[英語學(xué)習(xí)]數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)的英語表達(dá)

1、.1.Logic     there exist  for all pq  p implies q / if p, then q pq  p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2.Sets   xA  x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of A xA  x does not belong to A / x is not an element (

2、or a member) of A AB  A is contained in B / A is a subset of B AB  A contains B / B is a subset of A AB  A cap B / A meet B / A intersection B AB  A cup B / A join B / A union B AB  A minus B / the diference between A and B A×B  A cross B / the cartesian product of

3、 A and B 3. Real numbers   x+1  x plus one x-1  x minus one x±1  x plus or minus one xy  xy / x multiplied by y    (x - y)(x + y)  x minus y, x plus y    x/y  x over y =  the equals sign x = 5  x equals 5 / x is equ

4、al to 5 x5  x (is) not equal to 5 xy  x is equivalent to (or identical with) y x/y（x不等于y) x is not equivalent to (or identical with) y x > y  x is greater than y xy  x is greater than or equal to y x < y  x is less than y xy  x is less than or equal to y 0 &l

5、t; x < 1  zero is less than x is less than 1 0x1  zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1 | x |  mod x / modulus x x 2 (x的平方） x squared / x (raised) to the power 2 x 3  x cubed x 4  x to the fourth / x to the power four x n  x to the nth / x t

6、o the power n x n  x to the (power) minus n x的（算術(shù)）平方根 (square) root x / the square root of x x的立方根 cube root (of) x x 的4次方根  fourth root (of) x x 的n 次方根 nth root (of) x ( x+y ) 2  x plus y all squared ( x/y ) 2  x over y all squared n!  n factorial x  x h

7、at x ¯  x bar x  x tilde x i  xi / x subscript i / x suffix i / x sub i i=1 n a i  the sum from i equals one to n a i / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of the a i  4.Linear Algebra    x  the norm (or modulus) of x OA  OA / vector OA OA ¯  OA

8、/ the length of the segment OA A T （轉(zhuǎn)置） A transpose / the transpose of A A 1 （逆） A inverse / the inverse of A 5. Functions   f( x )  fx / f of x / the function f of x f:ST  a function f from S to T xy  x maps to y / x is sent (or mapped) to y f'( x )  f pr

9、ime x / f dash x / the (first) derivative of f with respect to x f''( x )  f double-prime x / f double-dash x / the second derivative of f with respect to x f'''( x )  triple-prime x / f triple-dash x / the third derivative of f with respect to x f (4) ( x )  f fou

10、r x / the fourth derivative of f with respect to x f / x 1 （f對(duì)x1的偏導(dǎo)） the partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1 2 f / x 1 2 (f對(duì)x1再對(duì)x2的2 階偏導(dǎo)） the second partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1 0 （積分0到） the integral from zero to infinity lim x0  the limit as x approaches

11、 zero lim x 0 +  the limit as x approaches zero from above lim x 0  the limit as x approaches zero from below log e y  log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y lny  log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y ?    

12、0;                 各種數(shù)學(xué)語言的英語翻譯數(shù)學(xué) mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE) 公理 axiom 定理 theorem 計(jì)算 calculation 運(yùn)算 operation 證明 prove 假設(shè) hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.) 命題 proposition 算術(shù) arithmetic 加 plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.

13、) 被加數(shù) augend, summand 加數(shù) addend 和 sum 減 minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被減數(shù) minuend 減數(shù) subtrahend 差 remainder 乘 times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘數(shù) multiplicand, faciend 乘數(shù) multiplicator 積 product 除 divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除數(shù) dividend 除數(shù) divisor 商 quot

14、ient 等于 equals, is equal to, is equivalent to 大于 is greater than 小于 is lesser than 大于等于 is equal or greater than 小于等于 is equal or lesser than 運(yùn)算符 operator 平均數(shù)mean算術(shù)平均數(shù)arithmatic mean幾何平均數(shù)geometric mean  n個(gè)數(shù)之積的n次方根  倒數(shù)（reciprocal） x的倒數(shù)為1/x  有理數(shù) rational number 無理數(shù) irrational number 實(shí)數(shù)

15、real number 虛數(shù) imaginary number 數(shù)字 digit 數(shù) number 自然數(shù) natural number 整數(shù) integer 小數(shù) decimal 小數(shù)點(diǎn) decimal point 分?jǐn)?shù) fraction 分子 numerator 分母 denominator 比 ratio 正 positive 負(fù) negative 零 null, zero, nought, nil 十進(jìn)制 decimal system 二進(jìn)制 binary system 十六進(jìn)制 hexadecimal system 權(quán) weight, significance 進(jìn)位 carry 截尾

16、 truncation 四舍五入 round 下舍入 round down 上舍入 round up 有效數(shù)字 significant digit 無效數(shù)字 insignificant digit 代數(shù) algebra 公式 formula, formulae(pl.) 單項(xiàng)式 monomial 多項(xiàng)式 polynomial, multinomial 系數(shù) coefficient 未知數(shù) unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式，方程式 equation 一次方程 simple equation 二次方程 quadratic equation 三次方程

17、cubic equation 四次方程 quartic equation 不等式 inequation 階乘 factorial 對(duì)數(shù) logarithm 指數(shù)，冪 exponent 乘方 power 二次方，平方 square 三次方，立方 cube 四次方 the power of four, the fourth power n次方 the power of n, the nth power 開方 evolution, extraction 二次方根，平方根 square root 三次方根，立方根 cube root 四次方根 the root of four, the fourth

18、root n次方根 the root of n, the nth root sqrt(2)=1.414  sqrt(3)=1.732  sqrt(5)=2.236常量 constant 變量 variable 坐標(biāo)系 coordinates 坐標(biāo)軸 x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 橫坐標(biāo) x-coordinate 縱坐標(biāo) y-coordinate 原點(diǎn) origin 象限quadrant  截距(有正負(fù)之分)intercede  (方程的）解solution 幾何geometry 點(diǎn) point 線 line 面 plane 體 solid

19、 線段 segment 射線 radial 平行 parallel 相交 intersect 角 angle 角度 degree 弧度 radian 銳角 acute angle 直角 right angle 鈍角 obtuse angle 平角 straight angle 周角 perigon 底 base 邊 side 高 height 三角形 triangle 銳角三角形 acute triangle 直角三角形 right triangle 直角邊 leg 斜邊 hypotenuse 勾股定理 Pythagorean theorem 鈍角三角形 obtuse triangle 不等邊

20、三角形 scalene triangle 等腰三角形 isosceles triangle 等邊三角形 equilateral triangle 四邊形 quadrilateral 平行四邊形 parallelogram 矩形 rectangle 長(zhǎng) length 寬 width周長(zhǎng) perimeter 面積 area 相似 similar 全等 congruent三角 trigonometry 正弦 sine 余弦 cosine 正切 tangent 余切 cotangent 正割 secant 余割 cosecant 反正弦 arc sine 反余弦 arc cosine 反正切 arc

21、tangent 反余切 arc cotangent 反正割 arc secant 反余割 arc cosecant集合aggregate 元素 element 空集 void 子集 subset 交集 intersection 并集 union 補(bǔ)集 complement 映射 mapping 函數(shù) function 定義域 domain, field of definition 值域 range    單調(diào)性 monotonicity 奇偶性 parity 周期性 periodicity 圖象 image 數(shù)列，級(jí)數(shù) series 微積分 calculus 微分

22、 differential 導(dǎo)數(shù) derivative 極限 limit 無窮大 infinite(a.) infinity(n.) 無窮小 infinitesimal 積分 integral 定積分 definite integral 不定積分 indefinite integral 復(fù)數(shù) complex number 矩陣 matrix 行列式 determinant圓 circle 圓心 centre(BrE), center(AmE) 半徑 radius 直徑 diameter 圓周率 pi 弧 arc 半圓 semicircle 扇形 sector 環(huán) ring 橢圓 ellipse

23、 圓周 circumference 軌跡 locus, loca(pl.) 平行六面體 parallelepiped 立方體 cube 七面體 heptahedron 八面體 octahedron 九面體 enneahedron 十面體 decahedron 十一面體 hendecahedron 十二面體 dodecahedron 二十面體 icosahedron 多面體 polyhedron 旋轉(zhuǎn) rotation 軸 axis 球 sphere 半球 hemisphere 底面 undersurface 表面積 surface area 體積 volume 空間 space 雙曲線 hyperbola 拋物線 parabola四面體 tetrahedron 五面體 pentahedron 六面體 hexahedron菱形 rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形 square 梯形 trapezoid 直角梯形 right trapezoid 等腰梯形 isoscele