高考狀語(yǔ)從句講解

1、狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：when , whenever , as , while, before , after, until, till, since, ever since, once, as soon as, every time, the moment, instantly, directly地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：where , wherever原因狀語(yǔ)從句：as, because, since, seeing(that) , considering (that) , now that , not thatbut that目的狀語(yǔ)從句：that , so that , in order that

2、 , lest , for fear that , in case結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：that , so that , such that條件狀語(yǔ)從句：if , unless , suppose , supposing ,so/as long as, so far as, on condition(that ) ,provided ( that )讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：though , although , no matter , even if , even though , however , whatever比較狀語(yǔ)從句：than , as方式狀語(yǔ)從句as, as if, as though 一、 時(shí)

3、間狀語(yǔ)從句1、 when, while, as 和wheneverwhen 表時(shí)間點(diǎn)，時(shí)間段while 表時(shí)間段；有“而”的意思as “當(dāng)”,“一邊一邊”，“隨著”whenever 每當(dāng)，無(wú)論什么時(shí)候 It is cold when it snows. While there is life, there is hope. While we were speaking, he was reading newspaper. Just as Mrs Richards was entering the dinning-room, there was a knock on the front door

4、. As we age, we trade strength for ingenuity, speed for thoroughness, and passion for reason. 隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我們用力量換來(lái)了機(jī)敏，以速度換來(lái)了嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，以熱情換來(lái)了理智。注： 1)when還可作并列連詞，其意義為“那時(shí)，這時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：sb.was doing sth.when.某人正在干某事就在這時(shí)sb.was about to/ going to do sth.when.某人正打算干某事就在這時(shí)sb.body has just done st

5、h.when.某人剛干了某事就在這時(shí)2)如果主句表示的是短暫動(dòng)作，而從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)，when，while與as可互換使用。如：When/While/As I was walking down the street，I came across an old friend of mine.2、 before/ afterIt will be five years before we meet again.五年之后我們才能見(jiàn)面。After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.After

6、 her husband had gone to work, she sent her children to school.3、 until, till, not.until 1) 肯定句：主句的謂語(yǔ)是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，主從句均為肯定式，意為“某動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停止”Please wait until I come back.等我回來(lái)。2) 否定句：主句的謂語(yǔ)是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)作，從句為肯定式，意為“某動(dòng)作一直到時(shí)間點(diǎn)才開(kāi)始”He wont go to bed till/until she returns.3) Till不可以用在句首，而until可以Until you told me I ha

7、d no idea of it. 4）notuntil句型中的強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝用法It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.Not until you told me did I have any idea if it. 4、 since從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)She has been working in this factory since she left school.I have written to Alice four times since I came here.It i

8、s +一段時(shí)間+since從句的句型中，時(shí)間計(jì)算一律從since從句動(dòng)作完成或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時(shí)算起It is three years since the war broke out. 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)以來(lái)，有三年了。It is three years since she was in our class.她離開(kāi)我們班有三年了。5、 as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment/ minute/ instant/ secondno soonerthan, hardly/scarcely/barelywhen,“一就”once(一旦)The m

9、oment I heard the voice, I know father was coming.Directly I had done it, I knew I hold made a mistake.The instant he saw me, he ran away.I had hardly got home when it began to rain.hardly/no sooner主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，when/than引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，固定結(jié)構(gòu)No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. 6、 by t

10、he time到時(shí)候；到之前(從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí))each/every time和the next timeBy the time I got outside, the bus had already left.Each time she came, Jane brought me a nice book.二、 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句where或wherever/ anywhere/ everywhere1. Stay where you are.2. The photo of mine was taken where stood the famous high tower.3. Whe

11、rever you go, you can see new factories and stories.4. Everywhere you go, you will find the same thing.5. Where there is a will, there is a way.6. Plants will grow almost anywhere there is plenty of air, water and sunlight. 判斷：Youd better make a mark where you have questions.Youd better make a mark

12、at the place where you have questions.三、 原因狀語(yǔ)從句because/as由于/for/since既然/now that/seeing that/considering that1） because強(qiáng)調(diào)原因，是句子較重要的部分，在很多情況下，不能用since，for等替代。Henry didnt go to the office because it was raining.He resigned partly because he was old and partly because he was bored with the work.I didnt

13、 help, not because I was unwilling, but because I was unable to do it.2） as和since所提出的原因是已知的，或是句中不重要的部分，since較as稍正式一些As his fat is in a large town, he has no garden of his own.Since you dont trust him, you should not employ him.3） for，一種補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，而且for引導(dǎo)的句子不能放在句首，for是并列連詞He seldom goes out now, for he is

14、very old.4） not thatbut that.“不是因?yàn)槎且驗(yàn)椤盜ts not that Im dissatisfied, but that I have my own business to attend to. 5) in that多出現(xiàn)主句之后；seeing that因?yàn)?，鑒于；considering that因?yàn)?，考慮到 I like this place, but I like my hometown better in that I have more friends there. Seeing that/ since he was there, he may hav

15、e seen her. That is excusable considering/ seeing (that) he is so young.四、 條狀語(yǔ)從句1） 真實(shí)條件從句：屬性，習(xí)慣，推測(cè)，對(duì)未來(lái)的預(yù)測(cè)If you heat ice, it melts.If he is in London, he is undoubtedly staying at this hotel.If businessmen want to borrow money, they go to see their bank managers.If he breaks his promise, shell never

16、 speak to him again. 2) 非真實(shí)條件句：虛擬語(yǔ)氣 3）if only引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，“但愿，要就好了” If only I had more money, I could buy a car. (對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況表示遺憾) If only I had known it, I wouldnt have troubled him. (對(duì)過(guò)去情況表示遺憾) only if 只有，用陳述語(yǔ)氣 Youll succeed only if you put all your heart into it. 4) provided/ providing （that）“在條件下”，“要

17、是”，“以為條件” on condition (that) under the condition (that) suppose/ supposing (that)“假定”，主句多是疑問(wèn)句 granted/ granting (that) “假定.”，“就算是”，有濃厚的讓步意義，可意為“姑且” given that“假設(shè)”主要強(qiáng)調(diào)以假定的方式提出前提條件。 I will come providing (that) I am well enough. I will go there on the condition that you accompany me. Supposing he can

18、t come, who will do the work? Granted that you have made some progress, you should not be conceited. Given that this is true, what should we do? 5) as/ so long as “只要”重點(diǎn)在于時(shí)間的延續(xù)性，從句可用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。 You may borrow this book as long as you keep it clean. 6) unless“除非”，相當(dāng)于“ifnot”，引導(dǎo)的從句不能用否定式 I will go there to

19、morrow unless it rains.五、方式狀語(yǔ)從句 as “如，像”；as if=as though “好像，仿佛似的”I live as others do.He looks as if he is angry.六、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句1、though, although, while, whereas, even if, even though “雖然，盡管”Though和 although兩者意思相同，一般可互換使用，都可以與yet，still或nevertheless連用，但不能和but連用。Though/ Although it was raining hard, yet the

20、y went on playing football. Though I believe it, yet I must consider.While I like the style of the hat, I dont like its color.強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)比和差異He thought I was lying, whereas I was telling the truth.Even though I were starving，I would not ask a favor of him.“即使”，有一種假想的可能性或推測(cè)，所以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 2、whetheror not“不管”Whether

21、 he comes or not, the results will be the same. 3、whatever=no matter what, whichever=no matter which Whoever, whomever, whosever, whenever, wherever, however Stay calm whatever happens. Whenever he comes, he brings us some parents. Whichever side wins, I shall be satisfied. 4、as, though, that（as引導(dǎo)的讓

22、步狀語(yǔ)從句需要倒裝） Poor though he is, he is generous. Child that he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. Strange as this behavior may be, there is a very good reason for it. Try as he will, he never seems able to succeed.七、 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 so+ adj./adv. +.that從句so+ adj.+a/an + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句so many/ few/ much

23、/ little +名詞 + that從句such + a/an + adj. + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+ that從句such + adj. +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞 + that 從句such + a lot of/ lots of + 名詞+that 從句The wind was so strong that he would hardly move forward.We have such difficult problems that no one would like to solve.He is such a lovely child that everybody loves him.

24、He gave me so little time that it was impossible for me to finish the work on time.There are so many picture-story books that the boy wont leave.so thatHe works hard every day, so that he gets the first prize in class.注意：當(dāng)so或such置于句首，主句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。So clever a student was he that he was able to work out a

25、ll the difficult problems. 八、 目的狀語(yǔ)從句so that, in order that, to the end that I stepped aside so that he would go in.lest, in case “免得，以免” ; for fear that,生怕She took the umbrella lest it (should) rain.There is some money in case you need it. Mary didnt want get out of bed for fear that she might wake

26、her baby up. 九、 比較狀語(yǔ)從句asas, not as/soas, the sameas, suchas 和一樣morethan, lessthan, the +比較級(jí), the+比較級(jí), This suggestion is as good as that one.Tom is as good a student as Jack =Tom is such a good student as Jack.The sooner, the better.More haste, less speed.在比較級(jí)中要，注意比較的對(duì)象要一致The weather in Shanghai is

27、hotter than that in Beijing.The students in my class are more than those in yours.表達(dá)倍數(shù)， 可用三種形式This building is once taller than that one.This building is twice as tall as that one.This building is twice the height of that one.狀語(yǔ)從句中的緊縮現(xiàn)象1 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中常見(jiàn)的緊縮形式：Dont speak until spoken to有人對(duì)你說(shuō)話時(shí)你才說(shuō)。Once seen,

28、 it can never be forgotten.一旦被看見(jiàn)，它便不會(huì)被忘記。While in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Summer Place.在北京時(shí)，我參觀了頤和園。Pressure can be reduced when needed.必要時(shí)壓力非唯心減。I prefer my milk a little sweet whenever possible.可能的話，我喜歡牛奶甜點(diǎn)。He was a swimmer when a child.他小時(shí)侯就是一名游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員。She always sings while doing her work.她干

29、活時(shí)總唱歌。2 條件狀語(yǔ)從句中常見(jiàn)的緊縮形式：Come tomorrow if possible.可能的話就明天來(lái)吧If so, you must get back and get it. 如果這樣的話，你必需把它拿來(lái)。Ill buy a TV set if necessary.如有必要我們就買一臺(tái)電視機(jī)。He has no money, if any, he will give us. 他沒(méi)有錢，如果 有他會(huì)給我們的。If in need, dont hesitate to ask me for money.如要錢，不必猶豫，向我要就是了。The girl never give in unl

30、ess wrong.這女孩不會(huì)屈服的，除非她錯(cuò)了。Unless repaired, the machine is of no use.這臺(tái)機(jī)器如不修便毫無(wú)用處。3 方式狀語(yǔ)從句中常見(jiàn)的緊縮形式：Some flowers shut up at night as if (they did this in order) to sleep.有些花夜間收攏，好象為了睡眠一樣。The woman teacher hurriedly left the classroom as though (she was ) angry.這位女教師匆匆茫茫離開(kāi)教室，好象生氣了。Jane seemed as if (she

31、 was) good at everything.瓊好象擅長(zhǎng)一切。4 其它狀語(yǔ)從句的緊縮形式：Though cold, he still wore a shirt.天氣雖然冷，但他還穿一件襯衣。The man, while (he is ) well over eighty. Can walk faster than I .這人雖然 年過(guò)八十，卻比我走得快。Being blind(= As he was blind), he couldnt see anything.他瞎了，什么東西也看不見(jiàn)。Fill in the blank with articles where necessary.在需要

32、的地方填上冠詞。真題演練1 (2012全國(guó)卷I)25. I don't believe we've met before, _ I must say you do look familiar.A. therefore B. although C. since D. unless2 (2012全國(guó)卷I)29. This restaurant wasn't _ that other restaurant we went to.A. half as good as B. as half good as C. as good as half D. good as half as

33、3 (2012全國(guó)卷II)11. I had hardly got to the office _ my wife phone me to go back home at once.A. when B. than C. until D. after4 (2012北京卷)21.Look at those clouds!Dont worry. _ it rains, well still have a great time.A. Even if B.As though C. In case D. If only5 (2012上海卷) 32. I have a tight budget for th

34、e trip, so I'm not going to fly the airlines lower ticket prices. A. once B. if C. after D. unless6 (2012上海卷) 40. The map is one of the best tools a man has he goes to a new place. A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. however7 (2012天津卷)14. Everything was placed exactly _he wanted it for the gr

35、aduation ceremony.A. while B. when C. where D. though8 (2012江蘇卷) 30. Ones life has value _ one brings value to the life of others. A. so that B. no matter how C. as long as D. except that 9 (2012湖南卷)28. _ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A. A. While B. Once C. IfD.

36、 Until10 (2012湖南卷)32. _ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. A. However B. Whatever C. WhicheverD. Whenever11 (2012福建卷)30.It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties _ it gets more financial support from the European Union

37、.A. if B. unlessC. becauseD. since12 (2012陜西卷)18. Hot _ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.A. although B. as C. while D. however13 (2012陜西卷)25. All the photographs in this book, _ stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.A. unless B. until C. once D. if14

38、 (2012山東卷)27. He smiled politely _ Mary apologized for her drunken friends. A. as B. if C. unless D. though15 (2012山東卷)32. A number of high buildings have arisen _ there was nothing a year ago but ruins. A. when B. where C. before D. until 16 (2012重慶卷)30. Coach, can I continue with the training? Sor

39、ry, you cant _ you havent recovered from the knee injure.A. until B. beforeC. because D. unless17 (2012四川卷)4. At school, some students are active _ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.A. while B. although C. so D. as18 (2012四川卷)10. If you happen to get lost in the wild, youd

40、better stay _ you are and wait for help.A. why B. where C. who D. what19 (2012江西卷)31.You can borrow my car you promise not to drive too fast.Aunless Beven ifCin case Das long as20 (2012浙江卷)18. Mike was usually so careful, _this time he made a small mistake.A. yetB. stillC. evenD. thus21 (2012遼寧卷)30.

41、 Leave your key with your neighbor you lock yourself out one day. A. as long as B. even though C. in case D. as if 2011年真題1.（2011全國(guó)卷II）19. It was a nice meal, _a little expensive. A. though B. whether C. as D. since2.（2011北京卷）29. _ volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at basketball. A. Sinc

42、eB. OnceC. UnlessD. While3. (2011上海卷) 36. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I wont bother to see it, or Ill wait it comes out on DVD.A. whetherB. afterC. thoughD. until4.(2011上海卷) 37. The police officers in our city work hard _ the rest of us can live a safe life. A. in caseB. as ifC. in or

43、der thatD. only if5.（2011江西卷）29. Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or it is convenient to you. A. wheneverB. howeverC. whicheverD. wherever6.（2011浙江卷）4. One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away my daughter heard cries for help.A. afterB. whileC. since D. wh

44、en7.（2011福建卷）33.It was April 29, 2001 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.A.that B.when C.since D.before8.（2011四川卷）4. Frank insisted that he was not asleep I had great difficulty in waking him up. A. whether B. although C. for D. so9.（2011四川卷）6. As i

45、t reported, it is 100 years _Qinghua University was founded. A. when B. before C. after D. since10.（2011遼寧卷）25. No matter how _ , it is not necessarily lifeless. A. a desert may be dry B. dry a desert may be C. may a desert be dry D. dry may a desert be11.（2011遼寧卷）29. He had no sooner finished his speech _ the students started cheering. A. since B. as C. when D. than12.（2011陜西卷）17.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be