雅思圖表作文

1、I.雅思圖表的5種類型:雅思圖表作文講義李燕飛Family typeiPVQfKHlk>n of people from cch twuhM type Iking in ptrrtrf>gifig怛 aged person6% ,000)aged couple4% wtxxnsingle, no children19% (眄皿couple* no children7% 1.000)so電 cafert21% 血OOP)couple with Gb'Wren12% f933.000)一_ all11% 11TB37,阿卜一-1) table表格題線圖（直線圖和曲線圖）2) l

2、ine graph3) bar chart柱狀圖（條形圖）V&jHchIctifBlnrrw餅狀圖4) pie chart5) process diagram 流程圖II.雅思圖表寫作的文體特點：1 .Examples:1) Consumption has fluctuated since 1990 but both now provide 24q. Coal is predicted to increase steadily to 31q in 2030, whereas after 2014, gas will remain stable at 25 q.2) These caus

3、es affected different regions differently in the 1990s, with Europe having as much as 9.8% of degradation due to deforestation, while the impact of this on Oceania and North America was minimal, with only 7.1% and 0.2% of land affected respectively. Europe, with the highest overall percentage of lan

4、d degraded (23%), also suffered from over-cultivation (7.7%) and over-grazing (5.5%). By contrast, Oceania had 13% of degraded farmland and this was mainly due to over grazing (11.3%).2.Wn!e at 150 號時3£-JYcu should spend 20 minuis 8 世 傳 laskKMmH Mir小小-4LMilriiir* I酊 I" I K, <ki«>

5、;iwr IKfcmhir l*W3af LX jhfHAljrkm mb4 :，尸. ：l!En in/f/rnjiU1n E Nrrfiw rL，中不療卡 "行，.；皿二"""Model writing:JI，嘰g即焉向-4.，個 H.Y，二公 4 (> f, H 山 Ui Hj U 1)0 ：，時中皿 b：MNnfjnMidnighlTime *1 Ci> or。1曲1The line graph shows the information about UK radio and TV audience over 4 years oldt

6、hrough the day (6am to 6am the next day) in the period from October to December, 1992.As can be seen from the line graph, the size of the TV audience fluctuated over the 24 hours.From 6am to 8am it experienced a slight rise from around 4% of the UK population over four years old to about 7%. From 8a

7、m to midday, the figure remained stable. After that, thee proportion of people watching TV in the UK rose sharply until 8pm, peaking at just over 43%. The figure then fell back to around 4% by 6am the next morning.The size of the radio audience also experienced significant fluctuations over the same

8、 period.However, unlike the TV audience, the size of the radio audience increased rapidly from 6am (with about 7% of the British population over 4 years old listening to the radio) to 8am, reading its peak at 27%. Over the next 22 hours, the figure saw a consistent decrease, with the exception of a

9、slight rise from 11% at 4pm to 14% at 5pm.It is clear that before 2pm, the proportion of people listening to the radio in the UK was higher than the proportion of people watching TV. After that, more people in the UK watched TV . Overall, in these 24 hours, the size of the TV audience was lager than

10、 that of the radio audience.2. 圖表寫作的特點：1) 客觀性：2) 準確性：數(shù)據(jù)力求精確；合理目測和估計。3) 詳盡性：非“面面俱到” ；關(guān)鍵數(shù)據(jù)和信息；適當?shù)谋容^。III . 決定成敗的準備工作：1. 審題：1 )仔細看圖，看清單位；2)不要輕視在圖表周圍給出的標題；3)看清楚圖例；4)數(shù)字力求準確，但如無精確坐標表示，可以目測或者估計數(shù)字。2. 是否會確定主體段應該寫幾段：1 )題中給出了幾個圖就對應的寫幾個主體段；2 ) 若只有一圖， 就要看這一個圖里面包含幾類圖形元素， 然后對應地對每類圖形元素寫一個主體段；3. 是否能快速確定每部分的結(jié)構(gòu)；段落句數(shù)作用開

11、頭段1-2句改寫原題主體段11+X句每個主體段A句形體概括，X句具體介紹數(shù)字主體段N結(jié)尾段1-2句結(jié)尾段的第一句介紹總數(shù)total,但如果途中并沒有明確地給出總數(shù)，這句話就/、寫。 一定/、要再去回蛇添足地對圖例的數(shù)據(jù)求 總和，因為劍橋官方明確規(guī)定只考查描述 能力，但不考查運算能力。第二句話是做 結(jié)論，只要確實是根據(jù)圖例的數(shù)據(jù)得出的 有一定合理性的結(jié)論就可以，幾輪并不是 只后唯一的固定答案。IV .三種段落的寫法1 .開頭段EX1 :原題： The pie chart below show units of electricity production by fuel source in Au

12、stralia and France in 1980 and 2000.開頭段： The chart compare the sources of electricity in Australia and France in the years 1980 and 2000.EX2:原題： The graph below shows the quantities of goods transported in the UK between 1974 and 2002 by four different modes of transport.開頭段：The graph illustrates th

13、e quantities of goods transported in the United Kingdom byfour different modes of transport between the time period of 1974 and 2002.EX3:原題： The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999.2 . 主體段：概括句 +X 句1 )主體段首句的寫法：概括該圖例的總體變化趨勢；概括該圖包含

14、幾個部分：A. 如果圖里存在著時間的推移，那么段首句就概括該圖形的總體變化趨勢；B.如果圖里并不存在時間推移，那么段首句就概括該圖形由幾個部分組成(但如果該圖形的組成部分很少，則可以考慮省略本句) 。2 )主體段首局后的X 句寫法： X 句要具體介紹數(shù)據(jù)，按順序介紹，關(guān)鍵數(shù)據(jù)誓死不漏，非關(guān)鍵數(shù)據(jù)盡量多寫。A. 要盡可能地按照有規(guī)律的順序來介紹數(shù)據(jù)；常規(guī)的線圖(lie graph) 一般都有時間的推移，要按照從左到右的自然順序介紹即可；(2常規(guī)的柱狀圖(bar chart),如果橫軸上有時間的變化，那么也按照從左到右的自然順序介紹 ; 如果柱狀圖的橫軸上沒有時間變化， 把各柱所對應的數(shù)值按照從大

15、到小的順序排列之后在介紹會寫得更快更有條理；見 EX1常規(guī)的餅圖(pie chart),按照所占份額從大到小的順序來依次介紹最清楚；表格題(table)按照行或列的順序依次介紹數(shù)據(jù)都能寫清楚，自己選擇其中一種順序固定練習即可， 但在介紹每一行(或者每一列)的數(shù)字的時候，都是把這幾個數(shù)字按照從大到小的順序排好，然后依次介紹；B. 按順序介紹數(shù)字并不意味著必須要 “地毯式地覆蓋” 全部數(shù)字， 盡可能多介紹一些數(shù)字就可以，而且對關(guān)鍵數(shù)字要做到滴水不漏。一旦出現(xiàn)就必須“老實交代”的 7類特征數(shù)據(jù)：起始點：只要圖里存在著時間變化就肯定有；終止點：同上；(3變化趨勢：同上轉(zhuǎn)折點：只要圖里面出現(xiàn)波動就肯定有

16、；(5極值：包括極大值和極小值，任何關(guān)于數(shù)字的圖形里必有；交點：只有l(wèi)ine graph里面才有，其本質(zhì)是兩根線在那個點上的數(shù)值相同；百分比：各類圖里都可能有，但是餅圖和表格里的百分比考的尤其多。m“WTFM FT>irinjT«i <E 1E& 工口 ”a. . jr.* 1rlTiidJjff* M_n" 心”皿y .uhr Jxr.|Lfc-P>B-rri *.*JW * *r-jj- - - J «A«hsdFf MJdfaf <f"j*ji i-»ir *t*F*«-» ,

17、*/xc，寸 ifxr-.e-足一5”，X 1*2 z* E4EF 2 H、”"2"5川M-r<?T<>i'MP-ver rrujrrwdm2由一 anvuMl N*1 4iri i bi il： l' -i24K>OI Q* 1%1 jiFirJSlf «t»4 UM- <>F iMlUiKE A.HHV r-b< M>i . ISIIJ nd XHbH51*70 ZCKIOJThe first bar chart shows data about marriage and divorce

18、 rates in the U.S. Between 1970 and 2000, while the second bar chart gives information about the material status of adult Americans in 1970 and 2000.It is clear that the first bar chart that the marriage rate was consistently higher than the divorce rate over the thirty-year period. In 1970 the numb

19、er of marriages stood at 2.5 million while the number of divorce was 1 million. Over the next decade, the number of marriages remained stable, whereas the number of divorces increased to 1.4 million over the same period. Then the number of marriage gradually fell to 2 million over the following twen

20、ty years. The number of divorces also experienced a downward trend, reaching 1.4 million in 1990 and ending at 1 million in 2000.The second bar chart shows that married people accounted for the greatest proportion of the adult American population in both 1970 and 2000 (70% and 59% respectively). The

21、 percentage of Americans adults who never married was 14% in 1970 and 20% in 2000. By contrast, people who were widowed represented 8% of the population in 197 and 6% in 2000. It is particularly noticeable that divorced couples only constituted 2% of the American population in 1970 but in 2000, the

22、figure rose to 9% a 4.5 times increase.Overall, the marriage rates were significantly higher than the divorce rates over the three decades, and married population made up the largest proportion of the American population in both 1970 and 2000.3. 結(jié)尾段的寫法：寫 12 句，第一句寫總數(shù)（如果題目確實給出了總數(shù)的話） ，第二句做結(jié)論。1 ） 如果題目里出

23、現(xiàn)了 total （總數(shù)）的話，最好不要在主體段里介紹，那樣很容易混論，放到結(jié)尾段的第一句介紹則文章結(jié)構(gòu)能清楚很多，而且也有助于第二句話做出自然的結(jié)論。 但是如果題目里面并沒有明確給出 total ， 那么結(jié)尾段就不用寫總數(shù)了， 不要自己去“求和” ，直接總結(jié)上文做結(jié)論；2）結(jié)尾段最后一句的結(jié)論只要是合理并且客觀的（確實基于圖里所給出的數(shù)據(jù)，而不是自己任意想象， “添油加醋” ） 就是可以接受的， 而且多數(shù)題目也并不是只能有一種正確結(jié)論。 永遠要牢記： 圖表題的主要目的是靠你的英語寫作能力而不是考數(shù)學， 所以一般結(jié)尾段結(jié)論都還是比較清晰的，即使考官自己也并不希望吧結(jié)論想得過于深奧。主體段介紹數(shù)

24、據(jù)或描述變化趨勢的常用詞一網(wǎng)打盡動詞1)表示上升的動詞go uprise: v. & n.experience a upward trend:2) 表示急劇上升的動詞jumpsurge: v. & n.3) 表示下降的動詞decline: v. & n.increase: v. & n.grow:shoot upsoarfall: v. & n.drop: v. & n.decrease: v. & n.4) 表示急劇下降的動詞dipexperience a downward trendplummet5) 表示由 組成的短語plungeB

25、e made up ofconsist of6) 表示波動的動詞fluctuate: v. fluctuation n.7) 表示穩(wěn)定在某一水平上的詞組remain stable at:be composed ofcomprise/be comprised ofE.g.: Its consumption levels remained stable at around 14% over the three decades.8) 表示經(jīng)歷了某種變化的及物動詞 :See/ experience / witnessE.g.: The cost of the furniture and equipme

26、nt saw an opposite trend.The unemployment reate in Europe experienced a sharp increase from 2.5% to approximately 9% in the late 1970s.9) 表示到達最高點的詞組peak atreach its peak atreach the highest level at10) 表示到達最低點的詞組 reach its lowest point atfall to its lowest point atreach its lowest level at11) 介紹趨勢時表示多少數(shù)量的及物動詞或詞組reach （表示“達到”多少）stand at （表示“位于”多少）12） 表示占多少份額的動詞：account forrepresent13） 表示將來數(shù)字的預測：expectproject14） 表示變成原來數(shù)值的兩倍或三倍的動詞：doubleincrease threefold: 變成原來的三倍E.g.:15） 表示是另一事物的兩倍或三倍的表達：make u