dlaAAA動(dòng)名詞的用法PPT

1、1Module TwoModule Two語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)的講練語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)的講練動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞Grammar2它是一種兼有動(dòng)詞和名詞特征的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式?；拘问剿且环N兼有動(dòng)詞和名詞特征的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式?；拘问綖闉?v-ing, 動(dòng)名詞具有名詞的性質(zhì)，因此在句中可以做主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞具有名詞的性質(zhì)，因此在句中可以做主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。動(dòng)名詞有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。動(dòng)名詞有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本形式動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本形式：（以：（以write為例）為例） 時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般時(shí)一般時(shí)完成時(shí)完成時(shí)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)writing having written 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

2、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)being written having been written 注意：動(dòng)名詞的否定形式是：注意：動(dòng)名詞的否定形式是：not writing 31.在一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加詞尾在一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加詞尾 ing。 eg. go going; do doing; ask asking; read - reading study studying; carry carrying; fly flying; worry worrying; 2.在以不發(fā)音的在以不發(fā)音的e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，去掉結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，去掉e，再加，再加- ing。 eg. come coming live

3、 living dance dancing make making 3.在閉音節(jié)的單音節(jié)動(dòng)詞后、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的多音節(jié)在閉音節(jié)的單音節(jié)動(dòng)詞后、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的多音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，而末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，將這個(gè)輔音字母雙寫動(dòng)詞，而末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，將這個(gè)輔音字母雙寫（x除外），然后再加除外），然后再加 ing. sit sitting; run running; begin beginning; forget forgetting 4.在少數(shù)幾個(gè)以在少數(shù)幾個(gè)以 ie 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后：須將結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后：須將ie 變作變作y，再加，再加- ing。(這些動(dòng)詞詞典一般均注明這些動(dòng)詞詞典一般均注明)

4、eg. die dying; tie tying lie lying 4性質(zhì)性質(zhì) 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ) 定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)名動(dòng)名詞詞n.動(dòng)名詞能在句中充當(dāng)什么成分？動(dòng)名詞能在句中充當(dāng)什么成分？以及同位語(yǔ)以及同位語(yǔ)5用作主語(yǔ)用作主語(yǔ)所表動(dòng)作比較抽象，或者泛指習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。所表動(dòng)作比較抽象，或者泛指習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。Playing with fire is dangerous. Climbing mountains is really fun. 注意：注意：動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)，有時(shí)先用動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)，有時(shí)先用it作形式主語(yǔ)，把動(dòng)名詞作形式主語(yǔ)，把動(dòng)名詞置于句末。這種用法在習(xí)慣句型

5、中常用。置于句末。這種用法在習(xí)慣句型中常用。 1)It is no use/ good / useless + doing2)It is a waste of time+doing 3)It is fun+doing 在以上兩種結(jié)構(gòu)中常用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。在以上兩種結(jié)構(gòu)中常用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。Its no use crying over spilt溢出溢出 milk.(覆水難收）覆水難收）There is no joking about the matter. It is fun playing with children. 和孩子們一起玩真好。和孩子們一起玩真好。 63.句型句型There is 往

6、往用于說(shuō)明往往用于說(shuō)明不允許、禁止不允許、禁止某種活動(dòng)或是某件事情發(fā)生或存在某種活動(dòng)或是某件事情發(fā)生或存在。類似一種。類似一種建議、命令等。建議、命令等。1)There is no joking about such matters .2)There is no denying the fact that China has made a rapid progress in every aspect since it was founded .不容抵賴這個(gè)事實(shí)，中國(guó)自它成立以來(lái)已在各個(gè)不容抵賴這個(gè)事實(shí)，中國(guó)自它成立以來(lái)已在各個(gè)方面都取得了飛速的發(fā)展。方面都取得了飛速的發(fā)展。3)There is

7、 no littering about . 不許亂扔雜物。不許亂扔雜物。71）作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)）作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ) 某些動(dòng)詞后只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不能用不定式。常見(jiàn)的此某些動(dòng)詞后只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不能用不定式。常見(jiàn)的此類動(dòng)詞有：類動(dòng)詞有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay推遲推遲 耽誤耽誤, practise, resist 堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持 suggest, depend

8、on, think about, set about開(kāi)開(kāi)始做始做, succeed in, worry about, burst out突然發(fā)生突然發(fā)生, insist on, be used to, get used to, devoteto, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to準(zhǔn)備準(zhǔn)備 等。如：等。如： They went on walking and never stopped talking. 他們繼他們繼續(xù)走，說(shuō)個(gè)不停。續(xù)走，說(shuō)個(gè)不停。 I found it pleasant walking along the seashor

9、e. 在海灘上在海灘上走真是樂(lè)事。走真是樂(lè)事。 8后跟后跟-ing的動(dòng)詞的順口溜：的動(dòng)詞的順口溜：避免，錯(cuò)過(guò)，（少）延期避免，錯(cuò)過(guò)，（少）延期建議，完成，（多）練習(xí)建議，完成，（多）練習(xí)喜歡，想象，禁不住喜歡，想象，禁不住承認(rèn)，否定，（又）妒忌承認(rèn)，否定，（又）妒忌逃避，冒險(xiǎn)，（多）原諒逃避，冒險(xiǎn)，（多）原諒忍受，保持，（不）介意忍受，保持，（不）介意avoid, miss, postpone/put offsuggest, finish, practiceenjoy, imagine, cant helpadmit, deny, envyescape, risk, excusestand,

10、keep, mind92）作介詞的賓語(yǔ)）作介詞的賓語(yǔ) We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我們正考慮為下學(xué)期制定新我們正考慮為下學(xué)期制定新的計(jì)劃。的計(jì)劃。Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我們休息呢還是開(kāi)始干活？我們休息呢還是開(kāi)始干活？ Despite lacking money, his parents sent him to a good university. He was late again because of getting up la

11、te. Lock the doors and windows before going out. What/How about the two of us playing games？10注意：注意：to 在下列短語(yǔ)中是介詞，常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。在下列短語(yǔ)中是介詞，常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。 be/get used to look forward to get down to 開(kāi)始認(rèn)真做開(kāi)始認(rèn)真做 pay attention to devote oneself to 獻(xiàn)身于獻(xiàn)身于 lead to contribute to object to（反對(duì)）（反對(duì)） Lets get down to prepa

12、ring for the exam.11 動(dòng)名詞用在下列詞組后作賓語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞用在下列詞組后作賓語(yǔ)：give up, cant help, feel like, be worth, be busy, set about開(kāi)始做某事開(kāi)始做某事, put off, think of，insist on等等 I cant help loving you . Do you feel like having a break?4) 既可接動(dòng)名詞又可接不定式的常用動(dòng)詞有：既可接動(dòng)名詞又可接不定式的常用動(dòng)詞有：remember, forget, regret, mean, try等，但表達(dá)的意義不同。等，但表達(dá)的

13、意義不同。 I remember seeing her at the hotel. 我記得在賓館見(jiàn)過(guò)她。我記得在賓館見(jiàn)過(guò)她。(動(dòng)作發(fā)生了動(dòng)作發(fā)生了) I will remember to see her at the hotel. 我記著要去賓館見(jiàn)她。我記著要去賓館見(jiàn)她。(動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生)121remember/forget/ regretto do動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生doing 動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生2. try to do 設(shè)法、努力去做，盡力設(shè)法、努力去做，盡力doing 試試去做（看有何結(jié)果）試試去做（看有何結(jié)果）3. mean to do 打算做（主語(yǔ)一般是人）打算做

14、（主語(yǔ)一般是人）doing 意味著（主語(yǔ)一般是物）意味著（主語(yǔ)一般是物）4.regretto do對(duì)將要做的事抱歉對(duì)將要做的事抱歉doing 對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事感到后悔對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事感到后悔13 5. stopto do停下去做另外一件事停下去做另外一件事doing 停止做手頭的事情停止做手頭的事情14注注意意 1.在一些動(dòng)名詞（短語(yǔ)）作介詞在一些動(dòng)名詞（短語(yǔ)）作介詞in的賓的賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 的結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞in 可以省略。這些結(jié)構(gòu)有：可以省略。這些結(jié)構(gòu)有：1） difficulty trouble S+have+ problem + (in) doing . a good/hard time

15、 fun2)There is no point (in) doing sth. 3) be busy S+ lose time + (in) doing. waste time4) S + spend time / money (in) doing sth.15注注意意在帶有賓補(bǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)中，往往用在帶有賓補(bǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)中，往往用it作形式賓語(yǔ)而作形式賓語(yǔ)而將真正賓語(yǔ)（動(dòng)名詞）放在句尾。將真正賓語(yǔ)（動(dòng)名詞）放在句尾。 I consider it a waste of time arguing about it. We found it useless discussing it again. I don

16、g think it worthwhile doing it right now. think consider useless S + find it+ no use + doing feel like no good etc.16 Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的你的任務(wù)就是擦窗戶。任務(wù)就是擦窗戶。(Cleaning the windows is your task.) What I hate most is being laughed at. 我我最痛恨的就是被別人嘲笑。最痛恨的就是被別人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what

17、 I hate most.) 作表語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)句子主語(yǔ)常是表示無(wú)生命的事物的動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)句子主語(yǔ)常是表示無(wú)生命的事物的名詞或名詞或what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。表語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞與主引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。表語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞與主語(yǔ)通常是對(duì)等的關(guān)系，表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)通常是對(duì)等的關(guān)系，表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)可互換位置。語(yǔ)可互換位置。 17）動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)及復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)及復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)Would you mind _（我開(kāi)窗戶嗎）？（我開(kāi)窗戶嗎）？Would you mind my / me opening the window?my/ me 稱為動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)稱為動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)I

18、cant understand Jack /Jacks leaving his wife.I cant understand his/him leaving his wife.Jacks/ His leaving his wife is unbelievable.動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)名詞的幾個(gè)注意事項(xiàng)動(dòng)名詞的幾個(gè)注意事項(xiàng)18 邏輯主語(yǔ)邏輯主語(yǔ) 通常是由通常是由物主代詞，人稱代詞賓物主代詞，人稱代詞賓格，名詞所有格，名詞格，名詞所有格，名詞 構(gòu)成。在構(gòu)成。在句子開(kāi)頭句子開(kāi)頭時(shí)，時(shí)， 必須使用物主代詞或名詞所有格。必須使用物主代詞或名詞所有

19、格。 His coming made us very happy.19（四）動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)（四）動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)放在所修飾的名詞之前，與動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)放在所修飾的名詞之前，與所修飾的名詞間沒(méi)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，所修飾的名詞間沒(méi)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示所修飾的名詞的表示所修飾的名詞的功能、作用功能、作用。 These passages may be used as listening materials. Mr. Wang suffers from insomnia(失眠失眠), he has to take a sleeping tablets（藥片）（藥片） before going

20、to bed.1. He is too old and has to walk with the help of a walking stick （棍棒）（棍棒）.nsmn tblt 20 His habit, listening to the news on the radio, remains unchanged. 他收聽(tīng)收音機(jī)新聞節(jié)目的習(xí)慣仍沒(méi)有改變。21 （一）一般式（一）一般式 （being done) （二）完成式（二）完成式（having been done)22（一）一般式（一）一般式（being done)當(dāng)一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞邏輯上的主語(yǔ)所表示的是該動(dòng)作的對(duì)象（即動(dòng)名詞所表示的動(dòng)作與

21、邏輯主語(yǔ)有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系）時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞一般要用被動(dòng)式。He came in without being asked.I dont mind being left home all by myself.He disliked being interrupted in his experiment.Tom avoided being punished because of his fathers absence.Before being used, the computer should be tested.23注注意意在在want, need, deserve, require 等動(dòng)詞及形等動(dòng)詞及形容詞

22、容詞worth后，總是用動(dòng)名詞的后，總是用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義被動(dòng)意義，相當(dāng)于，相當(dāng)于“to be + +過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”。My watch needs repairing (=to be repaired).The house wants cleaning.The way deserves mentioning. 這個(gè)方法值得一提。這個(gè)方法值得一提。These young trees will require looking after carefully.The Selected Poems is well worth reading. 241.The news th

23、at our team had been defeated was disappointed.2.Lucy dosent mind to lend you her MP3.3.After take his measure, they decided to give him the position.5.I still remember taken to Shanghai when I was a child.disappointingdisappointinglendinglendingtakingtakingbeingbeingCorrect the mistakes in each sen

24、tence.Correct the mistakes in each sentence.256.I am not used to be spoken to like that.7.We would appreciate to hear from you soon.8.People sometimes cant help to buysomething they wont need.9.I can hardly imagine Peter sails across the river.10.Tony was very unhappy for having not been invited to the party.beingbeinghearinghearingbuyingbuyingsailingsailingnotnot havinghaving26選擇題：選擇題：1. My watch needs _,but I ha