新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第三版第一冊(cè)課文單詞詳細(xì)講解講稿unit1

1、Section AText A Toward a brighter future for all1. Good afternoon! As president of the university, I am proud to welcome you to this university. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Here at the university, we pledge to make your ed

2、ucational experience as rewarding as possible.下午好！作為校長(zhǎng)，我非常自豪地歡迎你們來(lái)到這所大學(xué)。你們所取得的成就是你們自己多年努力的 結(jié)果，也是你們的父母和老師們多年努力的結(jié)果。在這所大學(xué)里，我們承諾將使你們學(xué)有所成。Words and phrase2. achievement n something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing:e.g. An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so

3、 young.3. triumphn being successful or victorious成功，勝禾 1shouts of triumphgreat achievement or success 成功one of the triumphs of modern sciencev. (over sb/sth) be successful or victorious triumph over one's difficulties戰(zhàn)勝困難.4. pledge v sth (to sb/sth) (fml ) promise solemnly to give (support,etc);

4、 give (one'sword, honour, etc) as a pledge 保證給予(支持等)；以(誓言、名譽(yù)等)作擔(dān)保：pledge loyalty to the king發(fā)誓效忠國(guó)王be pledged to keeping a secret 誓守秘密. sb/oneself (to sth/to do sth) promise solemnly that sb/one will do sth orsupport a cause, etc 保證某人自己做某事或支持某事業(yè)等The Government has pledged itself to send aid to th

5、e famine victims.政府已承諾賑濟(jì)饑民Tn leave (sth) with sb as a pledge 典當(dāng)(某物)He's pledged his mother's wedding ring.Tn (fml ) drink to the health of (sb); toast (sb) 為（某人）的健康祝酒；向（某人）祝酒pledge the bride （新娘） and bridegroom（新郎）值得的；有意義的；有回報(bào)的5. rewarding adj giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profitOur

6、journey to the orphanage （ 孤兒院）was a very rewarding experience.Antonym: unrewardingSynonym: satisfying6. as.as possibleas + adj / adv +as ; as + adj + n + as盡力做某事的意思We have to run as fast as possible.Can you say it as loudly as possible?I hope you ' ll stay as long as possible.We need as many ap

7、ples as possible.You must come back as soon as possible.Word formation note:adj suffix -ing1. -ing加在某些transitive verb后，構(gòu)成adj ,主要用于表示事物的性質(zhì)或特征，或某物或某事給 人的感覺(jué)、 情感、象等。這類(lèi)詞包括welcoming, charming, discouraging, disgusting,frightening, alarming, surprising等。例如：a welcoming smile 熱情的微笑 a charming house on the ou

8、tskirts of the town在城鎮(zhèn)郊外的一棟漂亮的房子an alarming increase in housing price房?jī)r(jià)的驚人增長(zhǎng)A surprising number of men stay bachelors.有相當(dāng)多的男子仍然是單身。2. -ing加在intransitive verb 之后，構(gòu)成adj ,表示某事或某人仍然處于某種狀態(tài)。例如：a recurring problem 反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題his aging mother 他那日漸蒼老的母親He wore his hair in the prevailing fashion.他的頭發(fā)理的是當(dāng)時(shí)盛行的發(fā)型。Pa

9、raphrase1 Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of yourparents and teachers.Meaning: Your entering this university is an important success. This success is due tomany years of your hard work, and many years of your parents' and teachers ' hardwork.2 Here

10、 at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible.Meaning: Here at the university, we promise to make your educational experience as worthwhile as possible.2. In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high school graduationand the photograph

11、 my mom took of my dad and me. "Pose naturally," Mom instructedus. "Wait!" said Dad, "Let's take a picture of me handing him an alarm clock." The clockwoke me up every morning in college. It is still on my office desk.在歡迎你們到來(lái)的這一刻，我想起自己高中畢業(yè)時(shí)的情景，還有媽媽為我和爸爸拍的合影。媽媽吩咐我們：“

12、姿勢(shì)自然點(diǎn)?！薄暗纫坏龋卑职终f(shuō)，“把我遞給他鬧鐘的情景拍下來(lái)?！痹诖髮W(xué)期間，那個(gè)鬧鐘每天早晨叫醒我。至今它還放在我辦公室的桌子上。Words and phrase1. remind v inform (sb) of a fact or tell (sb) to do sth he may have forgotten提醒：Do I have to remind you yet again?Remind me to answer that letter. sb of sb/sth cause sb to remember or be newly aware of sb/sth使某人回想起或意識(shí)

13、至 U某人某事物:He reminds me of his brother.This song reminds me of France.reminder n sth. that makes you notice, remember, or think about sth.起提醒作用的東西The cold served as a reminder that winter wasn' t quite finished.The waiters were clearing the tables, which served as a reminder that it was time to l

14、eave.2. pose v"(a) I, Ipr (for sb) sit or stand in a particular position in order to be painted, drawn orphotographed擺好姿勢(shì)(以便畫(huà)像或拍照)：He had to pose wearing a laurel wreath.他得擺好戴著月桂花冠的姿勢(shì).*(b) Tn put (sb) in a particular position in order to paint, draw or photograph him使 (某人)擺好姿勢(shì)(以便畫(huà)像或拍照)：The arti

15、st posed his model carefully.那位畫(huà)家仔細(xì)擺好模特兒的姿勢(shì)I （derog 貶）behave in an unnatural or affected way in order to impress people裝月空作勢(shì)：Stop posing and tell us what you really think.別裝蒜啦，告訴我們你的真實(shí)想法吧.pose n1 position in which a person poses or is posed （pose 1b）（為畫(huà)像或拍照而擺的）姿勢(shì) ,姿態(tài)：She adopted an elegant pose.她擺了一

16、個(gè)優(yōu)美的姿勢(shì) .2 （derog 貶）unnatural or affected way of behaving, intended to impress people裝腔作勢(shì)的舉動(dòng)：His concern for the poor is only a pose.他對(duì)窮人的關(guān)心只不過(guò)是做做樣子罷了Paraphrase1 In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high school graduation and the photograph my mom took of my dad and me. （Para.

17、2）Meaning: When I am welcoming you to this university, something I remember is my own high school graduation and the photo my mom took of my dad and me.3 Let me share with you something that you may not expect. You will miss your old routines and your parents' reminders to work hard and attain y

18、our best. You may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high school, and your parents may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with doing your laundry! But know this: The future is built on a strong foundation of the past.讓我來(lái)告訴你們一些你們未必預(yù)料得到的事情。你們將會(huì)懷念以前的生活習(xí)慣，懷念父母曾經(jīng)提醒你 們要刻苦學(xué)習(xí)、取得

19、佳績(jī)。你們可能因?yàn)楦咧猩罱K于結(jié)束而喜極而泣，你們的父母也可能因?yàn)榻K于 不用再給你們洗衣服而喜極而泣！但是要記?。何磥?lái)是建立在過(guò)去扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上的。Words and phrase1. routine n»C, U fixed and regular way of doing things程序；公事；常規(guī)：She found it difficult to establish a new routine after retirement.do sth as a matter of routine按常規(guī)辦事attrib 作定語(yǔ)routine tasks, chores, duties,

20、etc日常工作、 日常事務(wù)、 例行職責(zé).臥C set sequence of movements in a dance or some other performance舞蹈等表演的成套動(dòng)作：go through a dance routine做一套舞蹈動(dòng)作 .routine adj usual; habitual; regular 通常的；慣例的；例行的：the routine procedure例行手續(xù) *routine maintenance定期的保養(yǎng)routinelyadv.2. attain v _L>Tn succeed in getting (sth); achieveat

21、tain a position of power獲得權(quán)位attain one's goal, objective, ambition, etcattain our target of 50000達(dá)到我們的 50000 英鎊的目標(biāo).attainable adj that can be attainedThese objectives are certainly attainable.attainment nU success in reaching達(dá)至U;至U達(dá)：The attainment of her ambitions was still a dream.她要實(shí)現(xiàn)抱負(fù)仍是一種夢(mèng)想.

22、C usu pl thing attained, esp skill or knowledge成就; 造t旨：a scholar of the highest attainments造詣極高的學(xué)者 .3. finished adj pred (not before noun) no longer doing, dealing with, or using sth. (with sb/sth) (infml 口 )I won't be finished for another hour.我還有一個(gè)小時(shí)才能完事.Are you finished with my tools yet?我的工具

23、你用完了嗎？She decided she was finished with working for others.她決定不再為別人做事.4. may have done sth.:used for talking about past possibilitiesShe might have changed her mind and decided not to come.5. foundationn叫U act of founding (an institution, organization, etc)建立,創(chuàng)立,創(chuàng)辦：the foundation of the university臥C

24、 (a) (organization set up to provide) sums of money for research, charity, etc(為研究、慈善事業(yè)等提供的)基金，基金會(huì)：You may be able to get support from an arts foundation.C usu pl layer of bricks, concrete, etc forming the solid base of a building underground 地基; 房基; 基礎(chǔ)：lay the foundations of a building給建筑物奠基障 C, U

25、principle, idea or fact on which sth is based; basis(作為某事的)基本原則、思想或事實(shí)；基礎(chǔ)：lay the foundations of one's career奠定個(gè)人事業(yè)的基礎(chǔ) *那謠言沒(méi)有事實(shí)根據(jù)That rumor has no foundation.Grammar一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于對(duì)現(xiàn)在內(nèi)容推測(cè)的常見(jiàn)句型有：1 、 Can/may do sth ：表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在內(nèi)容的可能性的推測(cè)；2 、 Must do sth ：表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在內(nèi)容的肯定性的推測(cè)。二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于對(duì)過(guò)去內(nèi)容推薦的常見(jiàn)句型：1 、 can/may have done

26、sth ：表示對(duì)過(guò)去內(nèi)容的可能性；2 、 must have done sth ：表示對(duì)過(guò)去內(nèi)容的肯定性的推測(cè)。例： It must have rained last night, for the road is wet.He may have got lost.Mr Green must have failed to receive my letter, otherwise he would have replied.I believe he must have had an accident, otherwise he would have arrived ontime.Collocati

27、on note:1 do 是最常見(jiàn)的表示“做”的動(dòng)詞。e.g. Today I have a lot of work to do.2 do 常常和表示鍛煉或勞動(dòng)等方面的名詞或動(dòng)名詞連用。e.g. do physical exerc ise/the dishes/one s cookingParaphrase1. You will miss your old routines and your parents reminders to work hard and attainyour best. (Para. 3)Meaning: You will miss your usual life pa

28、tterns and your parents reminding words thatyou should work hard and achieve the best you can.2. You may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high school, and your parentsmay have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with doing your laundry! (Para. 3)Meaning: Perhaps you were so

29、happy that you cried because at last you finished high school, and perhaps your parents were so happy that they cried because eventually theywouldn ' t have to do your laundry any more!Note: Pay attention to the humor the president creates by contrasting the different responses from children and

30、 their parents they all cried, but for different reasons!3.But know this: The future is built on a strong foundation of the past. (Para. 3)Meaning: But you should know that your future can only be attained when it is built on asolid past.4 For you, these next four years will be a time unlike any oth

31、er. Here you are surroundedby great resources: interesting students from all over the country, a learned and caring faculty, a comprehensive library, great sports facilities,and student organizationscovering every possible interest from the arts to science, to community service and soon. You will ha

32、ve the freedom to explore and learn about new subjects. You will learn to getby on very little sleep, meet fascinating people, and pursue new passions. I want to encourage you to make the most of this unique experience, and to use your energy and enthusiasm to reap the benefits of this opportunity.對(duì)

33、你們而言，接下來(lái)的四年將會(huì)是無(wú)與倫比的一段時(shí)光。在這里，你們擁有豐富的資源：有來(lái)自全國(guó)各地的有趣的學(xué)生，有學(xué)識(shí)淵博又充滿愛(ài)心的老師，有綜合性圖書(shū)館，有完備的運(yùn)動(dòng)設(shè)施，還有針對(duì)不同興趣的學(xué)生社團(tuán)一一從文科社團(tuán)到理科社團(tuán)、到社區(qū)服務(wù)等等。你們將自由地探索、學(xué)習(xí)新科目。你們要學(xué)著習(xí)慣點(diǎn)燈熬油，學(xué)著結(jié)交充滿魅力的人，學(xué)著去追求新的愛(ài)好。我想鼓勵(lì)你們充分利用這一特殊的經(jīng)歷，并用你們的干勁和熱情去收獲這一機(jī)會(huì)所帶來(lái)的豐碩成果。Words and phrase1. unlike adj pred 作表語(yǔ)dissimilar; differentThey are so unlike nobody would

34、believe they were sisters.prepdifferent from (sth); not like 與(某事物)不同；不彳.:Her latest novel is quite unlike her earlier work.2. resource資源:_1>C usu pl supply of raw materials, etc which bring a country, person, etc wealthrich in natural, mineral, agricultural, etc resources自然的、礦產(chǎn)的、農(nóng)業(yè)的 .資源豐富四 (fml

35、) ingenuity or quick wit; initiative才智；機(jī)敏；創(chuàng)造精神:a man of great resource足智多謀的男子 .3. learned: a. (fml.) learned people have a lot of knowledge because they have read andstudied a lot 有學(xué)問(wèn)的；博學(xué)的My advisor is a very learned person and she could answer any question I asked.4. caring: a. thinking about what

36、other people need or want and trying to help them關(guān)心他人的；樂(lè)于助人的The school provides a caring environment for students.學(xué)校為學(xué)生提供了 充滿關(guān)懷的環(huán)境。5. faculty C usually plural a natural ability to hear, see, think, move, etc:the faculty of sight 視力the mental faculties 智力C of/for doing sth a special ability to do a p

37、articular thing做某事物的特殊才能have a great faculty for learning languages有學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的才能 .She has a faculty for inspiring confidence in people.(AmE) all the teachers of a particular university or college大學(xué)的全體教員 .faculty members6. facility n容易學(xué)好或做好事物的能力 有（學(xué)習(xí)）語(yǔ)言的天才 他彈奏鋼琴神乎其技.今U, sing ability to learn or do things

38、easily have (a) great facility for (learning) languages He plays the piano with surprising facility.facilities pl circumstances, equipment, etc that make it possible, or easier, to do sth;aids能夠或易於做某事的環(huán)境、 設(shè)備等；輔助物：'sports facilities 運(yùn)動(dòng)設(shè)施facilities for study有助學(xué)習(xí)的設(shè)施medical facilities7. community n.

39、 sing the people living in one place, district or country, consideredas a whole 社區(qū)；團(tuán)體；集體；社會(huì)：為集體利益服務(wù)work for the good of the communitycommunity service 社會(huì)服務(wù)工作n. group of people of the same religion, race, occupation, etc, or with shared interests宗教信仰、種族、職業(yè)等方面相同的人構(gòu)成的集體 ：the Chinese community in Paris在

40、巴黎的華僑團(tuán)體a community of monks 僧侶團(tuán)體.8. get by (on sth) manage to live, survive, etc (using the specified resources); manage;cope (靠某物)勉強(qiáng)維生; 設(shè)法維持; 對(duì)付 :How does she get by on such a small salary?He gets by on very little money.9. on: prep.1) eating or drinking a particular type of food or drink in order

41、to stay alive靠生存Using a cave as shelter, the man survived on wild berries and raw fish.這個(gè)人以山洞為住所，靠吃野果和生魚(yú)活了下來(lái)。2) using a particular type of fuel or electrical power in order to operate靠運(yùn)行Why can t we make a car that runs on water?我們?yōu)槭裁床荒苤圃斐隹克π旭偟钠?chē)呢？10. fascinating adj extremely interesting:The book

42、offers a fascinating glimpse of the lives of the rich and famous.11. pursue v Tn (fml ) follow (sb/sth), esp in order to catch or kill; chase pursue a wild animal, a thief(continue to) be occupied or busy with (sth); go on with進(jìn)行She decided to pursue her studies after obtaining her first degree.I ha

43、ve decided not to pursue (ie investigate) the matter any further.12. reap v to cut and collect a crop, especially corn, from a fieldSow the wind and, reap the whirlwind (saying )播種的是風(fēng), 收割的是暴風(fēng)start sth that seems fairly harmless and have to suffer unforeseen consequences that are serious or disastrou

44、s 原無(wú)大害的事，彳麥果卻不堪設(shè)想.(fig ) receive (sth) as a result of one's own or others' actions獲得reap the reward of years of study 從多年研究中獲得報(bào)償Paraphrase1. For you, these next four years will be a time unlike any other. (Para. 4)Meaning: For you, the next four years in university will be different from any

45、 other period of time in your life.2. Here you are surrounded by great resources: interesting students from all over the country, a learned and caring faculty, a comprehensive library, great sports facilities, and student organizations covering every possible interest from the arts to science,to com

46、munity service and so on. (Para. 4)Meaning beyond words: Here the president is introducing to students the many resources available on campus: interesting schoolmates, knowledgeable and helpful teachers, a big library, great sports equipment, various student organizations, etc. All these will help m

47、ake students campus life colorful and fulfilling.3. You will have the freedom to explore and learn about new subjects. (Para. 4)Meaning: You will have the freedom to examine and learn about new subjects.4. You will learn to get by on very little sleep, meet fascinating people, and pursue newpassions

48、. (Para. 4)Meaning: You will learn to manage with very little sleep, meet very interesting people, and find new interests.5. I want to encourage you to make the most of this unique experience, and to use yourenergy and enthusiasm to reap the benefits of this opportunity. (Para. 4)Meaning: I want to

49、encourage you to do all you can to take advantage of this special experience, and to use your energy and passion to benefit from this chance.5 You may feel overwhelmed by the wealth of courses available to you. You will not be ableto experience them all, but sample them widely! College offers many t

50、hings to do and tolearn, and each of them offers a different way to see the world. If I could give you only one piece of advice about selecting courses, it would be this: Challenge yourself! Don't assume that you know in advance what fields will interest you the most. Take some courses in fields

51、 you've never tried before. You will not only emerge as a more broadly educated person, but you will also stand a better chance of discovering an unsuspected passion that will help to shape your future. A wonderful example of this is the fashion designer, Vera Wang, who originally studied art hi

52、story. Over time, Wang paired her studies in art history with her love of fashion and turned it into a passion for design, which made her a famous designer around the world.有這么多課程可供選擇，你可能會(huì)不知所措。你不可能選修所有的課程，但是要盡可能體驗(yàn)更多的課程！ 大學(xué)里有很多事情可做可學(xué)，每件事情都會(huì)為你提供不同視角來(lái)審視世界。如果我只能給你們一條選課建議的話，那就是：挑戰(zhàn)自己！不要認(rèn)為你早就了解自己對(duì)什么樣的領(lǐng)域最感興

53、趣。選擇一些你從未接觸過(guò)的領(lǐng)域的課程。這樣， 你不僅會(huì)變得更加博學(xué)，而且更有可能發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)你未曾想到的、能成就你未來(lái)的愛(ài)好。一個(gè)絕佳的例子就是時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師王薇薇，她最初學(xué)的是藝術(shù)史。隨著時(shí)間的推移，王薇薇把藝術(shù)史研究和對(duì)時(shí)裝的熱愛(ài)結(jié)合起來(lái)，并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的熱情，從而使她成為全球聞名的設(shè)計(jì)師。overwhelm v Tn usu passive cover (sth/sb) completely by flowing over or pouring down on it/him (以澆或灌的方式)淹沒(méi)A great mass of water overwhelmed the village.大水

54、淹沒(méi)了村莊.(fig ) be overwhelmed with grief, sorrow, despair, etc陷入悲哀、 悲痛、 絕望等之中(fig ) Overwhelmed with gratitude感激萬(wàn)分(b) overpower (sb/sth), esp by force of numbers; defeat壓倒 , 制服(以數(shù)量勝); 擊敗 :be overwhelmed by the enemyoverwhelming adj attrib too great to resist or overcome; very great壓倒一切的無(wú)法抗拒的 ; 巨大的 :an

55、 overwhelming urge to smoke不可遏止的吸煙沖動(dòng)an overwhelming victory 極大的勝利壓倒性多數(shù)the overwhelming majority of peoplewealthU (possession of a) large amount of money, property, etc; riches 財(cái)富Wealth had not brought them happiness.sing of sth large amount or number of sth; abundance of sth大量 , 眾多 ,a book with a we

56、alth of illustrations有大量插圖的書(shū)a wealth of opportunitywealthyadj (-ier, -iest) richwealthilyadv.available adj not usually before noun (of things) that can be used or obtainedYou will be informed when the book becomes available.這本書(shū)有貨時(shí)就通知你.There is no money available for this project.(of people) free to

57、be seen, talked to, etcI'm available in the afternoon. 我下午有空.availability n U.sample n 貨樣 ; 樣品 ; 標(biāo)本a blood sample 血樣The survey covers a representative sample of the population這項(xiàng)調(diào)查涉及到社會(huì)各階層的人士.small amount of a product given away free免費(fèi)分發(fā)的小量試樣; 贈(zèng)樣 :hand out free samples of the perfume送出香水的贈(zèng)樣a sample pack, sachet, etc 饋贈(zèng)的小包、 小袋等樣品.v try out or examine (sth) by taking a sample or by experiencing it抽樣檢查sample the delights of Chinese food 品嘗中國(guó)美食assume v accept (sth) as true before there is proof假定