賓語補足語總匯知識講解

1、此文檔僅供收集于網(wǎng)絡，如有侵權請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除賓語補足語總匯六、 具體說明：（一）副詞作賓語補足語I found him in yesterday.（二）常接形容詞作賓語補足語的動詞有：keep, make, find 等。如： We must keep our classroom clean.（三）常接名詞作賓語補足語的動詞有：call, name, make, think 等。如： We call them mooncakes.（四）常接動詞-ing 形式作賓語補足語的動詞有：see, watch, hear, find, keep 等。如： In the country, we can h

2、ear birds singing.（五） 常接介詞短語作賓語補足語的動詞有：keep, find, leave 等。 如： I left my penon my desk at home.（六）不定式作賓語補足語1. 常接帶to 的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：ask, tell, want, teach, wish 等；2. 接不帶to 的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：see, watch, hear, make, letadvise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage

3、, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause 等。如：I often see him play football.She often asks me to help her.We don't allow such things to happen again.Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke.She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.Please remind me to leave

4、 her this note.She requested him to go with her.3. 用不定式作賓語補足語的幾種說明： help 后面作賓語補足語的動詞不定式可以帶to 也可以不帶to。如： I often help my mother（to） do some housework.在使役動詞后作賓語補足語，不定式不帶to。有些動詞跟不定式作賓語補足語時省去了 to,這些動詞有： 一感二聽三讓四觀看。一感：feel二聽：hear, listen to三讓：let, have, make四觀看：observe, see, watch, look at這類動詞有：make, let,

5、 have 等。轉為被動語態(tài)時，其后通常都用帶to 的不定式（have 沒有被動語態(tài)）。 What would you have me do?你要我做什么？She made him give up smoking.她讓他戒了煙。Let him do whatever he wishes to do.他想干什么就讓他干吧。Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by hislittle sister. 雖然經(jīng)常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他卻被小妹妹弄哭了3. 掌握 “使役動詞have + 賓語過

6、去分詞”的幾種含義在 “ haev 賓語過去分詞”結構中， 過去分詞作賓語補足語，have 也可用 get 。這一結構具有以下幾種含義：意為 “主語請別人做某事”。例如：He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.他明天想去檢查眼睛。（“檢查 ”的動作由醫(yī)生來進行）意為 “主語遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不測的事情”。例如：Be careful, or you'll have your hands hurt. 當心，否則會弄傷手的。意為 “使完成某事”，事情既可以是別人做完，也可以由主語參與完成。例如：He had the walls painte

7、d this morning.他今早把墻漆了。（主語自己可能參與）動詞不定式也可作一些短語動詞的賓語補足語。I'm waiting for James to arrive. 我正等著詹姆斯的到來。He's arranged for a car to pick them up at the station.他已安排了一輛汽車去車站接他們。The UN has called on both sides to observe the cease fire.聯(lián)合國號召交戰(zhàn)雙方遵守?；饏f(xié)定。（七）分詞作賓語補足語用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補，說明賓語是動作的發(fā)出者，形成邏輯上的主謂關系；用過去分詞作

8、賓補，表示賓語是動作的承受者，構成邏輯上的動賓關系。1. 跟分詞作賓補的動詞有：catch, have get, keep, hear, find, feel, leave, make,want, start, notice, observe, watch, set 等。例如：There was so much noise that t he speaker couldn t make himself heard.由于十分吵鬧，講話人沒法讓人聽到他的聲音。When he awoke, he found himself being looked after by an old woman.他醒來

9、的時候發(fā)現(xiàn)一位老大娘正在照顧他。2. 幾種用過去分詞作賓語補足語的情況說明：表示 “意欲；命令”的動詞，如like, want, wish, order 等，可用過去分詞作賓語補足語。例如：The father wants his daughter taught the piano.這位父親想讓女兒學鋼琴。感官動詞see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find 等后，可用過去分詞作賓語補足語。例如：I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now.剛才我看到一位老人被車撞倒了。使役動詞have, get,

10、 make, leave, keep 等后可用過去分詞作賓語補足語。例如：Have you got your films developed? 你拿膠卷去沖洗了沒有？“ with +賓語+過去分詞”結構中，過去分詞用作介詞with的賓語補足語。這一結構通常在句中作時間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。例如：The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.兇手被帶進來了，他的雙手被綁在背后。（表方式）With water heated, we can see the steam.水一被加熱，我們就會看到水蒸氣。（表條件）W

11、ith the matter settled, we all went home.事情得到解決，我們都回家了。（表原因）V.+賓語+賓補 高考全解析“動詞 + 賓語+賓補”的試題是高考試題中?？嫉闹R點，這里呢，我就高考?？嫉哪芨印百e語 + 賓補”復合結構的動詞進行著重講解，以幫助大家掌握這一知識點：一、“ make+ 賓語 +賓補”的用法“ make+ 賓語 + 賓補”這一結構中，賓語補足語可以由名詞、形容詞、過去分詞、不定式等來充當，例如：(1)A good friend is someone who makes you happy. (形容詞作賓補)(2)They made me re

12、peat the story. (省 to 的動詞不定式)(3)He raised his voice to make himself heard.( 過去分詞作賓補)注：“ make+ 賓語 + 賓補”結構中不用現(xiàn)在分詞充當賓補。(4)We made him monitor of our class. (名詞作賓補)注：職務名詞充當賓補時其前面不要加冠詞?！靖呖荚囶}鏈接】1. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them inhis lectures.(07 江蘇卷 )A interestedB i

13、nterestingC interestD to interest2. My parents have always made me about myself, even when I was twelve.A feeling wellB feeling goodC feel wellD feel good答案：1.A 2.D二、“with+ 賓語+賓補”的用法“ with+ 賓語 + 賓補”是高考試題中考查十分頻繁的結構，“with+ 賓語 +賓補”結構中的賓補主要有形容詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、動詞不定式等，在考題中常要求選擇賓補的形式，在選擇時賓補空間該使用什么形式，主要限決于賓語與賓補的

14、關系，主動關系用現(xiàn)在分詞，被動關系則用過去分詞，此外，不定式作賓補要表示含義為將來的意味，例如：(1)With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become moreand more important to have a good knowledge of English.( 賓語 so many people與 communicate 是主動關系，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補)(2)With everything he needed to buy, he went into the store.( 不定式作賓補表

15、示將來的含義)(3)With everything he needed bought, he left the store.( 過去分詞作賓補表被動表完成 )(4)With my key lost, I couldn t enter my room.( 過去分詞作賓補)(5)With nothing to do, I went out for a walk.( 不定式作賓補)(6)I went out with the window open.( 形容詞作賓補) 另外， “ with+ 賓語 +賓補”結構中還可由介詞短語、副詞短語來充當賓補，如：(1) She said good-bye wi

16、th tears in her eyes.(2) He left the room with the light still on. 【高考試題鏈接】1. Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. Sorry. With so much work my mind, I almost break down.A filledB fillingC to fillD being filled2. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work he gladlyaccep

17、ted it.A finishedB finishingC having finished D was finished3. I couldn t do my homework with all the noise.(05 北京 )A going onB goes onC went onD to go on 答案：1. B 2. A 3. A三、“ have+ 賓語+賓補”的用法在“ have+ 賓語 +賓補”這一結構用法中，充當賓補的常用的有 do, doing, done和adj,例如：(1) I ll have my hair cut this afternoon. 我今天下午要理發(fā)。(

18、2) I won t have you saying to your mother that way.(3) He realized that she did not wish to have her go with him.(4) I expect Amy will have the tea ready directly. 注意：have sth done 的含義為“請別人來做某事或遭遇到某到情況”，例如： ( 1)I had the door painted last week.(2)He had his pocket picked.(3)She had her watch stolen.

19、 【高考試題鏈接】1. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English in a short period.A improvedB improvingC to improveD improve2. Did Peter fix the computer himself? He , because he doesn t knowmuch about computers.(07 安徽卷 )A has it fixedB had fixed itC had it fixedD fixed it

20、 3.Youshould understand the traffic rule by now. You ve had it often enough.(05天津 ) A explainingB to explainC explainD explained答案： 1. A 2. C 3. D四、“ find+ 賓語 + 賓補”的用法 “ find+ 賓語 +賓補”這一結構中的賓語補足語可以由現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語以及不定式to be 等來充當。分別舉例如下：( 1) You will find it a very difficult book.( 2) The you

21、th found it a hard problem to think about.( 3) When he came to himself, he found himself surrounded by a group of boys.( 4) I hope to find you in better spirits when we meet again.( 5) I find the Chinese people to be happy and cheerful.注意： find+ 賓語 + 賓補這一結構中通常不使用動詞原形來充當賓語補足語，即沒有“ find+ 賓語 +動詞原形”這樣的結

22、構。 【高考試題鏈接】A cook will be immediately fired if he is found in the kitchen.(03 全國卷 )A smokeB smokingC to smokeD smoked 答案：B。五、“ leave+ 賓語+ 賓補”的用法Leave+ 賓語 + 賓語補足語，其中賓語補足這一成分可以由過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、形容詞、介詞的復合結構等來充當，分述如下：1 由過去分詞來充當賓語補足語：leave sth/sb done ，常用來表示賓語所處的狀態(tài)或表示動作已經(jīng)完成。(1)Please excuse me if I have left an

23、y of your questions unanswered.(2)He got up slowly leaving the lunch unfinished.(3)Did you leave the doors and windows firmly fastened? 可用于被動語態(tài)：Hi！ My patient can t be left unattached.2 .由現(xiàn)在分詞來充當賓語補足語：leave sb/sth doing, 常用來表示使某人或某物一直做某事：(1)Don t leave her waiting outside in the rain.(2)They went off together and left me sitting there.(3)We left him paintingthe gate. 可用于被動語態(tài)：Now the temple has only its walls leftstanding. The papers were left lying around.3 . 由形容詞來充當賓語補足語：(1)You d better leave the drawing-room dooropen. (2)His illness has left him weak. 可用于被動語態(tài)：The wi