AIX umount,新建,縮小,擴(kuò)大,文件系統(tǒng)及系統(tǒng)打補(bǔ)丁

1、AIX umount，新建，縮小，擴(kuò)大，文件系統(tǒng)及系統(tǒng)打補(bǔ)丁如果一個(gè)文件系統(tǒng)打開(kāi)了一個(gè)文件，那么必須在卸載之前將該文件關(guān)閉。例如：# umount /homeumount: 0506-349 Cannot unmount /dev/hd1: The requested resource is busy.如果顯示umount busy用如下命令# fuser -x -c /home/home: 11630# ps

2、60;-fp 11630UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMDguest 11630 14992 0 16:44:51 pts/1 0:00 -sh# kill -1 11630# umount /home或者終止使用給定文件系統(tǒng)的所有進(jìn)程：fuser -k -x -u -c /homefuser -kxuc&

3、#160;/homefuser 指令用途使用文件或文件結(jié)構(gòu)識(shí)別進(jìn)程。語(yǔ)法fuser  -c | -d | -f   -k   -u   -x   -V 文件 .描述此 fuser 命令列出了本地進(jìn)程的進(jìn)程號(hào)，那些本地進(jìn)程使用File 參數(shù)指定的本地或遠(yuǎn)程文件。對(duì)于阻塞特別設(shè)備，此命令列出了使用該設(shè)備上任何文件的進(jìn)程。每個(gè)進(jìn)程號(hào)后面都跟隨一個(gè)字母，該字母指示進(jìn)

4、程如何使用文件。c 將此文件作為當(dāng)前目錄使用。 e 將此文件作為程序的可執(zhí)行對(duì)象使用。 r 將此文件作為根目錄使用。 s 將此文件作為共享庫(kù)（或其它可裝載對(duì)象）使用。 進(jìn)程號(hào)被寫入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)輸出（在進(jìn)程號(hào)之間有空格的行中）。一個(gè)換行符被寫入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)錯(cuò)誤（在每個(gè)文件操作數(shù)的最后一個(gè)輸出之后）。其他所有輸出被寫入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)錯(cuò)誤。此 fuser 命令不會(huì)檢測(cè)有 mmap 區(qū)域的進(jìn)程，其中相關(guān)的文件描述符已從此被關(guān)閉。標(biāo)志-c 包含 File的文件系統(tǒng)中關(guān)于任何打開(kāi)的文件的報(bào)告。

5、 -d 暗示使用了 -c 和 -x 標(biāo)志。關(guān)于任何與文件系統(tǒng)（自父目錄刪除的）無(wú)鏈接的打開(kāi)文件的報(bào)告。當(dāng)與 -V 標(biāo)志一起使用時(shí)，它也會(huì)報(bào)告被刪除文件的節(jié)點(diǎn)號(hào)和大小。 -f 僅對(duì)文件的打開(kāi)實(shí)例報(bào)告。 -k 將 SIGKILL 信號(hào)發(fā)送到每個(gè)本地進(jìn)程。僅有 root 用戶能終止另一用戶的進(jìn)程。 -u 為進(jìn)程號(hào)后圓括號(hào)中的本地進(jìn)程提供登錄名。 -V 提供詳細(xì)輸出。 -x 與

6、0;-c 或 -f 連用，報(bào)告除標(biāo)準(zhǔn) fuser 輸出以外的可執(zhí)行的和可載入的對(duì)象。 示例要列出使用 /etc/passwd 文件的本地進(jìn)程的進(jìn)程號(hào)，請(qǐng)輸入： fuser /etc/passwd要列出使用 /etc/filesystems 文件的進(jìn)程的進(jìn)程號(hào)和用戶登錄名，請(qǐng)輸入： fuser -u /etc/filesystems要終止使用給定文件系統(tǒng)的所有進(jìn)程，請(qǐng)輸入： fuser -k -x -u

7、60;-c /dev/hd1 或者 fuser -kxuc /home任一命令都列出了進(jìn)程號(hào)和用戶名，然后終止每個(gè)正在使用 /dev/hd1 (/home) 文件系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)程。僅有 root 用戶能終止屬于另一用戶的進(jìn)程。如果您正在試圖卸下 /dev/hd1 文件系統(tǒng)，而一個(gè)正在訪問(wèn) /dev/hd1 文件系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)程不允許這樣，您可能希望使用此命令。要列出正在使用已從給定文件系統(tǒng)刪除的文件的全部進(jìn)程，請(qǐng)輸入： fuser -d 

8、/usr文件/dev/kmem 用于系統(tǒng)映像。 /dev/mem 也用于系統(tǒng)映像。我的實(shí)驗(yàn)筆記卸載/pp01# umount /pp01umount: 0506-349 Cannot unmount /dev/ppp: The requested resource is busy.# umount -f /pp01umount: 0506-349 Cannot unmount /dev/ppp: The requested resource is busy.# df -kFilesystem 1024-blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused

9、Mounted on/dev/hd4 983040 483600 51% 4782 5% /dev/hd2 4194304 2473280 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 2097152 1902280 10% 5462 2% /var/dev/hd3 4194304 3906704 7% 471 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 4194304 4035912 4% 126 1% /home/proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 1048576 960992 9% 1951 1% /opt/dev/ppp 327680 327232 1%

10、3 1% /pp01# lsvg -l rootvgrootvg:LV NAME TYPE LPs PPs PVs LV STATE MOUNT POINThd5 boot 1 1 1 closed/syncd N/Ahd6 paging 16 16 1 open/syncd N/Ahd8 jfs2log 1 1 1 open/syncd N/Ahd4 jfs2 30 30 1 open/syncd /hd2 jfs2 128 128 1 open/syncd /usrhd9var jfs2 64 64 1 open/syncd /varhd3 jfs2 128 128 1 open/sync

11、d /tmphd1 jfs2 128 128 1 open/syncd /homehd10opt jfs2 32 32 1 open/syncd /optppp jfs2 10 10 1 open/syncd /pp01# fuser -x -c /pp01 查看此文件的用戶進(jìn)程號(hào)/pp01: 397442c# ps -fp 397442c 語(yǔ)法不對(duì)ps: 0509-048 Flag -p was used with invalid list.Usage: ps -ANPaedfklmMZ -n namelist -F Format -o specifier=header,. -p procl

12、ist-G|-g grouplist -t termlist -U|-u userlist -c classlist -T pid -L pidlist Usage: ps aceglnsuvwxU t tty processnumber# ps -fp 397442 查看此進(jìn)程號(hào) UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 397442 262256 0 02:41:30 pts/0 0:00 -ksh # kill -l 397442INT (已經(jīng)殺掉)# umount /pp01 （還是不能卸載）umount: 0506-349 Cannot unmou

13、nt /dev/ppp: The requested resource is busy.# fuser -cux /pp01 （此命令也可以查看這個(gè)文件的進(jìn)程）/pp01: 397442c(root)# exit （還是退出，重新登錄）AIX Version 5Copyright IBM Corporation, 1982, 2009.login:AIX Version 5Copyright IBM Corporation, 1982, 2009.login: rootroot's Password:Welcome to AIX Version 5.3! * * * Please se

14、e the README file in /usr/lpp/bos for information pertinent to * this release of the AIX Operating System. * * *Last unsuccessful login: Wed Mar 6 03:16:26 CUT 2013 on ftp from :ffff:26Last login: Fri Mar 8 02:41:42 CUT 2013 on /dev/pts/0 from 29# df -kFilesystem 1024-blocks Free %

15、Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4 983040 483592 51% 4782 5% /dev/hd2 4194304 2473280 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 2097152 1902276 10% 5462 2% /var/dev/hd3 4194304 3906704 7% 471 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 4194304 4035912 4% 126 1% /home/proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 1048576 960992 9% 1951 1% /opt/dev/ppp

16、 327680 327232 1% 3 1% /pp01# umount /pp01 再次卸載# df k 成功Filesystem 1024-blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4 983040 483592 51% 4782 5% /dev/hd2 4194304 2473280 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 2097152 1902276 10% 5462 2% /var/dev/hd3 4194304 3906704 7% 471 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 4194304 4035912 4%

17、 126 1% /home/proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 1048576 960992 9% 1951 1% /opt卸載才能檢查文件系統(tǒng)的完整性，卸載才能刪除LV# fsck /dev/pppThe current volume is: /dev/pppPrimary superblock is valid.* Phase 1 - Initial inode scan* Phase 2 - Process remaining directories* Phase 3 - Process remaining files* Phase 4 - Check an

18、d repair inode allocation map* Phase 5 - Check and repair block allocation mapFile system is clean.# fsck -f /dev/pppThe current volume is: /dev/pppPrimary superblock is valid.# fsck -y /dev/pppThe current volume is: /dev/pppPrimary superblock is valid.* Phase 1 - Initial inode scan* Phase 2 - Proce

19、ss remaining directories* Phase 3 - Process remaining files* Phase 4 - Check and repair inode allocation map* Phase 5 - Check and repair block allocation mapFile system is clean.用SMIT刪除LV# df k 已經(jīng)刪除Filesystem 1024-blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4 983040 483564 51% 4780 5% /dev/hd2 4

20、194304 2473280 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 2097152 1902272 10% 5462 2% /var/dev/hd3 4194304 3906704 7% 471 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 4194304 4035912 4% 126 1% /home/proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 1048576 960992 9% 1951 1% /opt 重新創(chuàng)建lv,jfs2，并掛載# smit mklv# smit jfs2 創(chuàng)建文件系統(tǒng) Add an Enhanced Journaled File Syst

21、em Add an Enhanced Journaled File System on a Previously Defined Logical Volume Change / Show Characteristics of an Enhanced Journaled File System Remove an Enhanced Journaled File System Manage Quotas for an Enhanced Journaled File System Defragment an Enhanced Journaled File System List Snapshots

22、for an Enhanced Journaled File System Create Snapshot for an Enhanced Journaled File System Mount Snapshot for an Enhanced Journaled File System Remove Snapshot for an Enhanced Journaled File System Unmount Snapshot for an Enhanced Journaled File System Change Snapshot for an Enhanced Journaled File

23、 System Rollback an Enhanced Journaled File System to a Snapshot選擇藍(lán)色部分回車# ls /dev/xl 查看剛創(chuàng)建的文件系統(tǒng)/dev/xl# mount /dev/xl /home/xl01 掛在文件系統(tǒng)在/home/xl01上在新創(chuàng)建的文件系統(tǒng)上去存放系統(tǒng)補(bǔ)丁包把在官網(wǎng)下載的5300-08-10-1015.zip補(bǔ)丁包（sp），放在新建的jfs2 xl01下，并unzip，# cd /home/xl01# ls5300-08-10-1015.zip# unzip 5300-08-10-1015.zip 由于此文件系統(tǒng)太小，不能

24、全部解壓，則選擇n，終止解壓，擴(kuò)大文件系統(tǒng)/home/xl01，在進(jìn)行解壓# lsvg rootvgVOLUME GROUP: rootvg VG IDENTIFIER: 000f911f00004c00000001363b4fd9dfVG STATE: active PP SIZE: 32 megabyte(s)VG PERMISSION: read/write TOTAL PPs: 542 (17344 megabytes)MAX LVs: 256 FREE PPs: 2 (64 megabytes)LVs: 10 USED PPs: 540 (17280 megabytes)OPEN L

25、Vs: 9 QUORUM: 2 (Enabled)TOTAL PVs: 1 VG DESCRIPTORS: 2STALE PVs: 0 STALE PPs: 0ACTIVE PVs: 1 AUTO ON: yesMAX PPs per VG: 32512 MAX PPs per PV: 1016 MAX PVs: 32LTG size (Dynamic): 256 kilobyte(s) AUTO SYNC: noHOT SPARE: no BB POLICY: non-relocatable可見(jiàn)剩余的2個(gè)# smit chfs 這個(gè)不好用，網(wǎng)上搜了個(gè)命令，如下# chfs -a size=+

26、40M /home/xl01 給文件系統(tǒng)/home/xl01增加40M的空間，這里的“M”是大寫 Filesystem size changed to 917504# lsvg rootvg 查看一下，VOLUME GROUP: rootvg VG IDENTIFIER: 000f911f00004c00000001363b4fd9dfVG STATE: active PP SIZE: 32 megabyte(s)VG PERMISSION: read/write TOTAL PPs: 542 (17344 megabytes)MAX LVs: 256 FREE PPs: 0 (0 megab

27、ytes)LVs: 10 USED PPs: 542 (17344 megabytes)OPEN LVs: 9 QUORUM: 2 (Enabled)TOTAL PVs: 1 VG DESCRIPTORS: 2STALE PVs: 0 STALE PPs: 0ACTIVE PVs: 1 AUTO ON: yesMAX PPs per VG: 32512 MAX PPs per PV: 1016 MAX PVs: 32LTG size (Dynamic): 256 kilobyte(s) AUTO SYNC: noHOT SPARE: no BB POLICY: non-relocatable備

28、注：實(shí)際上chfs在擴(kuò)容fs的時(shí)候也把相應(yīng)的lv給擴(kuò)大了。extendlv只是擴(kuò)展lv的功能，和chfs用法不同。# unzip 5300-08-10-1015.zip .還是不夠，暈啊，由于沒(méi)有剩余的pp了，只好將其它文件系統(tǒng)減小，來(lái)擴(kuò)大、home/xl01。# lsvg -l rootvgrootvg:LV NAME TYPE LPs PPs PVs LV STATE MOUNT POINThd5 boot 1 1 1 closed/syncd N/Ahd6 paging 16 16 1 open/syncd N/Ahd8 jfs2log 1 1 1 open/syncd N/Ahd4 j

29、fs2 30 30 1 open/syncd /hd2 jfs2 128 128 1 open/syncd /usrhd9var jfs2 64 64 1 open/syncd /varhd3 jfs2 128 128 1 open/syncd /tmphd1 jfs2 128 128 1 open/syncd /homehd10opt jfs2 32 32 1 open/syncd /optxl jfs2 14 14 1 open/syncd /home/xl01# lslv hd9varLOGICAL VOLUME: hd9var VOLUME GROUP: rootvgLV IDENTI

30、FIER: 000f911f00004c00000001363b4fd9df.6 PERMISSION: read/writeVG STATE: active/complete LV STATE: opened/syncdTYPE: jfs2 WRITE VERIFY: offMAX LPs: 512 PP SIZE: 32 megabyte(s)COPIES: 1 SCHED POLICY: parallelLPs: 64 PPs: 64STALE PPs: 0 BB POLICY: relocatableINTER-POLICY: minimum RELOCATABLE: yesINTRA

31、-POLICY: center UPPER BOUND: 32MOUNT POINT: /var LABEL: /varMIRROR WRITE CONSISTENCY: on/ACTIVE EACH LP COPY ON A SEPARATE PV ?: yes Serialize IO ?: NO # lslv xl |grep 'PP SIZE'MAX LPs: 512 PP SIZE: 32 megabyte(s) # lslv xl |grep 'PPs'LPs: 14 PPs: 14STALE PPs: 0 BB POLICY: relocatabl

32、e可以看到目前有14個(gè)PP在xl里,每個(gè)PP為32M,就是說(shuō)LV:xl一共有448M,# df -mFilesystem MB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4 960.00 676.88 30% 4780 3% /dev/hd2 4096.00 2415.31 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 2048.00 1857.68 10% 5463 2% /var/dev/hd3 4096.00 3815.14 7% 471 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 4096.00 3941.30 4% 127 1%

33、/home/proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 1024.00 938.47 9% 1951 1% /opt/dev/xl 448.00 0.00 100% 219 49% /home/xl01# chfs -a size=1024M /var (對(duì)/var進(jìn)行縮小到1024M)Filesystem size changed to 2097152# df -mFilesystem MB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4 960.00 676.88 30% 4780 3% /dev/hd2 4096.

34、00 2415.31 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 1024.00 833.84 19% 5463 3% /var/dev/hd3 4096.00 3815.14 7% 471 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 4096.00 3941.30 4% 127 1% /home/proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 1024.00 938.47 9% 1951 1% /opt/dev/xl 448.00 0.00 100% 219 49% /home/xl01# lsvg rootvgVOLUME GROUP: rootvg VG IDENTI

35、FIER: 000f911f00004c00000001363b4fd9dfVG STATE: active PP SIZE: 32 megabyte(s)VG PERMISSION: read/write TOTAL PPs: 542 (17344 megabytes)MAX LVs: 256 FREE PPs: 32 (1024 megabytes)LVs: 10 USED PPs: 510 (16320 megabytes)OPEN LVs: 9 QUORUM: 2 (Enabled)TOTAL PVs: 1 VG DESCRIPTORS: 2STALE PVs: 0 STALE PPs

36、: 0ACTIVE PVs: 1 AUTO ON: yesMAX PPs per VG: 32512 MAX PPs per PV: 1016 MAX PVs: 32LTG size (Dynamic): 256 kilobyte(s) AUTO SYNC: noHOT SPARE: no BB POLICY: non-relocatable從以上黃色部分可以看出命令執(zhí)行成功，/var縮小了，F(xiàn)REE PPs增加了。再次對(duì)/home/xl01進(jìn)行擴(kuò)大。# chfs -a size=+500M /home/xl01Filesystem size changed to 1966080成功# unz

37、ip 5300-08-10-1015.zip# cd /home/xl01# dfFilesystem 512-blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4 1966080 1386088 30% 4780 3% /dev/hd2 8388608 4946560 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 2097152 1707696 19% 5463 3% /var/dev/hd3 8388608 7813376 7% 471 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 8388608 8071792 4% 127 1% /home/

38、proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 2097152 1921984 9% 1951 1% /opt/dev/xl 1966080 920072 54% 230 1% /home/xl01# df -gFilesystem GB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4 0.94 0.66 30% 4780 3% /dev/hd2 4.00 2.36 42% 37476 7% /usr/dev/hd9var 1.00 0.81 19% 5463 3% /var/dev/hd3 4.00 3.73 7% 471

39、 1% /tmp/dev/hd1 4.00 3.85 4% 127 1% /home/proc - - - - - /proc/dev/hd10opt 1.00 0.92 9% 1951 1% /opt/dev/xl 0.94 0.44 54% 230 1% /home/xl01# ls5300-08-10-1015 5300-08-10-1015.zip# ls -ltotal 419384drwxr-xr-x 2 root system 8192 Mar 06 10:26 5300-08-10-1015-rw-r- 1 root system 214714261 Mar 08 06:57

40、5300-08-10-1015.zip# cd 5300-08-10-1015# lsU814966.bff U820901.bff U822119.bff U829491.bff U829561.bff U830500.bff U832250.bffU815942.bff U820902.bff U822122.bff U829492.bff U829562.bff U830501.bff U832251.bffU817235.bff U820907.bff U822123.bff U829501.bff U829563.bff U830502.bff U832252.bff# ls l 看一下執(zhí)行權(quán)限total 624704-rw-r-r- 1 root system 7