《英語(yǔ)國(guó)際音標(biāo)》ppt課件

1、1.什么是國(guó)際音標(biāo)？什么是國(guó)際音標(biāo)？ 由于英語(yǔ)的拼寫(xiě)形式和讀音有很大的由于英語(yǔ)的拼寫(xiě)形式和讀音有很大的分歧分歧, 所以無(wú)法完全根據(jù)字母來(lái)讀音。所以無(wú)法完全根據(jù)字母來(lái)讀音。 為了精確地學(xué)習(xí)和掌握語(yǔ)音為了精確地學(xué)習(xí)和掌握語(yǔ)音, 就要借就要借助一種注音手段來(lái)彌補(bǔ)這一缺陷助一種注音手段來(lái)彌補(bǔ)這一缺陷, 于是便于是便產(chǎn)生了一定數(shù)量的精確記錄語(yǔ)音的符號(hào)，叫做產(chǎn)生了一定數(shù)量的精確記錄語(yǔ)音的符號(hào)，叫做“音符音符”(Phonetic symbols)。國(guó)際音標(biāo)（舊稱(chēng)萬(wàn)國(guó)音符）是國(guó)際國(guó)際音標(biāo)（舊稱(chēng)萬(wàn)國(guó)音符）是國(guó)際語(yǔ)音學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)（語(yǔ)音學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)（IPA - International Phonetic Associatio

2、n) 于于1888年擬定的一套為各國(guó)語(yǔ)言注音的語(yǔ)音符號(hào)。我們這里所年擬定的一套為各國(guó)語(yǔ)言注音的語(yǔ)音符號(hào)。我們這里所說(shuō)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)是專(zhuān)門(mén)為英語(yǔ)注音的那一部分標(biāo)音符號(hào)。目前我國(guó)通用的國(guó)際音標(biāo)共有說(shuō)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)是專(zhuān)門(mén)為英語(yǔ)注音的那一部分標(biāo)音符號(hào)。目前我國(guó)通用的國(guó)際音標(biāo)共有48個(gè)個(gè), 其中其中, 元音音標(biāo)元音音標(biāo)20個(gè)，輔音音標(biāo)個(gè)，輔音音標(biāo)28個(gè)。個(gè)。 英語(yǔ)元音英語(yǔ)元音 (English vowels) 英語(yǔ)元音音素共英語(yǔ)元音音素共2020個(gè)。分單元音個(gè)。分單元音和雙元音兩大類(lèi)。和雙元音兩大類(lèi)。a. 前元音：前元音：/ i: /, / i /, / e /, / /b. 后元音：后元音：/ :/, / /

3、, / :/, / u /, / u: /, /c. 中元音：中元音： / : /, / /a. 合口雙元音：合口雙元音：/ ei /, / u /, / ai /, / au /, /i/b. 集中雙元音：集中雙元音：/ i /, / /, / u /單元音的分類(lèi)單元音的分類(lèi)雙元音的分類(lèi)雙元音的分類(lèi)a.爆破音爆破音 / p /, / b /, / t, / d /, / k /, / / b.摩擦音摩擦音 / f /，/ v /，/，/ /，/ s /，/ z / , /，/，/ h /, / r /c.破擦音破擦音 / t/，/d /，/tr/，/dr/，/ts/，/dz/ d.鼻音鼻音

4、/m/ , /n/, / e.旁流音（舌側(cè)音）旁流音（舌側(cè)音） / l /f.半元音半元音 / w /, / j / 英語(yǔ)輔音英語(yǔ)輔音 (English consonants) (共共28個(gè)）個(gè)）i:eme we he equal sceneee see indeed breeze succeedeaeat beat neat real defeatieyield piece field believe發(fā)發(fā) 音音 規(guī)規(guī) 則則eiseize receive ceiling ipolice ski machine eopeopleey keyi: iit fit pig miss kiss fil

5、l picnic ycity pretty busy sixty epretty English Englandee coffee committee i eymoney valley iecarried worried ladies avillageo women i ubusyuibuild guilt coffee committee i echeck enter gentle accept easpread bread weather iefrienda any many e aisaid ay says u bury Better late than never.(遲做總比不做好遲做

6、總比不做好)Better to do well than to say well .(口說(shuō)不口說(shuō)不如實(shí)干如實(shí)干) e aQcat map fat hat mad back gas catch match fact happy marry stamp act adapt attractive national Catch that mad black cat Thank you for the stampapass glass demand advance ararm garden smart harmful auaunt laughear heart:earheart alcalm half:

7、A large army marched past the farmyardIts hard to see any stars in the dark sky ocome compass government ooflood blood usun adult culture customoutouch trouble couple double awsaw law draw oraccording force born corn oabroad boardou bought brought course cough O: autaught caught naught fault oodoor

8、floor alall ball talk small walkore more store before exploreO:oremore store before explore arwar warm warn awater salt also false O: ooffer block college possible oucoughow knowledgeO a soft song / a coffee shop / cost a lot The clock is stopped , its not long Lost time is never found againO owho d

9、o lose movementoofool spoon cool tooth choose urude pollution June revolutionaryew threwu:ueblue cruelty true oeshoe uifruit ruin juice Who said the soup was too cool? As a rule , the skies are blue in June u:uput push pull helpful bush bullet careful owoman wolf lose whoseoogood wood book woolen fo

10、otballoul could should would u pretty English England u He looks like a good cook I took my book and looked at it as long as I could aagree ahead admire attend adventurearcalendar polareranother order gathero method Europe second管理資源吧（），提供海量管理資料免費(fèi)下載！Eorlabor behavior actor doctorour colo(u)r ou famo

11、us ur surprise surviveEurefeature LecturemeasureMy younger brother is a doctorGive me some butter and sugarWe will have a get-together after supperEurturn fur church furniture furtherorword worth worst workourjourneyir bird birthday thirsty stirE:erserve emergency deserted determineearearth heard se

12、archE: atake case behave able latest aiwait rain train raise grainaymay way play stayea break greateieieight neighbor reigneythey greyei inice like wife advice wise tidy high fight bright ei height ymy by why type try satisfy fryuy buyai ono home notice bone devote hero oaroad boat coat coachousoul

13、shoulder though althoughow know bowl slow low flow follow owe EUouloud house shout south outer mouth about owaunow how town tower元音字母在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)或重讀相對(duì)開(kāi)音節(jié)中讀元元音字母在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)或重讀相對(duì)開(kāi)音節(jié)中讀元音字母本身的音：音字母本身的音： 元音字母元音字母 讀音讀音 例詞例詞 讀音讀音 a /ei/ a /ei/ e /i:/ me /mi:/ I /ai/ I /ai/ o /EU/ no /nEU/ u /ju:/ cue /kju:/ 小小 結(jié)結(jié) 元音字

14、母在重讀閉音節(jié)中的常用讀音：元音字母在重讀閉音節(jié)中的常用讀音： 元音字母元音字母 讀音讀音 例詞例詞 讀音讀音a /Q/ man /mQn/ e /e/ men /men/ I /i/ bit /bit/ o /O/ hot /hOt/ u /u/ put /put/ a /i / village /e / any many /Q/ catch match fact happy marry /A:/ pass glass demand advance /O/ what wash swallow want watch /E/ agree ahead admire attend /ei/ take

15、 make table case behave able latest ai /e/ said /ei/ wait rain train raise grain ar /A:/ arm garden march smart harmful /O:/ war warm warn /E/ calendar polar /CE/ area vary various au /A:/ aunt laugh /O:/ taught caught naught fault ay /e/ says /ei/ may way play stay e /i:/ me we he equal scene /i/ p

16、retty English England /e/ egg effect check enter never gentle accept ee /i:/ see indeed breeze succeed /i/ coffee committee ea /i:/ eat beat neat real defeat /e/ spread /iE/ idea real realize /ei/ break great eer / iE / beer cheer deer career ear /a:/ heart /iE/ ear near clear fear hear /CE/ bear te

17、ar wear /E:/ earth heard search ei /i:/ seize receive ceiling /ei/ eight neighbor reign i /i:/ police ski machine /i/ it fit pig miss kiss fill picnic /ai/ nice like wife advice dive prize wise tidy igh /ai/ high night ir /E: / bird first birthday ie /i:/ yield piece field believe /i/ carried worrie

18、d ladies /e/ friend o /i/ women /O/ copy offer block college possible /u/ woman wolf /u:/ who do lose dove movement /V/ come compass government /E/ method Europe second /EU/ notice bone devote hero host oo /O:/ door /u/ good wood book woolen football /u:/ fool spoon cool tooth choose /V/ flood blood

19、 ou /O:/ cough bought brought course /V/ touch trouble couple double /E/ famous /Au/ loud house shout south outer mouth about /Eu/ tour tourist soul shoulder though although oa / broad board / road boat coat coach ow / knowledge / / know bowl slow low flow follow / / now how town tower u /i/ busy /e/ bury /u/ push pull helpful bullet careful /u:/ rude June revolutionary pollution /V/ sun adult culture custom ui /u:/ fruit juice /i/ build guilt ue /u:/ blue cruelty true ur /E:/ turn church furniture further /E/ surprise survive /UE/ fury j