八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)完形填空的解題技巧

1、Stepl.Self-introduction.The teacher and the student will have a brief self-introduction each. So that the teacher can have a better understanding about her. And also, the teacher will know which part of English the student is really weak at. Then next, the teacher will talk about the clozet.Step 2考綱

2、分析完形填空是考查學(xué)生閱讀理解和語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的綜合性試題。它考查的知識(shí)面廣，覆蓋面大，綜合性強(qiáng)，靈活性高。它不僅能客觀的反應(yīng)出學(xué)生的知識(shí)性水平，要求學(xué)生要運(yùn)用所學(xué)的詞匯、習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)、固定搭配、語(yǔ)法、句法等基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)妥善的處理好每個(gè)單句，理解語(yǔ)義,又要處理好單句之間以及單句與全文之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。完形填空的題型有多種形式，目前大多數(shù)考試采用的完形填空一般是四選一形式。其題量多為一篇200個(gè)單詞左右的短文和提供 10-15個(gè)單項(xiàng)選擇的小題。題材多數(shù)是故事性的短文，也有科普文章、人物傳記、社會(huì)文化等一類(lèi)的文章。由于這些文章涉及面廣，所以要求學(xué)生 既要有比較扎實(shí)的英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，還要有一定的自然科學(xué)和社會(huì)科學(xué)

3、知識(shí)。Step 3解題步驟及思路點(diǎn)拔1 .通讀全文，了解大意做題之前，必須先瀏覽全文，了解短文的大意，這是必不可少的一個(gè)步驟。通過(guò)短文所提供的信息，借助語(yǔ)感及相關(guān)知識(shí)的推斷，可以從整體上把握短文的輪廓。完形填空題不同于單項(xiàng)填空題，單項(xiàng)填空題所給的是一個(gè)或兩個(gè)句子，根據(jù)根據(jù)或前后句子就可以判定所選的答案。而完形填空題所給的是一篇意思完整的短文，所選的答案設(shè)在整段或整篇之中。切勿為了省時(shí)而邊看邊填，否則，欲速則不達(dá)，許多地方看不下去，填空時(shí)或不解其意，或似懂非懂，舉棋不定，這樣不僅錯(cuò)誤率高，而且費(fèi)時(shí)不少。每篇短文總有一定的主題思想，段落之間必須能承上啟下，前呼后應(yīng)，句與句之間也一定緊密相聯(lián)，形成一

4、個(gè)有機(jī)的整體。因此通讀全文，時(shí)要一氣呵成，不要中斷思路，只要能了解短文的大意就可。其某些細(xì)節(jié)不理解可以跳過(guò)，如果不影響答題，可以置之不理；如果與答題有關(guān)，可到第二步填空時(shí)再琢磨解決。 另外，在閱讀時(shí)要特別注意一篇文章的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾， 因?yàn)樗鼈兺軌蛱峁┲饕男畔?，幫助了解全文所描述的事件或中心議題。2 .瞻前顧后，初選答案。在通讀全文，了解大意的基礎(chǔ)上，便可著手答題，初選習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配，并從上下文中找關(guān)鍵性啟示，前后對(duì)照，根據(jù)語(yǔ)感等選出比較容易的答案。有些題目設(shè)計(jì)很巧， 由下文暗示上文，很有可能開(kāi)頭的空格填入四個(gè)選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)法上都成立，但正確選項(xiàng)要到文章末尾才能 得到解答。反之亦然，文末的空格

5、有可能在上文找到相關(guān)或有關(guān)聯(lián)的答案。3 .每空細(xì)讀，分析斟酌逐句精讀，逐題分析選項(xiàng)，有少數(shù)空格需多方面的推敲分析，如詞義分析，語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)分析，上下文推理分析等，下面是從所給四個(gè)選項(xiàng)角度考慮的解題思路：(1)若考查冠詞，則須依據(jù)短文空白后的單詞的第一個(gè)因素，或所出現(xiàn)的后面名詞的次序來(lái)確定a, an或the ,或用冠詞的慣用法來(lái)確定。(2)若是介詞或副詞(如 up, out , off , away等)可先從固定搭配入手；若不屬于固定搭配，則根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)及介(副)詞的意義及用法進(jìn)行仔細(xì)推敲選擇。(3)若四個(gè)選項(xiàng)好似名詞，則須從其所在的單復(fù)數(shù)形式、所有格形式等，根據(jù)文意進(jìn)行名詞辨析等。(4)如考查形容

6、詞或副詞，則須從其所在句中的作用來(lái)確定什么詞性，或者考查其比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)，以及它前面的修飾語(yǔ)等。(5)如果考查動(dòng)詞，要么考查其同義詞辨析，要么考查某些固定搭配，或時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)以及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式等。(6)若選項(xiàng)是連接詞，澤爾應(yīng)根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和上下文的意思決定是選擇連接代詞還是連接副詞。也可以從連詞的一些慣用法或固定搭配等入手。如，notuntil, as . as, not soas, 或用 because 不用 so ,用 but 不用though 等。4.復(fù)核全文，清除疏漏所有的答案選出來(lái)以后，應(yīng)再讀全文，對(duì)所選的答案進(jìn)行核實(shí)調(diào)整，經(jīng)過(guò)第二步的逐句推敲 之后，對(duì)短文內(nèi)容的理解更為深刻，最初選擇時(shí)

7、有些難解或誤解的問(wèn)題這時(shí)就很容易判斷， 從而也就能得到更好的解決，并清除疏漏。這一步費(fèi)時(shí)不多卻很有必要。Step 4解題技巧1 .根據(jù)上下文確定答案。There were so many people on the bus that there were 1_ empty seats. When ayoung man got out, an old man near him wanted to2,but the young manpushed him back his seat.“Thank you, “ he said, “ but please don't do that, I c

8、an stand.1. A. manyB. some C. enoughD. no2 .A. sit down B. get on C. set out D. stand up分析：第一小題所給的選項(xiàng)是四個(gè)形容詞，從單句來(lái)看均可和后面的empty seats 搭配。但根據(jù)上文的 "there are so many people on the bus ”來(lái)判斷，不可能有 many （許多）、some（一些）、enough（足夠的）空位”。因此，該題的正確答案應(yīng)為D。第二小題所給的選項(xiàng)是四個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，根據(jù)下文的".pushed him back to his seat.和“I

9、 can stand. 來(lái)看，年輕人誤以為老人要給他讓座，而實(shí)際上老人是想站起來(lái)下車(chē)，所以，該小題的正確答案是D。3 .根據(jù)慣用法或習(xí)慣搭配確定答案。It's Sunday. Some students are going 1_ a trip with their teacher.2their way they saw a bus behind them.1 . A. to B. for C.on D. at2 . A. On B. By C.At D. To分析：短文是敘述老師領(lǐng)著學(xué)生春游的事情。第一小題看似 "be going to結(jié)構(gòu)，其實(shí)“go ona trip 是固

10、定搭配，意為 去旅行”，所以應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。第二小題是習(xí)慣用法，表示在去的路上”，英語(yǔ)中要用 "on one' s way.而，by , in , at都不能用在該短語(yǔ)中，故應(yīng)選 A 項(xiàng)。3 .運(yùn)用邏輯推理判斷答案。Mr Brown began to walk at eight in the morning. Now the sun was about to set. Hewas tired and hungry. He was walking slowly towards the and his shadowlay long behind him. He had to look

11、for a place for the night.A. east B. west C. south D north分析：此題所給的選項(xiàng)是四個(gè)表示方位的名詞，均可和前面的介詞“towards”（朝著）搭配，很難判斷哪一個(gè)是正確答案。只有運(yùn)用邏輯推理的方法才能找出正確答案。根據(jù)上文的陽(yáng)就要落山了 ”判斷此時(shí)應(yīng)為下午，太陽(yáng)是在西方。再根據(jù)下文的他的影子長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的拖在后面”，就可以推斷出，此時(shí)布朗先生正朝著西方慢慢的走著。故選 Bo4 .根據(jù)詞語(yǔ)用法確定答案A little cock lived near the river. One morning the little cock his beauti

12、fulclothes and went for a walk by the river. On his way he met a little duck.A. wore B. had on C. dressed D. put on分析：所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)是一組同義詞組，都表示穿”，但它們?cè)谟梅ㄉ嫌兴煌ear和have on都可接物作賓語(yǔ)，意為 穿著”，表示狀態(tài)；put on也可接 衣物”，作賓語(yǔ)，意為 穿上”，表示動(dòng)作；而dress的賓語(yǔ)只能是人，而不能是衣物”。根據(jù)以上分析，再結(jié)合原句的意思，可以確定正確答案為D。挑戰(zhàn)自己，實(shí)例剖析Tiger Woods is a famous profe

13、ssional golfer（職業(yè)高爾夫球手 ）.In fact, he isprobably 1_ golfer in the world today. He 2_ in the United States in 1975.when he was very young, he learned how to play golf 3_his father. In 1978,when Tiger was three years old, he was on 4 first TV show. He played golfwith some famous people 5 he surprised e

14、veryone. Between the ages of 8and 16, Tiger Woods learned a lot about playing 6. He won his firstchampionship （ 冠軍）in years. In 1994, Tiger became a student of StandfordUniversity. He won 10 golf championships while he 8_ at the university. In1996, Tiger became a professional golfer and _9 more mone

15、y. He was veryfamous and rich 10 he was till young. Now he has many fans and is a model for young people.()2. A. was bornB. was carriedC. was takenD.was pleased()3. A. toB. fromC. ofD.after()4. A. theirB. itsC. hisD.her()5. A. whetherB. ifC. orD.and()6. A. golfB. footballC. basketballD.football()7. A. theseB. thisC. thoseD.that()8. A. was teachingB. was workingC. was studyingD.was starting()9.A. borrowedB. madeC. wastedD.lost()10.A. be