高一英語名詞性從句講解Word版

1、 名詞性從句1. 種類2.賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)。3. that什么情況下可以省略，什么情況下不可以省略。4. whether 和if 什么時(shí)候可以互換，什么時(shí)候不可以互換。5. 如何區(qū)分同位語從句與定語從句。完成以下題目，并分別指出它們是什么從句1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy.A. That B. What C. Why D. If2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home.A. that B. if C. whether D. what3. This is _ he

2、was often late for school.A. what B. that C. why D. whether4. We all know the truth _ the earth _ around the sun.A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move一名詞性從句的概念： 一個(gè)句子在連接詞的引導(dǎo)下，在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句。二名詞性從句的功能： 相當(dāng)于名詞詞組, 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等。His job is important. (主語)What he does

3、is important. (主語) This is his job. (表語)This is what he does every day. (表語)I dont like his job. (賓語) I dont like what he does every day. (賓語) I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher. (同位語)I dont know about the man, Mr. White. (同位語)得出結(jié)論：因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分為四類，即：主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。三引導(dǎo)名詞

4、性從句的連接詞：1、連接代詞：who, whoever, whose, whom, whomever, what, which。有詞義，在從句中擔(dān)任成分，如主語、表語、賓語、或定語等。l I dont believe _ he has achieved so far.l _ breaks the law should be punished.2、連接副詞：when, where, why, how。有詞義，在從句中擔(dān)任成分，作狀語。l _ we will hand in the project will be discussed later.l Parents are thought to u

5、nderstand _ important education is to their childrens future.l The reason _ he was absent was that he was ill.3、連接詞：that, whether, if, as if, as though。that 無詞義，在從句中不擔(dān)任成分，有時(shí)可省略；if (whether), as if雖有詞義，但在從句中不擔(dān)任成分。l I dont care about _ you have money or not.l The problem is _ Tom is able to arrive on

6、time.l _ the meeting will be held here is not decided yet. l It looks _ it is going to rain.l The truth is _he didnt come for the concert.l _ the earth is round is true.四名詞性從句的類型：1. 主語從句：在復(fù)合句中作主句的主語。連接詞有that, whether; who, what ,which; when ,where, how, why 等。 如:l _ he is a famous singer is known to

7、 us.l _ he will go to America is not yet fixed.l _ shes coming or not doesnt matter too much. l _ broke the glass yesterday is not clear.注意：1. 為避免主語冗長(zhǎng),句子頭重腳輕, 經(jīng)常用it作形式主語, 主語從句放在后面作真正的主語。記住以下it作形式主語的句型：Its likely / possible / important / necessary / clear that很可能 / 重要的是 / 必要的是 / 很清楚Its said / reporte

8、d that據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道It seems / appears / happens that顯然、明顯、碰巧Its been announced / declared that已經(jīng)通知/宣布Its no wonder that并不奇怪/無疑Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (眾所周知）/ a common saying（俗話說）thatl It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. forl It remains a question _ we ca

9、n get so much money in such a short time.A. how B. that C. when D. whatl It is known to us _ where there is pollution, there is harm.A. which B. where C. what D. that2. 單個(gè)的主語從句作主語時(shí)， 謂語動(dòng)詞用句單數(shù)形式；如果是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞則視情況而定。When and where he was born hasnt been found.When he was born and where he was b

10、orn havent been found.When and why the person was murdered is still unknown.When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown.Exercises:l ._ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoeverl _I can pay back the help that pe

11、ople give me makes me very happy.A. Where B. What C. That D. Howl Its not clear _ was responsible for the accident.A. Who B. What C. How D. Thatl _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D.

12、It requires2. 表語從句：在復(fù)合句中作主句的表語。引導(dǎo)詞有連詞that , whether, as if, as though; who, what, which, whose; when, where, how, why, because 等。如:l The problem is _ we didnt get in touch with him.l This is _ Henry solved the problem. l His suggestion is _ we (should) finish the work at once.l It looked _ it was go

13、ing to rain.l The reason _ we didn't trust him is _ he has often lied注意：1. 如果句子的主語是suggestion, advice, order, demand, proposal等名詞時(shí),后面引導(dǎo)的表語從句用should+動(dòng)詞原形,should可省略。他的建議是我們應(yīng)該馬上完成工作. His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.2. The reason is that 的理由是， 的原因是The reason _ he was late

14、again was _ he was caught in the traffic jam.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed.A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because 3. It is because 這是因?yàn)镋xercises:l This is _ she was born.A. where B. which C. that D. whatl The question is _ we cant go there today.A. that B

15、. what C. which D. whenl The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.A. because B. why C. that D. whatl My advice is that he _ school by bike.A. go to B. would go to C. goes to D. went tol _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her

16、 lessons.A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; thatl Energy is _ makes things work.A. what B. everything C. something D. anything3.賓語從句：在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語。 引導(dǎo)詞有連詞that , whether, if; who, whom, whose, what ,which; when ,where, how, why 等。如:(1) V + 賓語從句，即“動(dòng)賓”：We believe that he is honest. / I a

17、sked if they had a cheap suit. / Can you tell me which dictionary is hers? / I really dont know what he is doing.l I just dont understand_ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect. A .why it does B. what it does C. what it is D. why it isl - Dont you believe me? - _, I

18、 will believe _ you say.A. No; whatever B. Yes; no matter what C. No; no matter what D. Yes; whateverl “What did your parents think about your decision?” “They always let me do _ I think I should.” A. when B. that C. how D. what.(2) prep + 賓語從句，即“介賓”：Hes pleased with what we did yesterday. / Pay att

19、ention to what the teacher said.l I wish to have a friend with _ shares my hobbies and interests.A. whomever B. no matter who C. whoever D. anyonel Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game. A. why B. what C. who D. thatl It was a matter of _ would take the position.A. who B. wh

20、oever C. whom D. whomever(3) adj + 賓語從句，即“形賓”：Im sure that my brother will love the jacket. / I am glad that you can come and help me.不能誤將”It + be + adj + that” 的主語從句當(dāng)成賓語從句.如：It is necessary that we should learn English well.注意：(1) whether與if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句，常可互換。但下面情況不能互換。賓語從句是否定句時(shí)，只用if，不用whether。I wonder

21、 if it doesnt rain.用if 會(huì)引起誤解，就要用whether。Please let me know whether you want to go.（如果把whether改成if，容易當(dāng)成條件句理解）賓語從句中的whether 與or not直接連用，就不能換成if；不直接連用，可換成if。I dont know whether or not the report is true.I dont know whether the report is true or not.介詞后的賓語從句要用whether引導(dǎo)。whether 可與不定式連用，構(gòu)成whether to do結(jié)構(gòu)。

22、 whether也可引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句，還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，以上均不能換成if。但引導(dǎo)條件從句時(shí)，只能用if，而不能用whether。They dont know whether to go there.Please come to see me if you have time.Exercises:l I asked her _ she had a bike.l _ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.l Were worried about _ he is safe.l

23、I dont know _ he is well or not.l I dont know _ or not he is well.l The question is _ he should do it.l The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.(2) 如果賓語從句是由that 引導(dǎo)，and或but連接的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列的賓語從句, 那么只有第一個(gè)that可以省略，第二個(gè)或第二個(gè)以后的that不能省略.He said ( that ) the text was very diffi

24、cult and that we had to work hard at it.My deskmate told me (that ) he watched a football match last night, but that it was very discouraging.如果賓語從句后還有賓語補(bǔ)足語，就用it作形式賓語，將賓語從句后置，并且that不可以省略.He has made it clear that he will win the game.I find it necessary that we should learn English well.We find it n

25、ecessary that we practice spoken English every day.(3) 表示“建議，命令，要求”的賓語從句，如advise, suggest, order, request, require, demand 等，從句用虛擬語氣，即should+動(dòng)詞原形,should可省略。(4) 在“主語+ believe/think/suppose/know/expect”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，其否定形式要用否定轉(zhuǎn)移，即主句否定，從句肯定。I dont think he will come.I dont think Ill trouble you again.I dont expe

26、ct that they will get married soon.(5) 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)：a. 如果主句時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí),從句謂語可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時(shí)態(tài).他相信他的夢(mèng)想總有一天會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的. He believes _ .b .請(qǐng)告訴我你昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候在干什么. Please tell me _.b. 如果主句謂語是一般過去時(shí),從句謂語動(dòng)詞一般用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài),但如果從句表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然規(guī)律等時(shí)，從句謂語通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。他告訴我他正在為考試做準(zhǔn)備. He told me _.他說他已離開家鄉(xiāng)十年了。 He told me _.老師告訴我們光是沿直線運(yùn)行的. Th

27、e teacher told us _.Exercises:l Do you see _ I mean?A. that B./ C. how D. whatl Tell me_ is on your mind.A. that B. what C. which D. whyl We must stick to _ we have agreed on.A. what B. that C. / D. howl Let me see _.A. that can I repair the radio B. whether I can repair the radioC. I can repair the

28、 radio D. whether can I repair the radiol Keep in mind _.A. that the teacher said B. what did the teacher sayC. that did the teacher say D. what the teacher said4. 同位語從句：在復(fù)合句中起同位語的作用。 一般放在名詞 idea ；belief ； fact ； truth ；problem ；news, information; hope; thought; promise等之后, 用以說明或解釋前面的名詞。常用 that, whe

29、ther, who, whom, when, where, why, how, which等引導(dǎo)(whose和which 不引導(dǎo)同位語從句)l We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun.A. that B. which C. what D. whetherl We heard the news _ our team had won.A. which B. that C. what D. wherel The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.A. whi

30、ch B. that C. whether D. ifl They expressed the hope _they would come over to China.A. which B. that C. whom D. whenl The fact_he didnt see Tom yesterday is true.A. that B. which C. when D. what注意：1. 名詞suggestion, advice, order等詞后的同位語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要用should+動(dòng)詞原形, should可省略。a. The suggestion that he _ at the

31、 meeting was agreed to by most people.A. was put forward B. put forwardC. should look forward D. looked forwardb. The suggestion that we _ to picnic on Sunday was agreed to by most people.A went B. would go C. go D. were allowed to go2. 同位語從句有時(shí)沒有緊跟在名詞后面，而是被別的詞分開，稱為隔裂式同位語從句。He got the news from Mary

32、that the sports meeting was put off.Word came that Tom would go abroad.l The question came up at the meeting _we had enough money for our research.A. that B. what C. which D. whetherl Theres a feeling in me _well never know what a UFO is-not ever.A. that B. which C. of which D. whatl It remains a qu

33、estion _ we can get so much money in such a short time.A. how B. that C. when D. whatl Danby left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon. A. who B. that C. as D. which3. 如何判斷同位語從句和定語從句?a. 定語從句是先行詞的修飾語，它不涉及先行詞的具體內(nèi)容。定語從句中that不但起連接作用，而且在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分，充當(dāng)賓語成分時(shí)可省略。b. 同位語從句對(duì)中心詞的內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步的

34、解釋和說明，表明中心詞的具體內(nèi)容。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that 在同位語從句中不做任何成分，只起連接作用, 無具體含義,且不可省略.五名詞性從句的考點(diǎn)歸納：1. 名詞性從句的語序：a. That + 陳述句：That light travels in straight lines is known to all.- I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball. - _ it made me nearly mad.A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His breakb.

35、 疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句要求使用陳述語序，不能用一般疑問句語序, 即“疑問詞+句子的剩余成分”。I dont know when he will go to Nanjing. / This is what we are looking for.a. How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )b. Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( )2. 表示“

36、建議，命令，要求”的名詞性從句，如(suggest)suggestion, (advise)advice, order, request, demand等，要用虛擬語氣，即should+動(dòng)詞原形, should可省略。3. that 可省略的情況：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)賓語從句中的that可省略that不可省略的情況：主語從句表語從句同位語從句用it做形式賓語的賓語從句并列的賓語從句中的后幾個(gè)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that 不能省略l I dont think _ she is coming.l It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.l The reason is _ he

37、is careless .l The news _ our team won the match inspired us.l I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.l He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.4. 關(guān)于whether 與if 的使用：l What the doctor is uncertain about is _ my mother will recover from the serious disea

38、se soon.A. when B. how C. whether D. whyl Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _ it is rough or smooth. A. 不填 B. whether C. how D. whatl The question is _the film is worth seeing.A. if B. what C. whether D. how l _ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.

39、A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even ifExercise: l 我們何時(shí)舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)還沒有決定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.l 我不知道昨天誰打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.l 我不知道他長(zhǎng)的什么樣子。I have no idea _ he looks like.l 這就是我忘記眼鏡的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.指出帶下劃線的從句屬于名詞性從句中的哪一種?1. What he wants is a bo

40、ok.2. It is so nice that we can learn this grammar point together.3. Im so glad that I can make friends with you.4. This is why he did it.5. Do you agree to the suggestion that we (should) have a trip in Tibet?6. That he wants a book is certain.7. I suggested just now we (should) take part in this c

41、ompetition.8. Whether you like him or not doesnt matter too much.9. He doesnt know whether you can sing it well.10. The problem is whether you can sing it well.11. The problem whether it is right or wrong has not been decided.12. Please tell me who your monitor is. 判斷下列各句哪句含有名詞性從句，并指出是什么從句?1. China

42、is no longer what it used to be.2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.6. The

43、 news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.相關(guān)練習(xí)：1. I have no idea _he will co

44、me back.A. where B. when C. what D. that2. The news _surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false.A. that B. when C. what D. how 3. One of the men held the view _ the book said was right.A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that4. Word has come _ some American guests will come fo

45、r a visit to our college next week.A. what B. whether C. that D. which5. They received orders _ the work be done at once.A .which B. when C. / D .that 6. _ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind.A. What; why B. Which; how C. That; why D. What; because7. I have the information _.A. of what hell come soon B. that hell come soonC. of that hell come soon D. his coming soon8.- Can I help you? - Yes, do you know _?A. when comes the bus B. when will come the busC. when