英國文學(xué)名詞解釋

1、英國文學(xué)名詞解釋課件上找的1) classicism2) realism3) sentimentalism1. Epic:史詩A long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. Manyepics were drawn from an oral form and were transmitted by song and recitation before they were written

2、down.2. Alliteration:頭韻A rhetorical device, meaning somewords in a sentence begin with the same consonant sound (頭韻).3. Kenning:比喻的復(fù)合辭(=metaphor)A figurative, usually compound expression used in place of a name or noun, especially in Old English and Old Norse poetry; for example, storm of swords is

3、a kenning for battle.4. Understatement: expressing something in a controlled way.5. Romance:傳奇A long composition, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, describing the life and adventures of a noble hero.6. Renaissance文藝復(fù)興(歐洲14至16世紀(jì))Renaissance in European history, refers to the period between 14th

4、 century to 17th century.“Renaissance" means “revival ” , the revival of interest in and getting rid of conservatism in feudalist Europe and introducing newideas that express the interests of the rising bourgeoisie.The Renaissance, which means “rebirth " or “revival ” , is actually an inte

5、llectual movement with a thirsting curiosity for classical literature （Ancient Greek and Roman culture） and the keen interest in the activities of humanity. It started in Italy and ended in England and Spain.7. Spenserian stanza: （英國詩人）斯賓塞詩體A nine-line stanza with the following rhyme scheme: ababbcb

6、cc.The first eight lines are written in iambic pentameter. The ninth line is written in iambic hexameter.8. Humanism:Key-note of the Renaissance, and the very weapon for the bourgeoisie to use in its fight against feudalism restrictions and the dominating influence of the church, which had rule d me

7、n' s minds for centuries .（課 件的）Humanismis the essence of the Renaissance. According to humanists, human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection and the world can be questioned, explored and enjoyed. （找的）9. The Elizabeth AgeThe Elizabeth Ag

8、e （1558-1603）: England enjoyed peaceful development under the rule of Queen Elizabeth I, who maintained a balance of between the Protestants and the Catholics.10. Sonnet:（十四行詩）A fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter. A sonnet generally expresses a single theme or idea

9、.11. Blank verse（ 無韻詩）:Verse written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.12. The English Commonwealth 英國聯(lián)邦I(lǐng)t is founded by Oliver Cromwell and the parliament army; The Revolution Period is also called Puritan Age-religious cloak.13.14. Metaphysical :(玄學(xué)派)Metaphysical is a school of poetry appeared about t

10、he beginning of the 17th century.Generally speaking, the works of the Metaphysical poets are characterized by mysticism in content and fantasticality in form.玄學(xué)派一般指17世紀(jì)出現(xiàn)的一個詩歌流派。玄學(xué)派詩歌一反傳統(tǒng)慣例，好 用別出心裁的奇喻，追求使人感到新奇甚至震驚的效果。總而言之，它們在內(nèi) 容上晦澀難懂，形式上標(biāo)新立異。15. Enlightenment:啟蒙運動An intellectual movement, the expres

11、sion of struggle of the progressive bourgeoisie against feudalism. The Enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudice and other survivals of feudalism.網(wǎng)上找的16. Heroic couplet:(introduced by Geoffrey Chaucer )It is the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter, a verse form in epic poet

12、ry, with lines of ten syllables and five stresses, in rhyming pairs.英雄詩體/英雄雙韻體：用于史詩或敘事詩，每行十個音節(jié)，五個音部，每 兩行押韻。17. couplet (兩行詩，對句)：Two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme.A heroic couplet is an iambic pentameter couplet. During the Restoration period and the 18th C. it was a popular verse form.18. i

13、ambic pentameter:抑揚格五音步A poetic line consisting of five Verse feet (penta- is from a Greekword meaning five II ), with each foot an iamb- that is, anunstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.19. Alliteration （押頭韻）：a repeated initial（ 開頭的）consonant（協(xié) 調(diào),致）to successive（ 連續(xù)的）words.20. Underst

14、atement （低調(diào)陳述）（for ironical humor ）21. Chronicle 編年史（a monument of Old English prose ）22. Ballads （民謠）（The most important department of English folk literature ）A ballad is a narrative poem that tells a story, and is usually meant to be sung or recited in musical form. An important stream of the Med

15、ieval folk literature.23. DramaA composition in prose or verse, adapted to be acted upon a stage, in which a story is related by means of dialogue and action, and is represented with accompanying gesture, costume, and scenery, as in real life.24. Comedy（S?。―rama form）A play written chiefly to amuse

16、 its audience by appealing to a sense of superiority over the characters depicted.25. Tragedy （Drama form）A serious play or novel representing the disastrous downfall of a central character, the protagonist.26. Blank Verse （無韻詩） Unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter.27. Allegory （寓言）A story with a dou

17、ble meaning: a primary or surface meaning, and a secondary or under-the-surface meaning28. essay （散文，隨筆）As a form of literature, the essay is a composition of moderate length, usually in prose, which deals in an easy way with the external conditions of a subject, and, in strictness, with thatsubject

18、, only as it affects the writer.29. Bourgeoisie,b ?Wd'zi:（中產(chǎn)階級）：the 18th Century Age ofBourgeoisie30. Romanticism:A movement in art and literature in the 18th and 19th centuriesin revolt against Neoclassicism of the previous centuries.31. Differences between the 18th & the 19th century; between Neoclassicism &