第二部分詞義猜測(cè)題

1、考點(diǎn)13詞義猜測(cè)之猜測(cè)詞義題真題解密When I was 12，all I wanted was a signet(圖章) ring.They were the “in” thing and it seemed every girl except me had one.On my 13th birthday，my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials(姓名首字母) carved into it.I was in heaven.What made it even more special was that it was about the only

2、 thing that wasnt being “replaced”Wed been burnt out in fires that swept through our area earlier that year and had lost everythingso most of the “new” stuff(東西) we got was really just to replace what wed lost.But not my ring.My ring was new.Then，only one month later，I lost it.I took it off before b

3、ed and it was missing in the morning.I was sad and searched everywhere for it.But it seemed to have disappeared.Eventually，I gave up and stopped looking for it.And two years later，we sold the house and moved away.Years passed，and a couple of moves later，I was visiting my parents when Mum told me tha

4、t she had something for me.It wasnt my birthday，nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other gift­giving occasion.Mum noticed my questioning look.“Youll recognize this one，” she said，smiling.Then she handed me a small ring box.I took it from her and opened it to find my beautiful signet ring ins

5、ide.The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations，which included replacing the carpets.When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom，they found the ring.As it had my initials carved into it，they realized who owned the ring.Theyd had it professi

6、onally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother.And it still fits me.(2013·福建，A)56The underlined word “in” in the first paragraph probably means “_”Afashionable BavailableCpractical Drenewable答案A解析詞義猜測(cè)題。從文中第一段的第一句“When I was 12，all I wanted was a signet ring.”以及第二句“.it seemed ever

7、y girl except me had one.”可知，除了作者外，其他女孩都有一枚戒指，所以答案為A項(xiàng)。57When she got the ring back，the writer was about _.A13 years old B15 years oldC26 years old D28 years old答案D解析數(shù)字推斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“On my 13th birthday，my Mum gave me a signet ring.”，第三段最后一句“And two years later，we sold the house and moved away.”和第六段第一句“

8、The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier.”可知作者13歲得到戒指，過了兩年她家賣了房子，房子賣了13年后，作者再次得到戒指，故D項(xiàng)符合。58Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AThe writers family moved several times.BThe writer never stopped looking for her ring.CThe writers ring was cleaned up by the new house owne

9、r.DThe writer lost her ring in the morning when she took it off.答案A解析信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Years passed，and a couple of moves later.”，可知作者搬了幾次家。其他選項(xiàng)均不符合原文。59What would be the best title for the passage?AMy New Ring BLost and FoundCLost and Replaced DAn Expensive Ring答案B解析標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講述了作者13歲生日時(shí)，作者的媽媽送給她一枚戒指

10、。但是，不幸的是，戒指丟了，過了15年竟然意外地被別人找到，所以B項(xiàng)正確。技巧歸納此類題目有的可利用構(gòu)詞法來解答，首先要弄明白構(gòu)詞法的三種形式：派生法、轉(zhuǎn)化法和合成法，高考閱讀理解題中的猜測(cè)詞義題主要集中表現(xiàn)為派生和合成兩種形式。有的題需要利用上下文的已知部分進(jìn)行推理；有的還需要依靠常識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)來猜測(cè)詞義；還有的可以根據(jù)定義、解釋和舉例猜測(cè)詞義。趁熱打鐵The light from the campfire brightened the darkness，but it could not prevent the damp cold of Denniss Swamp(沼澤地) creeping i

11、nto their bones.It was a strange place.Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jacks dare.They liked camping，but not near this swamp.“So，” Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals.“How did this place get its name？”“Are you sure you want to hear it? Its a scary story，” warned Jack.“Of

12、 course！” cried out Tom.“If there were anything to be scared of，you wouldnt have chosen this place！”“OK，but dont say I didnt warn you，” said Jack，and he began his tale.“Way back in time，a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here.He built that cottage over there to live in.In those days，the area

13、looked quite differentit was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal­clear river.After three hard years，Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops.He was so proud of his success that he refused to listen to advice.”“You are clearing too much land， warned one old man.The lan

14、d is a living thing.It will hit back at you if you abuse it.”“Silly fool， said Dennis to himself.If I clear more land，I can grow more crops.Ill become wealthier.Hes just jealous！”“Dennis continued to chop down trees.Small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed.He was so eage

15、r to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door.He did not notice salt seeping to the surface of the land.He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants.”“What happened？” Martin asked.It was growing colder.He trembled，twisting his body closer to th

16、e fire.“The land hit backjust as the old man warned，” Jack shrugged.“Dennis disappeared.Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater.His body was never found.”“What a stupid story，” laughed Tom.“Plants cant.” Before he had finished speaking，he sc

17、reamed and fainted(暈倒)The other two boys jumped up with fright，staring at Tom.Suddenly，they burst out laughing.Some green swamp ivy(常春藤) had covered Toms face.It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke.(2013·江西，A)56The underlined word “dare” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “_”A

18、courage BassistanceCinstruction Dchallenge答案D解析詞義猜測(cè)題。通過對(duì)上下文的理解可知，他們接受了Jack的挑戰(zhàn)，而來到這片沼澤地。57Why did Jack tell Tom and Martin the story?ATo frighten them.BTo satisfy their curiosity.CTo warn them of the danger of the place.DTo persuade them to camp in the swamp.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二、四段可知，Martin和Tom對(duì)沼澤地名字的由來感到很

19、好奇。58Why did Dennis ignore the warning of the old man?AThe old man envied him.BThe old man was foolish.CHe was too busy to listen to others.DHe was greedy for more crops.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“If I clear more land，I can grow more crops.Ill become wealthier.Hes just jealous！”可知，Dennis認(rèn)為，開墾更多的土地，就能種植更多的莊稼，他就會(huì)變

20、得更加富有。因此，D項(xiàng)正確。59Why did Tom scream and faint?AHe saw Denniss shadow.BHe was scared by a plant.CHis friends played a joke on him.DThe weather became extremely cold.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Some green swamp ivy(常春藤) had covered Toms face.”可知B項(xiàng)正確。60What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis?AGrasp all

21、，lose all.BNo sweat，no sweet.CIt is no use crying over spilt milk.DHe who makes no mistakes makes nothing.答案A解析推理判斷題。從Dennis的故事中，我們得到的教訓(xùn)是：貪多必失?？键c(diǎn)14詞義猜測(cè)之猜測(cè)短語題真題解密Many people think that listening is a passive business.It is just the opposite.Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and ha

22、rd work.It is because they do not realize this，or because they are not willing to do the work，that most people do not listen well.Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else.An essential part of listening well is the rule known as bracketingBracketing includes the temporary gi

23、ving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires，to experience as far as possible someone elses world from the inside，stepping_into_his_or_her_shoes.Moreover，since listening well involves bracketing，it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person.Sensing this acceptance，the sp

24、eaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener.True communication is under way.The energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.Most of the time we lack this energy.Even tho

25、ugh we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well，what we are usually doing is listening selectively.Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder，as we listen，how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible

26、or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us.Many of us are far more interested in talking than in listening，or we simply refuse to listen to what we dont want to hear.It wasnt until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently

27、 therapeutic(有療效的)In about a quarter of the patients I saw，surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of the psychotherapy(心理療法)，before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained.There are several reasons for this phenomenon，but chief among them，I believe，was the

28、patients sense that he or she was being truly listened to，often for the first time in years，and for some，perhaps for the first time ever.(2013·江西，C)66The phrase “stepping into his or her shoes” in Paragraph 2 probably means _.Apreparing a topic list firstBfocusing on ones own mindCdirecting the

29、 talk to the desired resultsDexperiencing the speakers inside world答案D解析詞義猜測(cè)題。stepping into his or her shoes意思是“設(shè)身處地地考慮別人的感受”，在本題中與D項(xiàng)的意思最為相符。67What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?AHow to listen well.BWhat to listen to.CBenefits of listening.DProblems in listening.答案A解析段落大意題。第二段分析的是listening well

30、所包含的要素，即how go listen well。68According to the author，in communication people tend to _.Alisten activelyBlisten purposefullyCset aside their prejudicesDopen up their inner mind答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder，as we listen，how we can achieve certain desired results to

31、 get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us.”可知B項(xiàng)正確。69According to the author，the patients improved mainly because _.Athey were taken good care ofBthey knew they were truly listened toCthey had partners to talk toDthey knew the roots of problems答案B

32、解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“.I believe，was the patients sense that he or she was being truly listened to，often for the first time in years，and for some，perhaps for the first time ever.”可知B項(xiàng)符合題意。70What type of writing is the article likely to be?AScience fiction. BA news report.CA medical report. DPopular science

33、.答案D解析文章類型題。文章主要介紹與listening well有關(guān)的知識(shí)，不屬于科幻小說，不屬于新聞報(bào)道，也不是醫(yī)學(xué)報(bào)告。故選D項(xiàng)。技巧歸納猜測(cè)短語題要利用出現(xiàn)短語的上文與其意義上的聯(lián)系或下文進(jìn)一步的敘述來猜測(cè)它的 意思或利用文章中所出現(xiàn)的與短語意思相反的內(nèi)容來猜測(cè)其語意。趁熱打鐵While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class，a monitor(監(jiān)控器) a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.Using a web c

34、amera equipped in Jennifers Los Angeles apartment，the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room.Her Internet access was lockedremotelyto prevent Internet searches，and her typing style was anal

35、yzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? Or was she slowing down?In the battle against cheating，this is the cutting_edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education.The technology gives trus

36、t to the entire system，to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating，experts say，can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are validthat students havent just searched the Internet to get the right answers.Although online classes h

37、ave existed for more than a decade，the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of “open online courses.” Private colleges，public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field，spending millions of dollars to attract potential students，whil

38、e also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.Aside from the web cameras，a number of other high­tech methods are becoming increasingly popular.Among them are programs that check students identities using personal information，such as the telephone numbers they once used.Other progr

39、ams can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones.As in many university classes，term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating

40、.(2013·廣東，D)41Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?ATo correct her typing mistakes.BTo find her secrets in the room.CTo prevent her from slowing down.DTo keep her from dishonest behaviors.答案D解析推理判斷題。由第三段第一句“In the battle against cheating.”可知，前面兩段對(duì)Jennifer在家考試受監(jiān)控器的監(jiān)控的具體描述是為了防止她作弊。42The und

41、erlined expression cutting edge in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “_”Aadvanced techniqueBsharpening tool Ceffective ruleDdividing line答案A解析詞義猜測(cè)題。由第二段的具體描述來看，這是防止作弊的先進(jìn)技術(shù)，另外，也可以從第五段第一句中的other high­tech methods(另外的高科技方法)得到啟示，故選A項(xiàng)。其他選項(xiàng)“磨銳刀具”、“有效的規(guī)則”、“分界線”都不合語境。43For Internet universities，exam

42、s and diplomas will be valid if _.Athey can attract potential studentsBthey can defeat academic cheatingCthey offer students online helpDthey offer many online courses答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段最后一句“Only with solid measures against cheating，experts say，can Internet universities show that their exams and diploma

43、s are valid.”可知，只有有了打擊作弊的強(qiáng)有力的措施，網(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)才能表明他們的考試和文憑是有效的。44Some programs can find out possible cheaters by _.Achecking the question answering speedBproducing a large number of questionsCscanning the Internet test questionsDgiving difficult test questions答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段第一句“.recognize possible cheaters b

44、y analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones.”可知，一些程序是通過分析答題的速度來判斷是否作弊，故選A項(xiàng)。45Which of the following is the best title of this passage?AThe Advantages of Online ExamsBThe High­tech Methods in Online CoursesCThe Fight Against Cheating in Online Educati

45、onDThe War Against the Booming of Online Education答案C解析標(biāo)題歸納題。選項(xiàng)A(在線考試的優(yōu)點(diǎn))文中無此內(nèi)容，應(yīng)排除；選項(xiàng)B(在線課程的高科技方法)的范圍過大，文中只提到防止作弊的高科技方法，應(yīng)排除；選項(xiàng)D(反對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育蓬勃發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng))與短文內(nèi)容不符，應(yīng)排除；全文都是介紹打擊網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育中考試作弊的方法和手段，故選C項(xiàng)?？键c(diǎn)15詞義猜測(cè)之猜測(cè)指代題真題解密Sparrow is a fast­food chain with 200 restaurants.Some years ago，the group to which Sparrow b

46、elonged was taken over by another company.Although Sparrow showed no sign of declining，the chain was generally in an unhealthy state.With more and more fast­food concepts reaching the market，the Sparrow menu had to struggle for attention.And to make matters worse，its new owner had no plans to g

47、ive it the funds it required.Sparrow failed to grow for another two years，until a new CEO，Carl Pearson，decided to build up its market share.He did a survey，which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain，while customers of other fast­food

48、 chains were unwilling to turn away from them.Sparrow had to develop a new promotional campaign.Pearson faced a battle over the future of the Sparrow brand.The chains owner now favored rebranding Sparrow as Marcys restaurants.Pearson resisted，arguing for an advertising campaign designed to convince

49、customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun.Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a company and the general public was unusual for that time.Pearson strongly believed that numbers were the key to success，rather than customers spending power.Finally，the owner accepted

50、 his idea.The campaign itself changed the traditional advertising style of the fast­food industry.The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars.Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product，the intention was to put Sparrow

51、in the hearts of potential customers.Pearson also made other decisions which he believed would contribute to the new Sparrow image.For example，he offered to lower the rent of any restaurants which achieved a certain increase in their turnover(營業(yè)額)These efforts paid off，and Sparrow soon became one of

52、 the most successful fast­food chains in the regions where it operated.(2013·山東，D)71Which was one of the problems Sparrow faced before Pearson became CEO?AThe number of its customers was declining.BIts customers found the food unhealthy.CIt was in need of financial support.DMost of its res

53、taurants were closed.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句 “And to make matters worse，its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.”可知，公司急需的是資金，故C項(xiàng)正確。72What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? ACustomers of Sparrow restaurants.BSparrow restaurants.CCustomers of other fast­f

54、ood chains.DOther fast­food chains.答案D解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句“He did a survey，which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain，while customers of other fast­food chains were unwilling to turn away from them.”可知，其他連鎖店的顧客不愿離開他們的連鎖店，此處，turn a

55、way from 表示“從處走開”，所以from之后應(yīng)該表示主語的原始位置，故選D項(xiàng)。73For what purpose did Pearson start the advertising campaign?ATo build a good relationship with the public.BTo stress the unusual tradition of Sparrow.CTo learn about customers spending power.DTo meet the challenge from Marcys restaurants.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三

56、段第四句“Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a company and the general public was unusual for that time.”可以得知公司想建立跟大眾的友好關(guān)系。故正確答案為A項(xiàng)。74The TV ads of Sparrow _.Achanged peoples views on pop starsBamused the public with original songsCfocused on the superiority of its products Dinf

57、luenced the eating habits of the audience答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段第三句可知C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；A、D兩項(xiàng)文中并未涉及；由第四段第二句可知B項(xiàng)正確。75What was Pearsons achievement as a CEO?AHe managed to pay off Sparrows debts.BHe made Sparrow much more competitive.CHe helped Sparrow take over a company.DHe improved the welfare of Sparrow employees.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)最后一段 “These efforts paid off.”意為“這些努力得到