2020屆二輪復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)定語(yǔ)從句學(xué)案(2)

1、定語(yǔ)叢句洵一6 / 11閱讀理解中的長(zhǎng)難句;考關(guān)系詞：語(yǔ)法填空（不給提示詞）和短文改錯(cuò)（增刪關(guān)系詞、關(guān)系詞用錯(cuò)）知識(shí)剖析）關(guān)系代詞，副詞引導(dǎo) 的蜜弗L：限制性和非限制性定從初中定語(yǔ)M句I整體概念介詞 fhkh whom情景導(dǎo)人）讀句子，猜猜他是誰(shuí)?He is a player who is very famous in the world.Heplaysfootballwhichispopularallovertheworld.Heisamanwhosewifeisaworld-famoussinger.He lives in the country where the 2012 Olympi

2、c was held.Hewastheleaderoftheteamintheyearwhenthe18thWorld Cup washeld.Do you know the reason why he is so famous and successful?精講精練炳漢息一定語(yǔ)從句的概念、定語(yǔ)的概念He is a blablabla man.句子中修飾名詞或代詞的成分叫做定語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)可以由形容詞，名詞，不定式，分詞，動(dòng)名詞或從句來(lái)充當(dāng)，且定語(yǔ)往往翻譯為“的”。:即學(xué)即練 指出下列句子中的定語(yǔ)由何種詞句充當(dāng)： I have a pretty dog. 答案：pretty 形容詞 He is in

3、 the reading room. 答案：reading 現(xiàn)在分詞:、定語(yǔ)從句的概念He is a man who blablabia.史語(yǔ)從物在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫先行詞（跑在前面的詞），定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。 在先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間起連接作用的詞叫關(guān)系詞1）定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)：圈出每句中被修飾的名詞He is a player who is very famous in the world.Heplaysfootball which ispopularallovertheworld.Heisamanwhosewifeisaworld-

4、famoussinger.He lives in the country where the 2012 Olympic was held.Hewastheleaderoftheteamintheyear when the18thWorld Cup washeld.Sou know the reason why he is so famous and successful?；即學(xué)即練 J指出如下句子的先行詞、關(guān)系詞和定語(yǔ)從句:The boy who broke the window is Tom s brother.He was the leader of the team in the yea

5、r when the 18th World Cup was held.先行詞：the boy、the year關(guān)系詞：who、when定語(yǔ)從句：who broke the window is Tom s brother.when the 18th World Cup washeld.2）為什么有不同的關(guān)系詞?房們?nèi)硕?！窩們?nèi)藥?He is a player who is very famous in the world.拆分：He is a player.The player is very famous in the world.（主語(yǔ)）拆分句子，并觀察先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分。I hav

6、e never seen the girl who you mentioned yesterday.She is the teacher who we want to visit.關(guān)系詞常有三個(gè)作用：1 .引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句2 .代替先行詞3 .在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分結(jié)論：在定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系詞如何選擇，關(guān)鍵要看先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作什么樣的成分。但先行詞可以是人、物、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因等，所以要區(qū)分開講。知識(shí)點(diǎn)二關(guān)系代詞常見(jiàn)的關(guān)系代詞r即學(xué)即練關(guān)系代詞先行詞旬中成分例句who人主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)（可省略）A teacher is a person who/that passes knowledge to st

7、udents.He is the man( who/ whom/ that) I sawyesterday.whom人賓語(yǔ)（可省略）The woman (whom) you met in the street isKate.whose人或物定語(yǔ)Please pass me the book whose cover is green. The man whose son is a doctor is our professor.which物主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)（可省略）This is the room in which he lived last year.Football is a game which

8、/that is liked by most boys.that人或物主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)（可省略），表語(yǔ)Is there anything (that) I can do for you?is learning English over there.1) I know the boy you often go to school with. father is a teacher.toMike is talking.costs me 61 Yuan.2) I like the bookmy father bought for me.cover is purple.答案： 1 ) who/that ；

9、who/whom/that ； whose ； whom 2 ) which/that ； which/that ； whose1. 易用 who 不用 that 的情況 先行詞是指人的不定代詞，如 one ， anyone ， onone ， all 等，或先行詞為 those 指 人時(shí)。The student you should learn from is the one who works hard an studieswell. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。The famous film star, who tries to make a comeback, draws a lot of

10、 attention. 一個(gè)句子中帶有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，且先行詞都為人時(shí)，其中一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞是that ，另一個(gè)一般應(yīng)用 who 。The boy that you meet last night is the group leader who studies very2. 宜用 that 不用 which 的情況口訣：這里不日重贅二表婿 這 當(dāng)主句以 here ， there 開頭時(shí)。? Here is a hotel that you ve been looking for. 不 不定代詞后， 如 something ， anything ， everything ， much, fe

11、w, none, all? All that glitters is not gold. 閃閃發(fā)光的并不都是金子/ 人不可貌相 日 the ，有幾個(gè)短語(yǔ)the only, the just, the very, the right ， thelast 等后。You are the right person that I want to see. 重 重復(fù)，如果前面有which 或 who ，后面不要再出現(xiàn)which 或 who ，而要用 that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。? Which is the true story that he told us? 贅 最高級(jí)，前面如果有最高級(jí)，后面要用 that

12、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。? This is the most interesting movie that I have seen this year. 二人+物，先行詞是人和物的時(shí)候，后面要用that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。? They are talking about the people and the thing that they can remember. 表當(dāng)先行詞在主句中作表語(yǔ)，而關(guān)系代詞本身在定語(yǔ)從句中也作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。? The city is no longer the place that it used to be. 婿序數(shù)詞，前面如果有序數(shù)詞，后面要用that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。? This

13、 is the third book that i have finished this year.3. 宜用 which 不用 that 的情況 在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，且介詞位于關(guān)系代詞前時(shí)。? This is the room in which he lives. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。? Tom came back, which made us very happy. 在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，如果有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中前句的關(guān)系代詞是that ，那么后一句的關(guān)系代詞就要用 which 。8/ 11Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from

14、 the librarywhich was newly ope.做題兩步走：1 .找到從句劃括號(hào)：連接詞起，第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞前止2 .根據(jù)成分選連詞一看指人還是物，二看介詞在何處;三看充當(dāng)啥成分，四看是否屬特殊。4 .先行詞是句子(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)關(guān)系詞位置意思用法as旬首或旬中正如多用被動(dòng)which句中/ ,這件事，那件事多用主動(dòng)常見(jiàn)的固定表達(dá)有as we all know 正如大家所知as is well-know眾所周知as often happens這經(jīng)常發(fā)生 as is often the case情況總是如止匕as(is) mentioned above如上所述 as has been

15、 said before如前所述as I can remember 正如我所記得的 as has been pointed out 正如已經(jīng)指出的as may be imagined正如可以想象出來(lái)的那樣as we expect/ as is expected正如我們預(yù)料的那樣拓展：(1) as用作關(guān)系代詞，既可指人，也可指物。在定語(yǔ)從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，它常在 so/suchas、the same as等結(jié)構(gòu)中,as不能省略。There is no such place as you dream of in this world.I have the same tro

16、uble as you have.(2)當(dāng)先行詞被thesame修飾時(shí)，也可用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。用that引導(dǎo)時(shí)指同一 物，as引導(dǎo)指同類。? This is the same bike that l lost two months ago.這就是兩個(gè)月前我丟的那輛自行車。? This is the same bike as I lost two months ago.這輛自行車像我兩個(gè)月前丟的那輛。(3)先行詞前有such或as修飾時(shí)，從句用as引導(dǎo)，構(gòu)成 such as”結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的 定語(yǔ)從句，而such/so.that.結(jié)構(gòu)意為如此以至于，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。翻譯：答案：她是一個(gè)人人都尊

17、敬答案：她是一個(gè)好老She is such a good teacher as everyone respects.的好老師She is such a good teacher that everyone respects her.師，人人都尊敬的。5 .先行詞是代詞先判斷其指代人還是指代物，再?zèng)Q定用哪個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞I don t like those who talk much but do little.The sleeping tigers are bigger than those which are trained there.一.將下列句子合并為定語(yǔ)從句1) The boys are f

18、rom Class One- Tlie boys are playing football42) I found the letter. The kttcr came yesterday.3) The man is niy friend. You met the man just now4) This is the pen. Hd boulit tliepen yeteiday.5) I helped the man. The iiluils car was bioken.二、填空題1) The man coat is black is waiting at the gate.2) Her sister,you met at my home, was a teacher of English.3) These book are for students mother language is not English.4) Please tell me from you borrowed the English novel.5) This is the person you are looking for.6) That tree,branches are almost bare, is very old.7) The