（整理版高中英語）全國高考英語單項選擇題解析動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)專題

1、全國高考英語單項選擇題解析 動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)專題1.(全國卷,23) planing so far ahead no senseso many things will have changed by next year.a.made b.is making c.makes d.has made答案 c解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“方案這么超前毫無意義到明年許多事情會發(fā)生變化的。前句表示現(xiàn)在的情況make no sense，后句表示到將來會產(chǎn)生的后果will have changed。一般現(xiàn)在時表示主語的特征或狀態(tài)。is making和has made表示具體的動作過程，故不選。因此選c。2.(

2、全國卷,24) i wasnt sure if he was really interested or if he polite.a.was just being b.will just be c.had just been d.would just be 答案 a解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“我不能確信他是真正感興趣呢還是僅僅為了表示禮貌。句前wasnt sure說明說話的起點是過去時，was really interested和was just being polite都是相一致的過去時。應(yīng)選a。3.(全國卷,29) when alice came to, she did not know

3、 how long she there.a.had been lying b.has been lying c.was lying d.has lain答案 a解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“當alice蘇醒過來時，她不知道她在那兒躺了多久了。過去完成進行時主要表示持續(xù)到過去某時之前的動作。came to蘇醒過來是過去時，蘇醒前的情況是過去的過去，強調(diào)過去的過去里發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)選a。4.(全國卷ii,9) if you don't like the drink you_just leave it and try a different one. a. ordered b. are orde

4、ring c. will order d. had ordered答案 a解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“如果你不喜歡你所點的飲料，就把它放那兒，試試另一種。don't like the drink是現(xiàn)在時，點飲料是過去的動作，因此，用過去時或現(xiàn)在完成時，應(yīng)選a。5.卷,21experiments of this kind in both the u.s. and europe well before the second world war.a. have conducted b. have been conducted c. had conducted d. had been con

5、ducted答案 d解析： 考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)，句意為“就在二戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)前，美國和歐洲都進行過這種實驗。首先考慮語態(tài)，主語experiment與conduct構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，謂語使用被動形式。題干中出現(xiàn)the second war是過去的時間點，before the second war是過去的過去，因此使用過去完成時。選d。6.卷,23tom in the library every night over the last three months.a. works b. worked c. has been working d. had been working答案 c解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意

6、為“在過去的三個月里，tom每天晚上都在圖書館里學習。題干中出現(xiàn)的over the last three months，是明顯提示用現(xiàn)在完成進行時或現(xiàn)在完成時。應(yīng)選c。7.卷,27that must have been a long trip.yeah, it us a whole week to get there.a. takes b. has taken c. took d. was taking答案 c解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“那一定是長途旅行。是的，我們花了整整一周時間才趕到那兒。題干中must have done是對過去的肯定推測，提示時間在過去，描述過去的情況，排除a和b，d

7、項was taking進行時態(tài)表將來，但事實上事情已發(fā)生，這與題意不符，因此選c。8.卷,32bob has gone to california.oh, can you tell me when he ?a. has left b. left c. is leaving d. would leave答案b解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“bob已經(jīng)去了加利福尼亞。噢，你能告訴我他什么時候離開的？bob has gone to california，去的動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生過，說明他離開的動作發(fā)生在過去，因此使用一般過去時。選b。9.卷,3in the last few years thousands o

8、f films all over the world.a.have produced b. have been produced c. are producing d. are being produced答案 b解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意為“在過去的幾年時間里，全世界制作了成千上萬部電影。in the last few years在過去的幾年時間里，其實是從過去算到現(xiàn)在，是現(xiàn)在完成時的標志。選b。10.卷,4on her next birthday, ann married for twenty years.a.is b.has been c.will be d.will have b

9、een答案 d解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“等到下次生日的時候，ann結(jié)婚有二十年了。her next birthday是將來的時間，for twenty years是個時間段。將來完成時表示持續(xù)到將來某時的動作或狀態(tài)，應(yīng)選d。11.春招,29im sure you will do better in the test because you _ so hard this year. a. studiedb. had studiedc. will studyd. have been studying答案 d解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“我確信你將在這次考試中取得更好的成績，因為這一年里你一直用

10、功學習。前半句im sure you will do better交代了時間起點是現(xiàn)在。because引起的狀語從句不能用將來時，只能用現(xiàn)在時。this year今年，是個時間段。d項 have been studying表示一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，故用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。選d。12.春招,32a lot of people often forget that oral exams _ to test our communicative ability. a. designb. are designedc. are designingd. are being designed答案 b解析：考查動詞的

11、時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意為“很多人經(jīng)常忘記設(shè)計口語測試是用來檢測我們的交際能力的。一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性動作或狀態(tài)時，常與often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等時間狀語連用。oral exams與design的關(guān)系存在著被動，應(yīng)選b。13.(卷,31) when i got on the bus, i_i had left my wallet at home.a. was realizingb. realizedc. have realizedd. would realize答案 b解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“當我上了車后，我才意識到我把錢包落在家里

12、了。i had left my wallet at home發(fā)生在realized之前，前一句when i got on the bus給出的時間起點是過去時，應(yīng)選b。14.(卷,35) she was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _ everything!a. had been eating b. had eaten c. have eaten d. have been eating答案 b解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“她驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)冰箱里空空如也；她的孩子把里面的東西全吃光了！“吃光這個動作發(fā)生在“發(fā)現(xiàn)之前，前一句交代了過去時間

13、，因此選擇過去的過去。應(yīng)選b。15.卷,21i hear you _ in a pub. whats it like?well, its very hard work and im always tired, but i dont mind.a.are workingb.will work c.were working d.will be working答案 a解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“我聽說你在酒吧里上班，這份工作怎么樣？咳，這是份辛苦活，老感到累，不過我不介意。對話所用的現(xiàn)在時說明現(xiàn)在還在酒吧里上班，用現(xiàn)在進行時描述現(xiàn)階段長期重復的一個動作。應(yīng)選a。16.卷,23tommy is pl

14、anning to buy a car.i know. by next month, he_enough for a used one.a. saves b .savedc.will save d. will have saved答案 d解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“tommy將方案買車。我知道，到下個月為止，他積攢的錢足夠買一輛舊車了。by next month是將來完成時的標志，全句表示在將來next month之前完成“積攢足夠錢的動作，對將來的時間next month產(chǎn)生影響，能買一輛舊車。應(yīng)選d。17.卷,32last month, the japanese government e

15、xpressed their thanks for the aid they from china.a.receive b.are receiving c.have received d.had received答案 d解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“上個月，日本政府對來自于中國的援助表示了感謝。expressed是過去時，接受中國的援助發(fā)生在expressed之前，是過去的過去，故用過去完成時。選d。18.卷, 32i didnt ask for the name list. why _on my desk? i put it there just now in case you needed

16、 it.a. does it landb. has it landed c. will it landd. had it landed答案 b解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“我并沒有要這份名單。為什么我的桌子上放著這東西？這是我剛剛放的，以備你需要。i didnt ask for和i put it there just now都表示過去的動作，很有迷惑性，但why has it landed on my desk？是到說話時為止的情況，名單在桌面上?，F(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的對現(xiàn)在有影響的動作，應(yīng)選b。19. (卷,15) the manager was worried about the pre

17、ss conference his assistant_in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly.a. gave b. gives c. was giving d. had given答案 c解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“經(jīng)理擔憂著他的助手代替他所舉辦的新聞發(fā)布會。幸運的是，一切進展順利。was worried about和everything was going on smoothly都是過去時，排除b選項。經(jīng)理擔憂的時候正是助手舉辦新聞發(fā)布會之時，過去進行時表示過去某時正在進行的動作，排除表示過去完成時的d選項。

18、a選項gave表示過去的動作發(fā)生過，這與后面everything was going on smoothly不符，因為事情還在進展中，應(yīng)選c。20.卷,9all visitors to this village _ with kindness.a. treat b. are treated c. are treating d. had been treated 答案 b解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意為“所有到這個村子的來訪者都會受到善意的接待。表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作，用一般現(xiàn)在時。來訪者與招待存在著被動關(guān)系。由于沒有交代過去時間，had been treated過去的過去不能用。因此選b。

19、21.卷,19what a mistake!yes. i his doing it another way, but without success.a.was suggesting b.will suggest c.would suggest d.had suggested答案 d解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“多么嚴重的錯誤呀！是的，我曾經(jīng)建議他換個方法做，但他沒聽。他犯錯誤發(fā)生在過去，我提建議發(fā)生在他犯錯誤之前，是過去的過去，故用過去完成時。這里不是再現(xiàn)當時提建議的情景，故不用was suggesting。選d。22.卷,21that piece of music sounds quite

20、 familiar. who _the piano upstairs?a. has played b. played c. plays d. is playing答案 d解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“那首樂曲聽起來相當熟悉。是誰在樓上彈鋼琴？在聽的過程中才發(fā)出誰在彈鋼琴的疑問，sound用的是現(xiàn)在時，交代的時間是現(xiàn)在，應(yīng)選d。23.卷,31look at the pride on toms face. he to have been praised by the manager just now.a.seemed c.had seemed d.is seeming答案 b解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。

21、句意為“看tom臉上驕傲的表情，他似乎剛剛受到了經(jīng)理的表揚。look at祈使句交代了時間是現(xiàn)在，seem表心理判斷，沒有進行時態(tài)，應(yīng)選b。24.卷,12his first novel good reviews since it came out last month. a.receives b.is receiving c.will receive d.has received答案 d解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“他的第一本小說自上個月出版以來受到了好評。since自從以來，引導含有過去時的從句時，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時。應(yīng)選d。25.湖南卷,22john, what _in your hand?

22、 look! its a birthday gift for my grandma.a had you held b are you holding c do you hold d will you hold 答案 b解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“john，你手里拿的是什么？看，這是給我奶奶的生日禮物。兩人對話以現(xiàn)在時間為參考點，現(xiàn)在(說話人說話時) 對方hold這個動作正在發(fā)生，故用現(xiàn)在進行時。選b。26.湖南卷,27 in 1492, columbus_ on one of the bahama islands, but he mistook it for an island off in

23、dia.a. lands b. landed c. has landed d.had landed 答案 b解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“在1492年，哥倫布登上了巴哈馬群島，但他誤以為是印度的島嶼。in 1492是過去時的標志，后面表達的是在這一年里發(fā)生的事情。題目沒有明確說明“登陸是發(fā)生在“誤解之前的動作，因此，這兩個行為都統(tǒng)一在1492年里，排除d，應(yīng)選b。27.湖南卷,30it is the most instructive lecture that i _ since i came to this school.a. attended b. had attended c. am attending d. have attended 答案 d解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“自從我到這個以來，這是我所聽到的最有教育意義的演講。since自從以來，引導過去時的從句時，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時。選d。28.湖南卷,34in the near future, more advances in the robot technology _ by scentists.a. are making b. are made c. will ma