深圳牛津英語八年級下冊重點知識點總結(jié)(單詞短語和語法)

1、初二英語下學(xué)期學(xué)習(xí)資料Unit 1I.單詞與短語：1. raise money 籌錢 raise sth.舉起某物sth. rise 某物上升2. permit (v.)允許permission (n.) 準(zhǔn)許； 批準(zhǔn)3. able有能力的disabled有殘疾的；喪失能力的4. offer sth. to sb. = offer sb. sth.提供某物名某人offer to do-主動提出做某事5. suffer from 遭受之苦 6. illness=sickness 疾病 ill=sick 病的7. organize (v.)organization (n.)組織 8. expres

2、s 表達(dá) expression 表情9. pain痛苦painful痛苦的 10. alone獨自一人lonely孤獨的11. difficult 困難的 difficulty 困難trouble 12. joy 愉快 joyful 快樂的13. hurt =injure 受傷 hurt=injured 受傷的 14. in peace平安地；平靜地15. pay (paid;paid) 付費 sb. pays money for sth. = sb. spends money on sth.=It costs sb. money某人花錢買某物16. in order to do 一為了做-I

3、I.課文1. give sb. a hand= help sbr 幫助某人2. teach sb. to do sth 教某人做某事3. volunteer 志愿 voluntary 志愿的4. a girl called 一 一個被叫做-的女孩5. take some photos 拍一些照片6. continue to do-繼續(xù)做7. child 孩子(復(fù)數(shù)是：children)8. have difficulty doing - 有困難做-9. in the future 在將來 10. need to do-需要做-11. in good health 身體好 in bad heal

4、th 身體差 in high spirits 興高采烈12. be afraid of 害，怕-be afraid to do-不敢做 13. look after= take care of 照看 14. enjoy doing-喜愛做15. in ones spare time在-業(yè)余時間里 16. in hospital 住院 in a hospital 在醫(yī)院里16. used to do-過去常做17. make friends with-與-交朋友18. in some way在某方面19. advice建議(不可數(shù)名詞)20. forget/remember to do-忘記 /

5、記得該做 forget/remember doing-忘記 /記得已做21. take part in參加(活動；考試；競賽；運(yùn)動會等)22. Thanks for sth-=Thank you for sth 謝謝某人某事23. That would be very kind of you.你真好 24. bring sth to sb 帶某人給某人25. think about doing sth. 考慮做III.語法：動詞不定式1 .作賓語：動詞+to do-如：decide to do-決定做 want to do-想要做- begin to do-開始做- hope to do-希望

6、做- plan to do-計劃做- would like to do- 想要做-2 .作賓語不足語：動詞+sb.to do-如：want sb. to do-想要某人做- ask sb.to do-要求某人做 但 在let /make之后省去to.結(jié)構(gòu)為:let/make sb. do-讓/使某人做-3 .作狀語，表示目的。He went there to see his friend. She used a brush to paint a picture of a park.Unit 2I.單詞與短語：1. communicate (v.) communication (n.) 溝通；

7、交流 2. receive 收至U accept 接受3. reject=refuse 拒絕 4. mean (v.應(yīng)思是 meaning (n.) 意義； 意思4. boring令人厭煩的 bored感到厭煩的be bored with一對一一厭煩5. part-time job 兼職 full-time job 全職 express 表達(dá) expression 表情6. put on 穿上 wear 穿著 dress sb給某人穿衣be well dressed 穿著好看的7. Whats the matter with-?=What is wrong with?=what happene

8、d to -? 怎么了 ？8. appear 出現(xiàn) appearance 外貌； 外表disappear消失 cross=go across 穿過9. impress (v.)給-印象 impression ER象make a impression on 一給一一留下好印象10. remind sb. of /about sth.提醒某人某事remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事11. nod ones head 點頭 shake ones head 搖頭 shake hands with sb與某人握手12. shake (shook; shook)搖動 hold (hel

9、d; held)握??；使保持13. be sure of sth_X確信 make sure 確信 14. take place = happen 發(fā)生II.課文1. talk to sb.與某人談話2. look down 向下看 look up 向上看 3. enter= go into 進(jìn)入4. walk over to 向-走過去 walk away 走開 5. cheerful=happy 快樂的6. instead 代替(放在句首或句末)instead of =in place of 代替 7. the way you communicate 你溝通的方式 8. get a cha

10、nce to speak獲得說話的機(jī)會9. the expression on the face 臉上的表情10. feel welcome 感到受歡迎11. sit up straight 坐直 12. try doing 一 嘗試做 一一13. smile at 對-微笑14. minutes later 幾分鐘后15. with a smile 帶著微笑 16. come over 過來17. at once 立刻 18. at the moment 止匕亥 419. teach sb. sth教某人某事20. think over仔細(xì)考慮 21. open打開 close關(guān)閉 open

11、開的 closed關(guān)閉的22. rest ones head on one s hand 頭靠在手上23. had better (not) do sth.最好(不)彳K-24.fun有趣的；趣味III.語法：動名詞(doing)動名詞：具有動詞與名詞的特點，表示動作與活動。用法：1 .作主語(動詞用單數(shù))：Dancing is her favourite hobby. Smiling shows you are happy.2 .作賓語：(1).動詞+doing如：enjoy doing-;imagine doing-;practice doingfinish doing-;mind doi

12、ng-(2)介詞 +doing如： be good at doing-;look forward to doing-;be interested in doing-what about doing-; feel like doing-Unit 3I.單詞與短語：1. describe (v.)描述 description (n.) 描述2. fit (v.)適合 (adj.)健康的=healthy3. be/get ready for sth.為做準(zhǔn)備be ready to do sth.準(zhǔn)備做某事4. reach= get to= arrive in/at 至U達(dá)5. attract (v)

13、吸引attraction (n.)吸引人的地方6. require =need 需要 sb. require to do sth.某人需要做某事 require doing-某物需要被做 一7. hang (hung, hung)懸掛8. practise doing sth.練習(xí)做 9. a pair of scissors 把剪刀10. health 健康 healthy 健康的11. luck運(yùn)氣 lucky幸運(yùn)的 luckily 幸運(yùn)地12. What is the size of sth-= How big is sth?某物有多大？13. simple簡單的simply簡單地14.

14、 love熱愛 lovely可愛的；迷人的15. no more = no any more 不再II.課文1. fish魚(單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)同形)fisherman漁夫 2. mouse老鼠(復(fù)數(shù)是 mice) 3. next time 下次4. although =though雖然(在英語中，”雖然一一但是“不能同時出現(xiàn))Although he is young, he can swim.= He is young, but he can swim.5. use sth. to do sth.使用某物做某事He often uses his hand to draw some pictures.6

15、. catch fish 抓魚 7. be good at doing一= do well in doing-擅長做某事8. dive down 潛下 9. up to 達(dá)到 10. in the late afternoon 在傍晚11. stop-(from) doing sth.=prevent-(from) doing sth. =keep -from doing sth. 阻止-做 某事12. tieto 把系在某地13. push into 把推進(jìn) 14. several 幾個15. jump up and down 跳上跳下on a boat 在小船上16. at the fro

16、nt of -在-前部17. throw-into-把 扔進(jìn)-18. this type of fishing 這類捕魚19. in South-East China在中國東部地區(qū)20. in the area在這個地區(qū)21. in 50 years 在 50 年后 22. there will be 將有 23.in the world 在世界上III.語法：被動語態(tài)1 .語態(tài)分為主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，即動作是有主語 進(jìn)行的。被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即動作是由by的賓語進(jìn)行的。2 .被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞。3 .各種時態(tài)的構(gòu)成：(1)

17、 .一般現(xiàn)在時：動詞原形或動詞第三單數(shù)形式。They usually play football on Sunday. He often cleans the room in the morning.(2) .一般過去時：動詞的過去式She read a book last night.(3) .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：助動詞(am/is/are)+動詞(-ing)We are singing an English song now.(4) .一般將來時：助動詞(will/shall)+動詞原形They will plant trees in the park tomorrow.4 .各種被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：

18、(1) .一般現(xiàn)在時：助動詞(am/is/are)+過去分詞Football are usually played by them on Sunday. The room is often cleaned by him in the morning.(2) .一般過去時：助動詞(was/were)+過去分詞A book was read by her last night.(3) .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：助動詞(am/is/are)+being +過去分詞An English song is being sung by us now.(4) .一般將來時：助動詞(will/shall)+be+過去分詞T

19、rees will be planted by them in the park tomorrow.Unit 4I.單詞與短語：1. warn (v.)警告 warning (n.)警告；告示 2. think 思考 thought 思想；想法3. effect效果 effective有效的 4. base基石basic基礎(chǔ)的；基本5. please (v.)使高興；使?jié)M意pleased高興的；滿意的 pleasant友好 的；文雅6. detail 細(xì)節(jié) detailed 詳細(xì)的 7. appear 出現(xiàn) appearance夕卜表 disappear 消失8. act表演 actor男演員

20、 actress女演員 9. on a team在隊里10. an island 一個小島 11. storm 暴風(fēng)雨 stormy暴風(fēng)雨的12. make it = succeed 獲得成功II.課文1. look at oneself in the mirror 照鏡子 2. in the world 在世界上3. use sth to do sth使用做某事 4. addto把增加到5. how to make cartoons如何制作動畫片6. in a magazine在雜志里7. some information (不可數(shù)名詞)一些信息8. need to do -需要做9. at

21、 the underground station在地鐵站10. bring 帶來 take 拿走11. forget/remember to do-右 t 己/t 己住該做forget/remember doing-芯記/記住已做-12. in the second stage在第二階段13. think about= consider 考慮14. what-look like 外貌如何15.a little different from 一點不同于16. finally= at last= in the end 最終 17. noise 嘈雜聲 sound 聲音 voice嗓音18. sho

22、uld be made應(yīng)該被制作has been checked已經(jīng)被檢查19. be ready to be played 準(zhǔn)備被播放20. as well as 以及21. a boy called-一個被叫做-的男孩22. on another planet 在另一個星球上23. in the year 2200 在 2200 年 24. show sth. to sb.=show sb. sth展示 某物給某人25. have a look 看一看 26. watch the steps、心臺階 27.go this way 這邊走 28. watch out=look out =be

23、 careful 注意；小心 29. pick-up撿起來30. a pair of 一雙；一副；一對 31. look funny看起來滑稽的III .語法：被動語態(tài)(二)1 .含有情態(tài)動詞主動結(jié)構(gòu)：情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形Can she sing English songs. We should help the old people.You mustnt play football in the street.被動結(jié)構(gòu)：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞Can English songs be sung by her? The old people should be helped by us.Foot

24、ball mustnt be played by you in the street.2 .現(xiàn)在完成時：主動結(jié)構(gòu)：助動詞(have/ha9 +過去分詞We have learnt English for three years. She has cleaned the room.被動結(jié)構(gòu)：助動詞(have/has +been+過去分詞The room has been cleaned by her.A lot of many trees have been planted by them in the park.Unit 5I.單詞與短語：1. endanger (v.危及；使遭受危險enda

25、ngered瀕危的2. bamboo竹子(是不可數(shù)名詞)an adult 一個成年人或動物3. weight (n.)重量 weigh (v.) 稱-重量 heavy 重的What is your weight?=How much do you weigh?= How heavy are you?你多重？put on weght 增加體重lose weight 減肥4. kilogram=kilo 千克； 公斤 photograph=photo相片(kilo 與 photo 的復(fù) 數(shù)都是加-So )5. What is the population?= How nany people are

26、there帝多少人口 ?6. behave (v.凄現(xiàn) behaviour (n.)行為； 舉止 7.danger危險 dangerous 危險的8. birth (n.)出生 birthday 生日 at birth 在出生時 be born 出生9. centre中心central在中心的；中央的 10. cruel殘忍的 kind 仁慈的11. organize (v.)fi織 organization (n.)組織；機(jī)構(gòu) 12. face臉;面對13. Asia 亞洲 Asian 亞洲的 14. on one s own= by oneself= alone 獨自II.課文1. in

27、black and white穿著黑白相間的衣服 2. a kind of 一種3. The rest of-的其余部分4.live high up in the mountians 住在高山峻嶺中5. west 西方 wester 西方的 6. as much as 多達(dá)-7. eat a lot 吃彳艮 多8. stay healthy 保持健康 9. more than 超過 10. climb trees 爬樹11. strong enough 足夠強(qiáng)壯的 12. cut down trees 砍伐樹木13. two tothree feet tall 兩到三英尺高14. give b

28、irth to 生育15. throw sth.at -朝仍某物16. feel sorry about-Xt-感到遺憾17. at least 至少 18. an honest man 個誠實的人 19. fly away 飛走20. some other people其他一些人21. sheep 綿羊；fish 魚（單復(fù)數(shù)同形）22. right now 立刻 23. do a lot of walking 走了很多路24. show sb. the way to-給某人指-的路 25. should 應(yīng)該 shouldnt 不應(yīng)該26. What else 其它什么-27. write

29、to-寫信給-III .語法：1. It is +形容詞+for sb. to do sth.做某事對于某人來說 。（這里的形容詞表示事物的特征）It is important for us to learn English. It is good for people to walk after supper.2. It is 形容詞 +of sb. to do sth. = sb. is + 形容詞 to do sth.某人感到一 做某事。（這里當(dāng)代形容詞表示人的品質(zhì)、情感或看法）It is kind of you ti help me with English.It is cruel o

30、f them to kill pandas.3. be用容詞enough to do sth足夠-做某事。He is strong enough to protect himself.She is not old enough to go to school.= He is too young to go to school.Unit 6I.單詞與短語：1. respond to -=answer-回答-2. complaint （n.） 投訴； 抱怨 complain （v.） 抱怨 complain about sth. 抱怨某事complain to sb. 向某人抱怨3. cause=

31、 lead to 弓I4. the reason for sth.的原因5. feed (fed; fed) 喂養(yǎng)6. be responsible for =be in charge of 負(fù)責(zé) responsibility =duty 責(zé)任7. noise 噪音；noisy 吵鬧的 noisily 喧鬧地 8. nearly= almost 幾乎 hardly 幾9. strange 陌生的 stranger陌生人 10. common 常見的 commonly 常見地11. choice (n.)選擇 choose (v.)選擇12. lie (lay； lain)躺 lie (lied

32、； lied)說謊13. pay attention to (doing)-注意 14. scare (v.)fh害，怕scared 恐懼的15. believe sb.相信某人而話believe in sb. =trust sb.信任某人16. care for=look after=take care of 照顧 17. until 直至U 為止 not -until 直到-18. keep sb. from doing-= stop sb. (from) doing-=prevent sb. (from) doing -阻止某人做19. die of死于(某種病況或自然死亡)die fr

33、om 死于(意外事件)20. keep on doing -= go on doing - 繼續(xù)做-一II.課文1. had better(not) do 一最好(不)做-2. keep a dog 養(yǎng)狗3. yet還，已經(jīng)(用在否定句或疑問句句末，句子木完成時)already已經(jīng)(用在肯定句中，句子用完成時)I havent finished my homework yet. Have you finished homework yet?I have already finished my homework.4. take a walk去散步 go for a walk去散步 5. head

34、 to head交頭接耳地6. hold them in our arms把他們抱在懷里7. grow up長大；成長8. see sb. do sth.看見某人做某事9. learn-from (doing) - 向?qū)W習(xí)11. by keeping dogs 通過養(yǎng)狗13. opinion on sth.關(guān)于某事的觀點15. need to be washed 需要被清洗see sb. doing sth.看見某人在做某事10. help sb. (to) do sth.-幫助某人做某事12. happy 高興的 happiness 快樂14. have to do-不得木做16. bark

35、 at 朝吠叫17. all night 整夜 18. a number of -許多 a small number of 少量的19. right away 立刻 20. in a moment 一會兒后21. in the future 在將來22. be faithful to -對忠誠 23. walk a dog 遛狗 24. stay healthy 保持健康III .語法：副詞1 .含義：副詞用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子的詞。副詞修飾動詞時，可以放在動詞前后皆可He is doing his homework carefully now. Luckily , no one

36、 was hurt in the accident.2 .副詞中方式副詞居多，方式副詞的構(gòu)成：(1) .一般在形容詞后-ly。carefulcarefullyquickquickly(2) .輔音字母加y結(jié)港的詞改y為i,再片口-ly。easy easilyhappyhappily(3) .少數(shù)以 e 結(jié)良的要去掉 ej 加-y 或-ly。terribleterribly truetruly(4) . 不規(guī)貝U :goodwellHe is a good singer. He sings very well.3 .形容詞與副詞同形的詞early 早late 晚10ng 長much多 littl

37、e 少fast 快high 高low 低hard 努力far 遠(yuǎn) near 近straight 直接4 .副詞的比較級與最高級(1) .一般在詞尾加-er;-est。如：fastfaster fastest(2) .以-ly結(jié)尾或多音節(jié)詞的副詞，比較級前加more,最高級前加most。如：easilymore easilymost easily4.不規(guī)則副詞的比較級與最高級well好地一betterbest Ibadly 不舒月艮 /壞地worseworstmuch 多moremostlittle 少一less leastfar 遠(yuǎn)一farther farthest /furtherfurth

38、estUnit 7I.單詞與短語：1. unknown 未知的；不出名的 known=famous出名的be famous for sth.因某事而出名 China is famous for the Great Wall,be famous as 一一 因某職業(yè)（地位）而出名 He is famous as a writer.2. an astronaut個宇航員 a pilot 個飛行員 an alien 個外星人3. receive 收至 Ureceive a letter from sb.=hear from sb.收至 U某人的來信4. quiet安靜的quietly安靜地 terr

39、ible可怕的；非常討厭的terribly極其糟糕；非常=very5. frightened 感到害怕的frightening 令人恐懼的 6. discover （v.）發(fā)現(xiàn) discovery （n）.發(fā)現(xiàn) 7. fear 害怕 fearful=frightening 可怕的 8. feature=a living thing 生物9. wonder= want to know 想知道 10. spread ones wings 展翅高飛11. knife 小刀（復(fù)數(shù)是：knives）12. explain sth. to sb.向某人解釋某事explanation （n.）解釋13. p

40、leased高興的；滿意的 please使一高興（滿意）pleasant令人愉快的 pleasure愉快14. because 因為 （后面跟句子）She didnt come to school because she was ill.because of 因為-的原因（后面跟詞或短語 ）She didnt come to school because of her illness.15. in fear恐懼地；害怕地 16. agree with sb.同意某人的意見agree to sth.同意某件II.課文1 safe 安全的 一dangerous 危險的 2. quite sure

41、完全確信3 thousands of 幾千4. in the sky在天空上in space在太空上in the forest在森林里6. wake up 醒來7. at midnight 在半夜 8. look out of a window 看窗夕卜9. dive towards the ground急劇朝著地面下降10.hear a noise聽到一陣嘈雜聲11. see a red light看見一束紅燈12. mention sth. to sb.向某人提起某事13.I am sure= I believe 我相信 be sure of 一對確信 14. take off 起飛 la

42、nd 降落15. after school 放學(xué)后 after class下課后 16. reach= get to= arrive in （at）至U達(dá)17. hear sb. do sth.聽見某人做了某事 hear sb. doing sth.聽見某人正在做某事18. next to 貝占近 19. was damaged 被毀壞 20 appear= show up 出現(xiàn)21. make a noise 發(fā)出吵鬧聲 22. run away 跑掉 23. ugly 丑的 handsome英俊 的23. look like sth.看起來像某物 look看起來（后面跟形容詞）He loo

43、ks young.24. on a piece of paper 在一張紙上 25. Since 既然；因為26. no one else沒有其他人27. accept 接受 refuse 拒絕 refuse to do 一拒絕做一28. fly to 飛到 29. around= about 大約 30. fall into 掉入31. call the police 打電話報警 32. in the exam 在考試中III .語法原因狀語從句狀語從句可放在主句前，用逗號把主句分開；也可以放在主句后。表示原因的從句叫原因狀語從句。because; since;as都表示原因的連詞。語氣由強(qiáng)

44、至弱依次為：because- sinceas.1. because因為”表示直接原因，它所指的是聽話人不知道的原因。常用 why來回答。I stayed at home because it rained hard. Because she was ill, she did nt come to school.-Why is she not here?一Because she is ill.2. since既然”，從句表示顯然或已為人知的理由。通常放在句首，表示一種含有勉強(qiáng)語 氣的原因。 如： Since everyone is here, lets start.3. as表示的原因是雙方已知或顯而易見的，或者理由不是很重要。如：We all like her as she is kind.Unit 8I.單詞與短語1. apology (n.)道歉；歉意 apologize to sb. =say sorry to sb.向某人道2. excuse (n.)借口 ； 辯解 an excu