初中英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)知識(shí)歸納講解及專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練：賓語(yǔ)從句

1、真誠(chéng)為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當(dāng)之處，請(qǐng)指正。賓語(yǔ)從句重點(diǎn)知識(shí)歸納及講解概述1在復(fù)合句中作主句及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)的句子叫賓語(yǔ)從句。它一般是由從屬連詞，連接代詞或連接副詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。它可以作動(dòng)詞，介詞或某些形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。例如：He said that he knew you.他說(shuō)他認(rèn)識(shí)你。He asked me why I had come here.他問(wèn)我為什么來(lái)這里。I asked him what he wanted.我問(wèn)他要什么。Could you tell me if/whether they are all League members?你是否能告訴我他們都是團(tuán)員嗎？Im interest

2、ed in what he has said.我對(duì)他說(shuō)的話很感興趣。2賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)常受到主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的影響。因此，要注意保持主句和從句間時(shí)態(tài)的一致。當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用所需要的任何時(shí)態(tài)。例如：He says that Lily is(will be/ was) a doctor.他說(shuō)莉莉是（將要成為/過(guò)去是）醫(yī)生。Ill tell you what I am doing (did/shall do).或?qū)⒁嬖V你我正在做（過(guò)去做/將要做）什么。如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)就比較復(fù)雜。在這種復(fù)合句中，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可以有：1）

3、從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示與主句同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，則用過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：I thought he was old.我認(rèn)為他老了。He wanted to know who she was waiting for.他想知道她在等誰(shuí)。2）從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示在主句動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作，則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。例如：He said that he finished reading the book.他說(shuō)他看完了這本書。3）從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示在主句動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，則用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。例如： She said that she was going to buy a new bike next week.她說(shuō)她下個(gè)星期要

4、去買一輛新自行車。I wasnt sure if it would rain.我沒(méi)有把握是否會(huì)下雨。4）從句表示普通真理時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：The teacher told us the moon travels round the earth.老師告訴我們，月亮繞地球轉(zhuǎn)。初中階段學(xué)習(xí)的賓語(yǔ)從句在帶賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，賓語(yǔ)從句前面一般要有連詞（有的可省略）引導(dǎo)。由that引出的賓語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于陳述句；由whether/if引出的賓語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于一般疑問(wèn)句；由連接代詞或連接副詞引出的賓語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問(wèn)句。但應(yīng)該注意的是它們的語(yǔ)序都是陳述句語(yǔ)序。主句是陳述句時(shí)，句末不用問(wèn)號(hào)。1由從屬

5、述連詞that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。在口語(yǔ)和新正式文體中常省略that。例如：He said(that) he would be back.他說(shuō)他將回來(lái)。We knew (that) he had made a mistake.我們知道他犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。在某些be+形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)后面也可以跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。例如：I am sure that I have posted the letter.我的確把那封信寄了。I am afraid that you are right.恐怕你是對(duì)的。2由連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，例如：Did you ask the teacher when we w

6、ould have a test?你問(wèn)老師我們什么時(shí)候進(jìn)行測(cè)驗(yàn)了嗎？Do you know whose child he is?你知道他是誰(shuí)的孩子嗎？I cant find out why the machine doesnt work well.我不能找出這臺(tái)機(jī)器為什么動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)不靈。Do you remember what the teacher said at the class meeting yesterday.你記得老師昨天在班會(huì)上說(shuō)的話嗎？Could you tell me how long it will take me to get to the hospital from her

7、e?你能告訴我從這里到醫(yī)院需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間嗎？I want to know which medicine he has taken.我要知道他服了哪種藥。Please tell me who called me just now.請(qǐng)告訴我剛才誰(shuí)打電話給我。 I dont know whom they are speaking to.我不知道他的在跟誰(shuí)講話。He asked me where they were born.他問(wèn)我他們出生在哪里。Do you remember how much you paid for the coat?你記得你買這件外衣付了多少錢嗎？3由從屬連詞whether 或i

8、f引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，在口語(yǔ)中常用if。例如：I dont know whether/ if this bike is hers.我不知道這輛自行車是否是她的。Can you tell me whether/ if your father joined the Party in 1990?你能告訴我你父親是不是1990年入黨的？賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)掌握的要點(diǎn)1在三種類型的賓語(yǔ)從句中必須用陳述句的語(yǔ)序，即主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+其它成分，句末用句號(hào)；但主句為疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，句末用問(wèn)號(hào)。2在帶有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，要注意主句和從句的時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)。1）當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用任何需要的時(shí)態(tài)。2）當(dāng)主

9、句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)范圍內(nèi)的某一種形式。3）從句表示普遍真理時(shí)，即使主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。4）在think, believe等動(dòng)詞引起的賓語(yǔ)從句中，如果否定的是后面的從句，一般要將主句動(dòng)詞改為否定形式，而從句仍然用肯定式。例如：I dont think you are right.我認(rèn)為你不對(duì)。I dont believe she will take part in the English evening.我相信她不會(huì)參加英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)。三、隨堂監(jiān)測(cè)A組I. 選擇填空:1. Did you hear _?A. what did I

10、say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say2. Can you tell me _?A. which class you are in B. which class are you inC. you are in which class D. are you in which class3. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? - Certainly.A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which stationC. which station can

11、 I get to D. how I can get to the station4. Could you tell me where _ yesterday?A. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went5. Tom asked me _.A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this wasC. who shirt was this D. who shirt this was6. Excuse me, could you tell me _?A. wheres the teachers off

12、ice B. wheres the bus stationC. whats she doing D. where the post office is7. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I dont know _.A. she lives where B. she where lives C. where she lives D. where does she live8. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I dont know _.A. where does he live B. where he livesC. w

13、here is he living D. he lives there9. - Can you tell me _? - Yes, he lives in a small town.A. where he lives B. who is singing C. when he will leave D. what he said10. Have you decided _ for London?A. when will you leave B. when you will leaveC. when are you going D. when you are going11. Excuse me.

14、 Could you tell me _our tickets?A. where do we show B. where shall we showC. where did we show D. where we shall show12. - What are you interested in about cooking food? - We are all interested in _.A. how egg is fried B. how is egg fried C. how egg fries D. how does egg fry13. Do you know _?A. what

15、 it is B. what is it C. who is he D. whose name is it14. Do you know _? A. whose book is this B. whose book this isC. this book is whose D. whos book this is15. I dont know _ now.A. where is my cat B. my cat is where C. where my cat is D. where my cat16. Does he know _?A. whats your name B. what nam

16、e is yourC. what your is name D. what your name is17. Do you know _?A. which floor he lives B. which floor he lives onC. he lives on which floor D. which floor does he lives on18. Can you tell me where _?A. is the hospital B. the hospital is C. is hospital D. hospital is19. He hasnt decided _.A. if

17、hell go on a trip to Wuxi B. when will he go on a trip to WuxiC. if he goes on a trip to Wuxi D. when does he go on a trip to Wuxi20. Can you see _?A. what hes reading B. what is he readingC. what does he read D. he reads what四、隨堂監(jiān)測(cè)B組中考題集：1. - When are the Shutes leaving for New York?-Pardon?- I ask

18、ed _.A. when are the Shutes leaving for New York B. when the Shutes are leaving for New YorkC. when were the Shutes leaving for New York D. when the Shutes were leaving for New York2. Could you tell me _? I have something interesting to tell him.A. where is Li Hong B. where Li Hong isC. where was Li

19、 Hong D. where Li Hong has been to3. - Could you tell me _?A. how many people have been out of hospital B. when is ThanksgivingC. which animal does he like best D. what time will the dolphin show start4. I want to know _.A. what is his name B. whats his nameC. that his name is D. what his name is5.

20、He asked me _.A. if she will come B. how many books I want to haveC. they would help us do it D. what was wrong with me6. Do you still remember _ at the meeting?A. that Jim said B. what Jim said C. did Jim said that D. what did Jim said7. - Excuse me, _ to the nearest bookshop, please?- Go straight

21、and take the second turning on the left.A. where the way is B. which the way is C. where is the way D. which is the way8. Mike, go and see who _ football on the playground.A. is playing B. plays C. played D. were playing9. The woman still doesnt know what _ in her hometown while she was away.A. happ

22、ens B. happened C. will happen D. was happened10. - Can I help you? - Yes. Id like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _take to get there?A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it11. - I hear well have a new teacher this term. - Really? Do you know _?A. what

23、 subject does he teach B. what subject will he teachC. what subject he teaches D. what subject is he going to teach12. He asked his teacher _.A. if there was a monster in Loch Ness B. when was Albert Einstein bornC. how would the scientists find out the result D. where could he find the library13. D

24、o you know _ over there?A. what happens B. what was happenedC. what is happening D. what did happen14. - Do you know _ we will arrive at your hometown? - This afternoon.A. when B. why C. if D. where15. Could you tell me _ to Mount Putuo tomorrow?A. how you will go B. how will you goC. how you have g

25、one D. how have you gone16. Could you tell me _?A. which room he lives B. which room he livedC. which room did he live in D. which room he lives in17. - Do you know _ he is? - He says “1.75 metres”, but Im not sure.A. how many B. how old C. how far D. how tall18. She said she _ me five letters in on

26、e month.A. has written B. will write C. had written D. wrote19. Can you tell me _ she is waiting for?A. why B. whose C. whom D. which20. I dont know _ he still lives here.A. where B. what C. when D. whether21. - Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said, David? - Yes, mum.A. what B. t

27、hat C. why D. if22. Id like to know _.A. when will he give back the tape B. whether has he received higher educationC. that he has been busy D. whether she will join in our English evening23. Could you tell me _?A. when shall we start B. who are you waiting forC. where the bus station is D. why were

28、 you late24. - Do you know _? Im going to see him. - Sorry, I dont know.A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li liveC. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived25. He asked me _.A. who did kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting heldC. when China became a member of the

29、 WTO D. where will the 2008 Olympics be held26. She wanted to know _ her mother liked the present.A. which B. that C. if D. what27. Could you tell me _?A. who is she B. wheres the nearest fast restaurantC. if he will come tomorrow D. which way is to the underground station28. Do you know if _ back next week? If he _ back, please let me know.A. he comes, will come B. will he come, comes C. he will come, comes D. will he come, will come29. - Can you tell me why _? - Because I want to help the people there.A. do you go to Tibe