副 詞here, nearby, outside, upwards, above6疑問副詞how, where, when, why3方式副 詞hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really7連接副詞how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile4程度副 詞almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather8關(guān)系副詞when, where, whyIII. 形容詞和副詞比較等級：形容詞和副詞的比較等級分為原級,比較級和最高級.比較級和

28、最高級的構(gòu)成一般是在形容詞和副詞后加-er和-est,多音節(jié)和一些雙音節(jié)詞前加more和most.1. 同級上匕較時常常用 as - as 以及 not so(as) -魏： I am not so good a player as you are.2. 可以修飾比較級的詞有:much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, agreat deal.3. 表示一方隨另一方變化時用" the more - the more 甸型.如：The harder you work, the more

29、progress you will make.4. 用比較級來表達最高級的意思.如:I have never spent a more worrying day.5. 表示倍數(shù)的比較級有如下幾種句型：Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of yours.6. 表示"最高程度"的形容詞沒有最高級和比較級.如：favourite, excellent, extreme,

30、perfect o五. 介詞I.介詞分類:1簡單介詞about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on2合成介詞inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without3短語介詞according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to4雙重介詞from among, from behind, from under, t

31、ill after, in between5分詞轉(zhuǎn)化成的介 詞considering就而論,including6形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化成的 介詞like, unlike, near, next, oppositeII.常用介詞區(qū)別:1表示時間的in, on, atat表示片刻的時間,in表示一段的時間,on總是與日子有關(guān)2表小時間的 since, fromsince指從過去到現(xiàn)在的一段時間,和元成時連用,from指從時間的某一點開始3表示時間的in, afterin指在一段時間之后,after表示某一具體時間點之后或用在過 去時的一段時間中4表示地理位置的in, on,toin表示在某范圍內(nèi),on指與什么

32、毗鄰,to指在某環(huán)境范圍之外5表小在.上 的on, inon只表示在某物的外表上,in表小占去某物 局部6表示“穿過的through, acrossthrough從內(nèi)部通過,與in有關(guān),across表示在外表上通過,與on有關(guān)7表示關(guān)于的 about,onabout指涉及到,on指專門論述8between 與 among 的區(qū)別between表示在兩者之間,among用于二者或二者以上的中間9besides 與 except 的區(qū)另Ubesides指"除了還有再加上,except指"除了,減去什 么",不放在句首10表示用的in, withwith表小具體的工具,

33、in表示材料,方式,方法,度里,單位, 語日,尸3宜11as與like的區(qū)別as為 作為,以 地位或身份,like為 象一樣,指 情形相似12in與into區(qū)別in通常表示位置靜態(tài),into表示動向,不表示目的地或位 置六. 動詞I.動詞的時態(tài)：1. 動詞的時態(tài)一共有16種,以ask為例,將其各種時態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式列表如下:現(xiàn)在時過去時將來時過去將來時一般ask / asksaskedshall/will askshould/would ask進行am/is/are askingwas/were askingshall/will be askingshould/would be asking完成h

34、ave/has askedhad askedshall/will have askedshould/would have asked完成進 行have/has been askinghad been askingshall/will have been askingshould/would have been asking2.現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別：1現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀況,但和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系,強調(diào)的是對現(xiàn)在造成 的影響或結(jié)果,它不能同表示過去的時間狀語連用,漢譯英時可加“已經(jīng)等詞.簡言之, 利用過去,說明現(xiàn)在.如：I have already read the novel

35、 written by the world-famous writer. 已經(jīng)看過, 且了 食軍這本書的內(nèi) 容2 一般過去時只表示過去發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài),和現(xiàn)在無關(guān),它可和表示過去的時間狀語連 用,漢譯英時可加“過,“了等詞.簡言之,僅談過去,不關(guān)現(xiàn)在.如：I read the novel last month.只說明上個月看了,不涉及現(xiàn)在是否記住I lived in Beijing for ten years.只說明在北京住過十年,與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)3. 現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時的區(qū)別：兩者都可以表示“從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,在含義上如著重表示動作的結(jié)果時,多用現(xiàn)在完成時,如著重表示動作一直在進行

36、,即動作的延續(xù)性時,那么多用現(xiàn)在完成進行時.一 般不能用于進行時的動詞也不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時.I have read that book .我讀過那本書了.I have been reading that book all the morning. 我早上一直在讀那本書.4. 一般將來時的表達方式：將來時用法例句1will/shall+ 動詞原 形表示將來發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)My sister will be ten next year.2be going to+ 動詞原形含有“打算,方案,即將做杲事, 或表示很有口能要發(fā)生杲事It ' s going to clear up.We

37、 re going to have a party tonight.3be + doing 進行時表示將來go, come, start, move, leave, arrive 等十可可用進行時表示按方案即將發(fā)生的 動作He is moving to the south.Are they leaving for Europe?4be about to + 動詞原形表示安排或方案中的馬上就要發(fā)生的 動作,后面一般不跟時間狀語I was about to leave when the bell rang.The meeting is about to close.5be to +動詞原形表小按方

38、案進行或征求對方息見We re to meet at the school gate at noon.6一般現(xiàn)在時表示將 來時刻表上或日程安排上早就定好的事 情,可用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來The meeting starts at five o' clock.The plane leaves at ten this evening.II.動詞的被動語態(tài):常用被動語 態(tài)構(gòu)成常用被動語 態(tài)構(gòu)成1一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are asked6過去進行時was/were being asked2一般過去時was/were asked7現(xiàn)在完成時have/has been asked3一般將來時shal

39、l/will be asked8過去完成時had been asked4過去將來時should/would be asked9將來完成時will/would have been asked5現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are being asked10含有情態(tài)動 詞的can/must/may be asked注被動語態(tài)的否正式是在第一個助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后加not,短語動詞的被動態(tài)不可漏掉意事項其中介副詞.固定結(jié)構(gòu) begoing to, used to, have to, had better變?yōu)楸粍討B(tài)時,只需將其后的動詞變?yōu)楸粍討B(tài).如：Trees should not be planted in

40、summer. / The boy was made fun of by his classmates. Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl.漢語有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語,在英語中一般可用被動結(jié)構(gòu)表示.如：It is believed thatIt is generally considered that-It is said thatIt is well known thatIt must be pointed out thatIt is supposed thatIt is reported thatIt must be adm

41、itted that-It is hoped that -下面主動形式常表示被動意義：如：The window wants/needs/requires repairing.The book is worth reading twice.The door won ' t shut. / The play won' t act.The clothes washes well. / The book sells well.The dish tastes delicious. / Water feels very cold.下面詞或短語沒有被動態(tài)：leave, enter, reac

42、h, become, benefit, cost, equal, contain, last, lack, fit, fail, have, appear, happen, occur, belong to, take place, break out, come about, agree with, keep up with, consist of, have on, lose heart 等等七. 情態(tài)動詞I.情態(tài)動詞根本用法:情態(tài)動詞用法否認式疑問式與簡答cancould水平體力,智力,技能 允許或許可口語中常用 可能性表猜測,用于否認句 或疑問句中can not / cannot /c

43、an docouldn ' t doCan doYes, - can.No, can ' t.maymight可以問句中表示請求 可能,或許表推測 祝愿用于倒裝句中may not domight not domust必須,應(yīng)該表主觀要求肯定,想必肯定句中表推測must not/mustn 'May do- ? Yes, - may. No,mustn ' t/can ' t.Might do- ? Yes, - mic No,might not.htMust do- ? Yes, - t doNo,needn ' t/don 've to

44、.have to只好,不得不客觀的必須, 有時態(tài)人稱變化don ' t have to doDohave to do ?Yes, - do.No, don ' t.ought to應(yīng)當表示義務(wù)責任,口語中多用shouldought not to/oughtn to doOpght to do ? Yes, - ought. No, oughtn ' t.shall將要,會用r-三人稱征求對方意見 用于一二人和、表示許詁、叩 令、警告、威脅等shall not/shan' t iShall - do - ? dYes, - shall.No,shan '

45、t.should應(yīng)當,應(yīng)該表義務(wù)責任 本該含有責備意味should not/shouldn do1. t .- Should do?will意愿,決心請求,建議,用在1可句中 would 比較委婉will not/won ' t doWill do -?Yes, -will.No,won' t.wouldwould not/wouldn ' dodare敢常用于否認句和疑問句 中dare not/daren ' t iDare do doYes, - dare. No, - darenneed必須常用于否認句和疑問句 中need not/needn '

46、t iNeed do doYes, - must. No, - neednused to過去常?，F(xiàn)在已不再usednot/usedn ' t/usendodidn ' t use to doUsed-to do Yes, - used.'Ntog - use(d)n ' t.Did - use to do ?Yes, - did.No, didn ' t.,t.,t.II.情態(tài)動詞 must, may, might, could, can 表示推測：以must為例.must + dobe是推測現(xiàn)在存在的一般狀態(tài)進行；must + be doing推測可能

47、正在進行的事情；must +have done是推測可能已經(jīng)發(fā)生過的事情.1. must “肯定,一定"語氣強,只用于肯定句中.He must be a man from America. / He must be talking with his friend. / He must have already arrived there.2. may和might "也許,后者語氣弱,更沒有把握.可用于肯定句和否認句.He may not be at home. / They might have finished their task.3. can和could "

48、可能,could表示可疑的可能性,不及 can '語氣強,用于肯定、否認、疑 問句中.The weather in that city could be cold now.We could have walked there; it was so near.推測某事本來可能發(fā)生,但實際上沒有發(fā)生Can he be in the office now? No, he can' t be there, for I saw him in sh nowra墻何彳艮強,常用于疑問句和否認句中III .情態(tài)動詞注意點：1. can和be able to:都可以表示水平.但be able t

49、o可以表達"某事終于成功",而can無法表達此意.Be able to有更多的時態(tài).另外,兩者不能重疊使用.2. used to 和 would:used to表示過去常常做現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再有的習慣,而 would只表示過去的習慣或喜好,不涉及現(xiàn)在.3. need和dare作情態(tài)動詞和實義動詞的區(qū)別：兩者作情態(tài)動詞時常用于否認句和疑問句.其形式為：needn' t/daren ' * dteed/dare-do做實義動詞時可用于肯定句,否認句和疑問句.其形式為：need(needs/needed)/dare(dares/dared)to do, don '

50、; t(doesn ' t/didn ' t) need/dare to do八. 非謂語動詞I.非謂語動詞的分類、意義及構(gòu)成:非謂語形式構(gòu)成特征和作用時態(tài)和語態(tài)否認式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不定式to doto be doingto havedoneto be doneto have beendone在非謂語前加notfor sb. to do sth.具有名詞,副詞和形容詞的作 用在句中做主、賓、定、表和狀 語分詞現(xiàn)在分 詞doing having donebeing done having been done具有副詞和形容詞的作用 在句中做定、表、賓補和狀語過去分詞done動名詞doin

51、g having donebeing done having been donesb' s doin具有名詞的作用在句中做主、賓、定和表語II.做賓語的非謂語動詞比較:情況常用動詞只接不7E式做兵 語的動詞hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen只接動名詞做賓 語的動詞或短語mind, miss, enjoy, imagine, practise, suggest, finish, escape,

52、 excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, keep, dislike, avoid, risk, resist, considercan ' t help, feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engagec in, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be afraid of, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be w

53、orth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to兩者意義根本相 同begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue (接不定式多指具體的動作,接 動名詞多指一般或習慣行為)都可 以need, want, require 接動名詞主動形式表示被動啟、義,右接不te式那么應(yīng)用 被動形式意義相反stop to do停止手中事,去做另一件事stop doing 停止正在做的事意義不同remember/forget/regret to do 指動作尚未發(fā)生remember/forget/regret doing 指動作已經(jīng)

54、發(fā)生go on to do 接著做另外一件事go on doing 接著做同一件事try to do 設(shè)法,努力去做,盡力try doing 試試去做,看有何結(jié)果mean to do 打算做,企圖做 mean doing 啟、識是,啟、味著can ' t help to d.不能幫助做can ' t help doing忍不住要做III. 非謂語動詞做賓語補足語的區(qū)別:常見動詞與賓語的邏輯關(guān)系及時間 概念例句不定式ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want, wish, encourage主謂關(guān)系.強調(diào)動作將發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成I heard him call me several times.have, notice, see, watch, hear, feel, let, make現(xiàn)在分詞notice, see, watch, hear, find, keep, have, feel主謂關(guān)系.強調(diào)動作正在進 行,尚未完成I found her