高中英語Unit1AlandofdiversitySectionⅠWarmingUpReadingPrereading教學(xué)案

1、。內(nèi)部文件，版權(quán)追溯內(nèi)部文件，版權(quán)追溯內(nèi)部文件，版權(quán)追溯Unit 1 A land of diversity Section Warming Up &amp；Reading -Pre-readingAmerican Indians are the native people in the United States. They belong to more than five hundred Indian tribes (部落). Many tribe members live on reservations. These are areas that the United State

2、s government set up for native tribes that had lost their lands to European settlers. Some reservations are larger than American states. The Bureau of Indian Affairs supervises these territories. Tribes on reservations have limited self­rule. Generally， American Indians do not enjoy the same ec

3、onomic and educational success as other Americans. They earn less money and have more unemployment than other Americans. They also have higher rates of disease and die younger than other American groups. However， the American Indian economy has grown at three times the national rate since the 1980s.

4、 Some of the improvement has come from expansion of the American Indian gambling industry. Many Indian tribes have legalized gambling on their reservations.Section_Warming Up & Reading Pre­reading原文呈現(xiàn)讀文清障CALIFORNIACalifornia is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest populati

5、on. It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. The customs and languages of the immigrantslive on in their new home. This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.population n人口(

6、數(shù))distinction/dI'stIkn/n.差別；區(qū)分；卓著multicultural adj.多元文化的現(xiàn)在分詞短語having attracted people .作結(jié)果狀語。immigrant/'ImIrnt/n.(從外國移入的)移民live on繼續(xù)存在；繼續(xù)生存when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。加利福尼亞第1段譯文加利福尼亞是美國的第三大州，但它是人口最多的州。加州與眾不同之處在于它也是美國最具多元文化的一個州，它吸引了來自世界各地的人們。這些移民的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣以及語言在他們的新家都得以延續(xù)。當(dāng)你了解了加利福尼亞的歷史時，你就不會對其文化的多樣性感到驚奇了。NATIVE

7、AMERICANSExactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is likely thatNative Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Straitin the Arctic to America by

8、 means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. In addition， many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. However, some survived these terrib

9、le times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.it is likely that . “很可能”，該句型中it是形式主語，that從句是真正的主語。Bering/'berI/Strait/streIt/白令海峽Arctic/'ktIk/adj.北極的；北極區(qū)的the Arctic北極by means of . 用辦法；借助means/minz/n.手段；方法means單復(fù)數(shù)同形。prehistoric/prihI'strIk

10、/adj.史前的which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾“a land bridge”。suffer vi.受苦；受難 vt.遭受；蒙受in addition (to) 除之外，加之die from 死于過去分詞短語brought by the Europeans作后置定語，修飾the diseases。survive vt.&vi.活下來，幸免現(xiàn)在分詞短語 living in California作后置定語，修飾Native Americans。第2段譯文洲土著人最早一批人具體是在什么時候來到我們現(xiàn)在了解的加利福尼亞地區(qū)的，誰也說不清楚。然而，可能至少在15 000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福

11、尼亞了?？茖W(xué)家們認(rèn)為這些遷居者是通過一條史前時代曾經(jīng)存在的大陸橋穿越北極地區(qū)的白令海峽到達(dá)美洲。歐洲人在16世紀(jì)來到這里后，土著人遭受了極大的苦難，成千上萬的人被殺害或被迫成為奴隸。此外，歐洲人帶來了疾病，使許多人染病而死。不過，還是有一些人經(jīng)歷了這些恐怖時期而活下來了。今天住在加利福尼亞的美洲土著人比任何其他州的都要多。THE SPANISHIn the 18th century California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, w

12、hen they fought against the native people and took their land. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. Of the first Spanish to go to California， the majority were religious men, whose ministry wa

13、s to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain. California then became part of Mexico. In 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico, and after the war won by the USA， Mexico had to give California to the USA. However, there is

14、still a strong Spanish influence in the state. That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.when引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾 the early 16th century。what .是介詞of的賓語從句，what在賓語從句中作call的賓語，the United States作賓補(bǔ)。動詞不定式短語to go to California 作后置定語，修飾the first Spanish。當(dāng)名詞前有序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級或on

15、ly修飾時，其后用to do作定語，不用doing。majority/m'drtI/n.大多數(shù)；大半(常與the連用，構(gòu)成the majority of .)ministry/'mInIstrI/n. (政府的)部；(全體)牧師；牧師的職責(zé)Catholic/'kælIk/adj.天主教的 n天主教徒whose ministry . 是whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾religious men, whose在從句中作定語，修飾ministry。gain independence from 從獲得獨(dú)立declare war on 對宣戰(zhàn)過去分詞短語 won by t

16、he USA作后置定語，修飾the war。That is why . “那就是的原因”， why后跟結(jié)果。 That is because .“那是因?yàn)椤?，because后跟原因。第3段譯文西班牙人在18世紀(jì)的時候，加利福尼亞是由西班牙統(tǒng)治的。西班牙士兵最早是在16世紀(jì)初期來到南美洲的，他們同土著人打仗，奪去了他們的土地。兩個世紀(jì)以后，西班牙人在南美洲的大部分地區(qū)定居下來，而且還在我們現(xiàn)在稱之為美國的西北沿海地區(qū)住下來。在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他們的職責(zé)是向原住居民傳授天主教。1821年，墨西哥人從西班牙獲得了獨(dú)立。加利福尼亞于是成了墨西哥的一部分。1846年美國向墨西

17、哥宣戰(zhàn)，美國贏得了戰(zhàn)爭的勝利之后，墨西哥被迫把加利福尼亞割讓給美國。但是，這個州仍然保留著很強(qiáng)的西班牙文化的影響。那就是今天超過40%的加利福尼亞人仍然把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言的原因。RUSSIANSIn the early 1800s， Russian hunters, who had originally gone to Alaska， began settling in California. Today there are about 25,000 Russian­Americans living in and around San Francisco.GOLD MINE

18、RSIn 1848, not long after the American­Mexican war， gold was discovered in California. The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States. Then adventurers from Europ

19、e and Asia soon followed. In fact, few achieved their dream of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. They settled in the new towns or on farms. By the time California elected to become the thirty­first fe

20、deral state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.in the early 1800s 在19世紀(jì)初Alaska/'læsk/n.阿拉斯加(州)settle in 定居；安頓；適應(yīng)Russian­American n美籍俄羅斯人in and around 內(nèi)外，以內(nèi)及周邊San Francisco/sæn frn'sIsk/n.圣弗朗西斯科(也稱舊金山)after, before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語(從句)前面可以加上表示時間概念的名詞或副詞短語，如three d

21、ays, not long, shortly等，表示“在之后/之前的某個時間段”。adventurer/d'ventr/n.冒險家make a life 習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等despite/dI'spaIt/prep.盡管；不管hardship/'hdIp/n.苦難；困苦elect/I'lekt/vt.選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人federal/'fedrl/adj.聯(lián)邦制的；聯(lián)邦政府的第45段譯文俄羅斯人在19世紀(jì)初期，一批最初到阿拉斯加的俄羅斯獵人開始在加利福尼亞定居下來。今天，住在圣弗朗西斯科(舊金山)及其周邊地區(qū)的美籍俄羅斯人約有25 000

22、人。金礦工1848年，在美國同墨西哥戰(zhàn)爭之后不久，在加利福尼亞發(fā)現(xiàn)了金礦。發(fā)財夢很快就吸引了世界各地的人。距離最近因而來得最早的是南美洲人和美國人，隨后跟著來的有歐洲和亞洲的探險家。事實(shí)上很少有人圓了發(fā)財夢。許多人死了或回家了，但是盡管條件十分艱苦，多數(shù)人仍然留在了加利福尼亞勞作謀生，在新的城鎮(zhèn)或農(nóng)場里定居下來。到1850年加利福尼亞成為美國第31個聯(lián)邦州的時候，它已經(jīng)是一個有著多元文化的社會了。LATER ARRIVALSAlthough Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the bu

23、ilding of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. Today, Chinese­Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage have chosen to stay in the “Chinatowns” of Los Angeles and San Francisco.Other immigrants

24、 such as Italians， mainly fishermen but also wine makers, arrived in California in the late 19th century. In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood， California. Th

25、e industry boom attracted Europeans including many Jewish people. Today California has the second largest Jewish population in the United States.Japanese farmers began arriving in California at the beginning of the 20th century, and since the 1980s a lot more have settled there. People from Africa h

26、ave been living in California since the 1800s, when they moved north from Mexico. However, even more arrived between 1942 and 1945 to work in the ship and aircraft industries.rail/reIl/n.鐵路；扶手；(護(hù)欄的)橫條even 是程度副詞，修飾形容詞比較級larger。percentage/p'sentId/n.百分比；百分率Los Angeles/ls'ændlis/n.洛杉磯altho

27、ugh a large percentage . 是although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。Italian/I'tælIn/n.意大利人；意大利語 adj.意大利人的；意大利語的Italy/'ItlI/n意大利Denmark/'denmk/n.丹麥(北歐國家)keep up 堅(jiān)持；維持；沿襲(風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等)which today still . 是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，修飾a town of their own。Hollywood/'hlIwd/n好萊塢；美國電影業(yè)boom/bum/n.(人口、貿(mào)易的)繁榮vi.處于經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展時期includ

28、ing prep.包括People from Africa have been living . when . from Mexico.是主從復(fù)合句，主句用了現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時have been living，從句是when引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾the 1800s。aircraft/'ekrft/n.飛行器；航空器；飛機(jī) 第68段譯文后來的移民雖然中國移民在淘金熱時期就開始來到了，但是更大批量的移民卻是在19世紀(jì)60年代為了修建貫穿美國東西海岸的鐵路而來的。今天，加利福尼亞州各地都有美籍華人居住，盡管有很大比例的華人還是選擇住在洛杉磯和圣弗朗西斯科(舊金山)的“唐人街”里。19世紀(jì)后期，其他

29、國家的移民，比如意大利人來到加利福尼亞，他們主要是漁民，但也有些是制酒工人。1911年，丹麥移民建立了自己的城鎮(zhèn)，至今仍然保留著丹麥文化。20世紀(jì)20年代，電影業(yè)在加州的好萊塢建立了起來。這個新興的行業(yè)吸引了歐洲人，包括許多猶太人。今天，加利福尼亞的猶太人口在美國占第二位。日本農(nóng)民是在20世紀(jì)初期開始到加利福尼亞來的，而從20世紀(jì)80年代以來有更多的日本人在加利福尼亞定居了。非洲人從19世紀(jì)就在加利福尼亞住下來，他們是從墨西哥向北遷來的。然而，更多的非洲人是在1942年至1945年期間來到加利福尼亞的，當(dāng)時他們是到船廠和飛機(jī)廠工作的。MOST RECENT ARRIVALSIn more re

30、cent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia, including Koreans， Cambodians， Vietnamese and Laotians. Since its beginning in the 1970s, the computer industry has attracted Indians and Pakistanis to California.THE FUTUREPeople from different parts of the world, attracted by the c

31、limate and the lifestyle， still immigrate to California. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.home to 的發(fā)源地；的所在地Korean/k'rIn/n.韓國/朝鮮人；朝鮮/韓語adj.韓國(人/

32、語)的；朝鮮(人/語)的Korea/k'rI/n韓國；朝鮮Cambodian/kæm'bdIn/n.柬埔寨人；柬埔寨語Pakistani/pkI'stnI/adj.巴基斯坦(人)的 n巴基斯坦人過去分詞短語 attracted by . 作原因狀語。immigrate/'ImIreIt/vi.移入(外國定居)racial/'reIl/adj.人種的；種族的 第910段譯文最近期的移民在最近的幾十年里，加利福尼亞成了更多亞洲人的家，包括朝鮮人、柬埔寨人、越南人和老撾人。從20世紀(jì)70年代開始發(fā)展計(jì)算機(jī)工業(yè)以來，加利福尼亞又吸引了印度人和巴基斯坦人

33、的到來。未來展望世界各地的人，由于受氣候條件和生活方式的吸引，仍然在繼續(xù)遷入加利福尼亞。人們認(rèn)為，要不了多久，多種國籍的混合將會非常之大，以至于不可能存在一種明顯主要的種族或文化群體，而只是多種族、多文化的混合體。Pre­readingPlease match the words with their proper meanings.1distinctAthe largest part of a group of people or things2meansBto choose to do sth.3majority Ca period of wealth and success4h

34、ardship Drelating to the central government of a country such as US5elect Ea way of doing sth.6federal Frelating to the relationships between different races of people7boom Geasily or clearly heard, seen, ect.8racial Ha situation that is difficult答案：15GEAHB68DCFLead­inHow much do you know about

35、 California? Have a discussion in your group and then do the following general knowledge quiz about California.1California is the _ largest state in the USA.AthirdBsecondCfourth Dfifth2California, a state in the western USA, borders _.Athe Pacific Ocean Bthe Indian OceanCthe Atlantic Ocean Dthe Arct

36、ic Ocean3_ is California's largest and the nation's second largest city.ASacramento BLos AngelesCSan Diego DSan Francisco4California's official nickname is the _.ASunflower State BGolden StateCLand of Opportunity DEvergreen State5_ has the largest population in the USA.ACalifornia BAlask

37、aCWashington DTexas6California entered the Union in 1850, as the _ state.Athirtieth Bthirty­eighthCthirty­second Dthirty­first答案：16AABBADWhile­readingFast­reading1. Divide the passage into three parts and then match the main idea with each part.(1)Part 1 (Para.1)AThe history

38、 of settlement in California.(2)Part 2 (Paras.29)BThe future of California.(3)Part 3 (Para.10) CBrief introduction to California.答案：(1)(3)CAB2What's the topic of this text?AThe Culture of California.BThe History and Culture of California.CThe Weather of California.DThe History of the USA.答案：BCar

39、eful­readingRead the text and choose the best answers.1Many Californians speak Spanish because _.Athe state was once ruled by SpainBthese people came from SpainCthey think the Spanish language is beautifulDreligious men taught them the Spanish language2What's the main reason why Chinese imm

40、igrants came to California?AFor gold.BFor the building of the rail network.CTo open restaurants.DTo live in the “Chinatowns”3Which of the following is TRUE?AMost people did not become rich but settled in California.BMost people died in the gold rush.CThe first to arrive in California for gold were A

41、sians.DAll the people became rich in the gold rush.4Where do Chinese­Americans live?AThey live in all parts of California.BThey only live in the “Chinatowns” of Los Angeles.CThey only live in San Francisco.DThey live in California as well as in Los Angeles and San Francisco.5It can be inferred

42、that _.AEuropean and Jewish people came to make films in Hollywood, CaliforniaBpeople from Mexico came to work in the ship and aircraft industriesCIndians and Pakistanis are good at making computersDthere will be more racial or cultural groups because more people are arriving in California答案：15ABAAD

43、Study­readingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.句式分析本句采用了賓語從句提前的形式。正常的語序應(yīng)該是：No one really knows exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California. 其中what在句子中引導(dǎo)了

44、一個賓語從句，作介詞in的賓語。嘗試翻譯最早一批人具體是在什么時候來到我們現(xiàn)在了解的加利福尼亞地區(qū)的，誰也說不清楚。2Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.句式分析嘗試翻譯在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他們的職責(zé)是向原住居民傳授天主教。3Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during t

45、he Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.句式分析嘗試翻譯雖然中國移民在淘金熱時期就開始來到了，但是更大批量的移民卻是在19世紀(jì)60年代為了修建貫穿美國東西海岸的鐵路而來的。4It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that t

46、here will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.句式分析It is believed that . 意為“據(jù)認(rèn)為”，it為形式主語，that從句為真正的主語，在這個主語從句中so . that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。嘗試翻譯人們認(rèn)為，要不了多久，多種國籍的混合將會非常之大，以至于不可能存在一種明顯主要的種族或文化群體，而只是多種族、多文化的混合體。.閱讀理解AThe United States of America is the most

47、 culturally diverse country in the world in terms of culture, religion, ethnicity and sexual orientation. As a combination of various races and cultures, America is home to all. The culture here is so unique that citizens can be just as proud of their original cultural heritage as they are to be Ame

48、ricans.What is now the US was initially inhabited by native people until the land was settled by various European groups and African slaves. Since the 20th century, the country has become a heaven for people from all over the globe.The arrival of immigrants has shifted populations from rural areas i

49、nto cities because immigrants tend to settle in urban areas. At present, 81 percent of the inhabitants in the US live in cities.Cultural and ethnic diversity adds a unique flavor to cities that is expressed through distinct neighborhoods, restaurants, places of worship, museums, nightlife and multic

50、ultural learning environments.Unique musical forms, such as jazz, rock and roll, Chicano music, and the blues, grow in the US by mixing a variety of culturally distinct musical traditions to create a new form.At the executive (行政的) level, the country is headed by a mixed­race president; two pos

51、ts on the Supreme Court are held by members of the country's two largest minorities. There is also diversity in state and local governments.Without its rich mixture of races and cultures, America would not be the nation that it is today. Founded upon the basis of equality and freedom, America ac

52、ts as a stage where different cultures not only co­exist peacefully, but develop well.1What's the best title for this passage?AThe Effects of Culture and Diversity on AmericaBThe Influence of Globalization on AmericaCThe Political Development of AmericaDThe Bright Future of America解析：選A主旨大意

53、題。通讀全文，主要介紹了多元化在各個方面對美國的影響。2According to the passage, America is a country _.Athat welcomes people from all over the worldBwhere citizens take more pride in their original cultureCthat is mostly settled by Europeans and AfricansDwhere 81% of the population are immigrants解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Since the 2

54、0th century, the country has become a heaven for people from all over the globe.”可知應(yīng)選A。3Where did most people live before many immigrants came to America?AIn the urban areas.BIn the rural areas.CIn the southern part of America.DIn the northern part of America.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“The arrival of immigra

55、nts has shifted populations from rural areas into cities because immigrants tend to settle in urban areas.”可知，大量移民涌入美國之前，當(dāng)?shù)厝舜蠖嗑幼≡卩l(xiāng)下。4We can learn from the sixth paragraph that _.Adiversity has existed in America in almost every aspectBmost posts in America state governments are help by mixed­ra

56、ce peopleCequality and freedom make America a fair countryDdiversity has greatly affected the American political field解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段內(nèi)容可知，多元化對美國的政治領(lǐng)域有很大影響。BThe Louvre, in Paris, France, has almost 275,000 works of art. It contains some of the most famous works of art in the history of the world, in

57、cluding the MonaLisa by Leonardo da Vinci.The Louvre was originally a fort (a strong building used by soldiers for defending a place) built by King Philip sometime around AD 1200. In the 1300s, it became a royal house for Charles ， who had it renovated (翻新). While he did have his own collection of art there, everything disappeared when he died.This impressive building remained empty until 1527, when Francois decided that he wanted it for his private palace. Francois was a collector of early Italian Renai