高中被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)精華講解

1、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成 “助動(dòng)詞be過(guò)去分詞”。He is regarded as a brilliant. 他被認(rèn)為很有才氣。This book was written in 1969. 這本書是1969年寫成的。The broken bike is being repaired now. 那輛壞了的自行車正在被修理.The cat was being washed when we called him. 我們打電話時(shí)他正在給貓洗澡。The pen has been used for several years. 這支鋼筆已經(jīng)用了幾年。He said the factory had been ope

2、ned . 他說(shuō)這家工廠已經(jīng)開張。The work will be finished in three hours. 工作將于三小時(shí)后完成。The baby must be looked after well. 這孩子必須被好好照顧主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法：2）含直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)有兩種情況：把間接賓語(yǔ)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)仍保留原位；把直接賓語(yǔ)改為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，此時(shí)，間接賓語(yǔ)前要加介詞to或 for。如： He gave the boy an appleThe boy was given an apple（或An apple was given to the

3、boy） Her father bought her a presentShe was bought a present by her father（或A present was bought for her by her father）口訣：如遇雙賓語(yǔ)，最好變間賓，如若變直賓，間賓前加to/for (pass, lend, buy, write, bring, show, tell)3在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式都不帶 to，但改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后要帶to，這時(shí)不定式為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

4、 We often hear him play the guitar. He is often heard to play the guitar. The young man was often seen _ by the lake.A to draw. B. to drawing C. draw D. drew.4短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)不可分隔的整體，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)不可去掉構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的介詞或副詞。這類詞包括: look after, talk about, set up, put off, put up with, pay atte

5、ntion to, take care of 等。The old man and the children _ in our country.A. must take good care B. must be take good care ofC. must take good care of D .must be taken good care of 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)1有些動(dòng)詞既是及物又是不及物，當(dāng)它們和well, badly, easily等副詞連用時(shí)，表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能，是不及物動(dòng)詞，用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)，這時(shí)不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，常見的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash,

6、 cook 等。如： The cloth washes easily. The pen writes smoothly. The computers of this kind _ in this area. A. sells best    B. sell best C. are sold best     D. is sold best 2 某些表示主語(yǔ)狀態(tài)特征的連系動(dòng)詞：look, feel,

7、 smell, taste, sound, prove, appear等，用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)，常接形容詞或名詞作表語(yǔ)。e.g. Your idea sounds reasonable. What he said proved to be correct. Do you like the material? Yes, it _ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is feltThe new dictionaries are very useful. They _well and _already.A sell; have been sold o

8、ut B. sold; had sold outC. sell, sell out D are sold; have been sold out3. 在need, require, want(需要)等動(dòng)詞后，表示某物(人)要進(jìn)行處理時(shí)，后接動(dòng)名詞一般式的主動(dòng)形式作賓語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)意義，相當(dāng)于不定式的被動(dòng)式。例如：（2007年陜西卷）As a result of the serious flood，two-thirds of the buildings in the area_A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. nee

9、d to repair4. 不定式在某些形容詞后作狀語(yǔ)且和句子的主語(yǔ)（或賓語(yǔ)）構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)此類形容詞包括：difficult, comfortable, pleasant, fit, interesting,unfit,light, heavy, dangerous, etc.The sentence is easy to understand. She found the problem hard to deal with.1. The picture is pleasant _ (look)2. The novel is interesting _ (read)5.不定式作名詞的

10、后置定語(yǔ)，和被修飾的名詞有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，同時(shí)和該句主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，不定式常用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義：She had only a cold room to live in. I have a meeting to attend.She has many children to look after I gave him a cake to eat6 在be to結(jié)構(gòu)中的一些不定式:這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式通常應(yīng)用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。下列動(dòng)詞用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義: You are to blame for the accident. The house is to let. Mr. Gre

11、en stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one _.A blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed7表示“開始”；“結(jié)束”類的動(dòng)詞。常見的這類動(dòng)詞有begin, start, open, close, end, finish, stop等。例如： e.g. School begins in September. 1判斷正誤The stores in this area are opened later at weekends than at

12、 weekdays. 2 Honey，this is a present for your birthday.Ah！A pair of shoes，Nike！I think it _ comfortable.Awears    Bis wornCis wearing    Dhas worn3I'd like a pen which _ well.Will this one _？Awrites; help    Bwrites; do Cis written; work    Dis written; help4The dish _ nice, but the milk _ sour.A. is smelt, is smelt &#