《寵兒》的后現(xiàn)代敘事策略

1、河北師范大學碩士學位論文寵兒的后現(xiàn)代敘事策略姓名：劉濤中請學位級別：碩士專業(yè)：英語語言文學指導教師：段曉英20111201據(jù)層療瞬凰翔詠鶴彌懈,商曲舷學潮翻麟刪嶺詡價。女斜于1鮒3牌諛得箱貝爾妁姍成偽第擁闞m該靜筋黑朋催作家魅敘她弼僅獲得了般窩的簾丸成規(guī)而|»也餡刪裔女性傑家捋到孑躥帰的幘承訕 爲劉im旌品啖帶'的敘扇技旳,漓帥歷竝體，姥&般的語商而備眈敖!跚鮒鈕f誼部獲得譙爽爾茨獎的知測實用咖醐榊策軸i楂us妣成為飆代4僦的萄輔稠為作 家,莫里森將其介加魅加與迦辭囲現(xiàn)我！恩5®相結合ilwssm淺川面她的倉著魏 叭膳她織鍬朦維錨睜槨淞嘶陵個的里程碑” o本

2、文展示了寵兒之所以獲得巨大成功，正是在于源于其卓越的藝術技巧，它立 足于非裔黑人文化同時有兼具歐美文化基礎，尤其是后現(xiàn)代主義的敘事策略，本文旨在 嘗試對寵兒進行嘗試性系統(tǒng)性的研究，以分析了解后現(xiàn)代主義中片段描寫，時間描 寫以及多意識流多聲音敘事等各種技巧。本文以對莫里森的研究入手，研究其生平經(jīng)歷 等，來發(fā)現(xiàn)對作品的影響。第二部分主要通過至今為止對寵兒的評論進行研究，主 要集中于對其敘事策略的研究。通過研究旨在將敘事策略與小說主題進行結合，了解到 作為現(xiàn)實的見證者，莫里森認識到任何普通的敘述都無法揭示奴隸所遭受的折磨和傷 害，于是借鑒了非洲的故事敘述方法，嘗試新的敘事策略去訴說奴隸的故事。寵兒

3、通曲鋭的戲馳彌語敘礙 只和創(chuàng)對田繭臟廂獅屈謝鋼劉屈飆內斜對于罐川 綁和蛙題進行了大量的研究卿指顯瞬進紆瞠解，但胺 m 皺后驗現(xiàn)生主基于上述原因，本文旨在通過后現(xiàn)代主義敘事特點去了解莫里森所描述的歷史和回 憶，通過研究不僅為了紀念，更為了建立和諧社會。同時通過對敘事策略的細致描述, 揭示作品的藝術價值和主題：回顧奴隸制度下黑奴的悲慘歷史，重新構建和諧的黑人白 人社會關系。關鍵詞：托尼莫里森 寵兒 后現(xiàn)代 敘事策略ivlabstractitoni morrison, the fit林aaadontemporary american wiwahas gained a worldwideimputat

4、ion as one bf the best novelists in the history of american literature. her winning the1993 nobel prize for literature makes her the first female african american so honored and marks not only a personal triumph but also the recognition of the artistry of african american fiction. she is one rf the

5、most prominent black female writers whose works are characterized by diverse narrative 嗣誠彌備 aprofbund epic themes, and 阿tic language .her beloved which is awarded wwitzer prize, is a monumental work in postmodern american fiction, which is characterized by diverse nanfhniques. as a writer, she combi

6、ned her personal charm and the insight with some pcmmbdan 臨鮒 for mid紘.her masterpiece beloved is highlighted by steshas "a milestone in black fiwttature history?1the writer af the aesis presents why beloved achieves such extraordinary success lies inher “ml渝倆腦愉beloved, rooted in african-america

7、n £誕11僦,泌o employ theessence <af euro-american bwmture to serve the writing, especially 冊;odem narrativetechniques. the thesis is an attempt at 也king a tentative and matic analysis 6f narrative chronology, time, stream of consciousness and the trices df beloved in the postmodern narrative te

8、chniques. the itwsis begins 站th a brief survey of the biography of toni lalison to estimate how morrison's 刪粘cah as well as her working experiences impinges on her 卿lation for 側b翎0密代 second part makes a brief investigation about the criticism dfbeloved so far done. the concentration is mainly on

9、 its artistic narrative sfcategies. by review, the paper attempts to make a combination between the skill and the theme involved this main section focuses on the complete and skillfill adoption postmodern narrative techniques in beloved.the stavm beaas af,witness bearer*1 to observe or experience 抽胃

10、血1咖1詢詁elf morrison 站鈕 that i so many traumas that any normal or chronological narration could not reveal the 如mgery and humiliation df slavery tb their wounded 血甜屯a耐啊descending from the african storytelling tradition, attempts the narration scatogies 命 pteniatize the project ctf writing the story of

11、 slavery. beloved poignantly dramatizes a tension between the blockingof pjelling and its eruption exploring the access potential of narration in recovering the repressed past retrieving memory, and fighting the suppression of individual and communal voice. in addition, the research into the novefs

12、essential narrative technique is in a rare and scarce state, though articles or comments have been published increasingly. whether at home or dxmdp nanative technique or the theme conveyed by the novel is scholarly discussed and a great asumber 隔師pgraphs and famous magazines have appeared to guide r

13、eader's understanding, however, there is no critic who researches on the theme by analyzing the peculiar postmodern narrative strategies, and there is no consistent voice on the major theme.based on t above 弱, the paper is intended io explore beloved from the perspective ©f postmodern diasa

14、teristic of its narrative §pgies to estimate that morrison's simultaneous working thought of history and gmory makes the novel fantastic not gily forprojects of remembrance and revision.through the dffitaibdcanalysis of posianodem narrative舗胡jegies of beloved, the thesis comes to explore it

15、s aesthetic value and eminent theme: recalling j&gro's wretched history under jyjjpfying institution of slavery and 敘礙dieting a hannonious relationship between the black and the white 盛諭©lely.key wonlsioeoni morrisonbeloved postmodernnarrative gjjgjegiesirrt rodu ct iontoni morrison, th

16、e most famous and important contemporary black american novelist who awakes the awareness i>f slave in the bottom bf heart bf the bucks inawekfca- she gained anreputation as one of the best novelists or poets inthe history of american literature. her 1993 nobel prize for uitetature makes mdrrison

17、 the first female african american soand stands for not only a triumph for black people but also the success of the black femald action oflaknerican血勵 she is one of the most creative black female novellab whose tiiiielrpieces arefeatured by unusual narrative skills, profound social themes, and hdoot

18、h rqetic wdmi .her beloved brought many glories for which is i lamnorial novel in imdi¥idual charm with the penetration by many postmodern 弭回es for readers. so her most successful work beloved is regarded ipy criwids na milestone in black literature biwhpostmodern fiction in ppntppiporary lioiw

19、ilkture. as a writer, she connected hertoni mchmmiivas conferred so many honors wich as nobel prize whichmaking hfi翳the first plftic加american woman to be yppflgnized by (tartiinatei literature.mmribon's novels explore problems of african-american female lives in pjqvfjs that combine factors of t

20、he drik刪妝i違曙 融礎事血 jit切ary techniques, and magical realism to provide voice to the stories of women living on the borders of whitey. as apopular african-americanmprrison demonstrated a miracle for other black ftinale novelists to succeed in the ma純stream literature morrison got thepulitzer prize and

21、letters award for &ong of sbldfifam and the american academy and institute of arts, the national book critics circle award for 昭and the! 996ronndation medal of national book four of her novels were chosen for the qprah winfrey national book club, and beloved was adapted to film as a major motion

22、 picture produced by and erring winfrey.morrison was bbm on figlprujary 18,1931, in lorain, ohio. her father worked as a ship welder in lorain. she was very close in age to her sister, with whom she ftfftned a strong bond that has continued throughout her ttfe.fflforrison was ppftquraged by her fami

23、ly to 陣剛 and spent much ofher childhood at the local library. toni morrison was very intelligent when she was 存摘訕禪卄伽 received many degrees from different universities. she got tfibaffwfif university of howard in i 對爺畫 d continued to finish an mta.f in literature at 甘聊甲ersity of cornell in 1955. she

24、got married in 1 狗8pibut got a divorce in 1964, and she finally became a lonely single mom. from the 1ateffl950s to the early 1960s, she acted as an lecturer in houston and she acted as an editor 1965 to 1983 加再feshi斑ten, d.c.her first tti哋ffke剛eye, was expanded from a short story she had written wh

25、ile still in college. although the bluest eye got great notice at first, her career as a nationally recognized author was launched with the success of sula, her sec(»idrovel5 after which the bluest eye was retrospectively given renewed consideration as an important work of fiction- while 湘陽nuin

26、g <o write novels and children's books, as well as editing several essay collections on issues of race in america, morrison has 禪pght as a guest professor in english and humanities at a number of qqeges and universities, including the state thwyersity of new york at albany and at pwchfite, ya

27、le university, bard college, harvard university, and trinity college at cambridge wfifitersity in england.since she has rettmed a post as professor in princeton pfyersity of ttftfianitifcfetmorrison's overarching thematic anxieties throughout her works are with problems of african-american women

28、 in the contemporary white 偸痂1 her works provide comprehensive analysis of issued within the african-american 巒iety， relations between men and women, and |f)pics of racism between different color americans. her main interest rests wth the lives of black female, whose asks for individual personality

29、are connected with their society and their culturalher fictions are 婁旗i嵐範苛呼 txmcemed with 耐嗚卿輒稱orytelling, and the 械fife眄f耐制if 備fwith memory, history, and 料附種矽aphy, and have thus beenftcognized as postmodern meta-narratives.morrison's stories are conscious of african 訥瞽h(huán)n娜冃tage as well asafrican

30、-american history, thus demonstrating the importance of the past to the struggles of gggggjnporary, african americans. morrison uses powerful factors of black english in the dialogues or narration io show the |ficance pf|§uage in her works. morrison's novels often use some forms 廉fancy, and

31、 the sjgmatural, for example the character in )ng of solomon who can 陽 or the ghost pf a ctead child who 卯pears in beloved.1 her first novel, the bluest eye, is set jn the 1940s and exhibits problems of race through the role °f pocola, an jl1 years old black girl who extremely dreams of long, b

32、lond hair and blue eyes. after raped /y her dad and is 豹起eanb she turns into madness and assumes that her 勒es are bluest jn the world.risorfs another three novels, sula, song of solomon and tar baby, are generally regarded as a trilogy. sula focuses on the close relations of jgpdship between sula an

33、d 屈gbs。!* knew each other as girls and keep their friendship closely into grow-ups. jt is ruptured al the when nel finds her husband sleeping with her best friend, sula. in the novel, morrison sarches the jjgfg)rtance of female relationship in the construction of personal identity, which 如職1 life is

34、 often superseded by men. song sof solomon centers on the roleqf 昶諧礙an, bom in the north but moves the south, where he finds that his ancestor is solomon, one of an old gjerious tribe whose members can fly.according 4o the legend, these africans, conquered and enslaved 価 america, escaped their bonda

35、ge jby flying back £o 越ri牌 song solomon looks 血 dto the issues sof history and myth in african aof the establishment gofshdividual identity. tar baby is set on the isle deq曲aliers in theq泌contemporary times. with the character ofsdine childs, a 鈕跆essfiil fashion model and student of art history

36、,tar baby inspects the embarrassing situation ef adaption and £訥賊 1 identity in theupper-class african americans. her 暑慮嚴quent threejazz, andparadise, are often loosely grouped as anotherjgy, each set in a different periodsofsssafrican-american history: beloved takes place in the post-civil war

37、, with memoriesto the periods of slavery sin the south; jazz is set during the harlem renaissance of the 1920s; and paradise is set during the civil rights eraef the 1960s and s1970s. beloved gets the elements sof magical realism together with the tradition )f the black slave narrativesin the story

38、of halle, a slave trying to raise her children in theg-civil warera.the story set in the period of reconstruction. beloved is a strong work about the evil of slavery and the value of freedom. the tegic story is told in a series of memories. halle murdered her own baby 必"曲to save it from a sad l

39、ife of slavery, and the ghost of the poor child comes back to haunt her home as a girl named baby suggs. the story did not blame the slavery directly. she employs an unreal but powerful or sad story to wake the awareness of different people, who are under the pressure of slave in diffierent societie

40、s. jazz focuses on 曠romantic relation between a woman, violet, her husband, and an years oldhameddorcas, whom joe falls in lovewithr joe's passion for dorcas ultimately results in his shooting and killing her.enraged by her hibandrs betrayal, violet goes to the girfs funeral and cuts the face of

41、the corpse with a knife. as barbara williams lewis pointed out in her essay 倫thefunction of jazz in tommomsotfs jazz/5 morrison's narrative styles and voice in jazz rooted in the elements of jazz music. paradise studies the stresses between the small black town, ruby, and an atiwomen abbey, loca

42、ted on the suburbs of the town.anxious about the empowerment of women in the town the men finally massacre all the women there. love happens at the site of a luxurious vacation hotel adapting toamerican visitors. told by l., the fbnner cook of resort, love concerns thestruggles between two women, he

43、ed and christine, over the feelings of biircosey, the nowdeceased owner of the resort. heed and christine began as girlhood friends. their fiiendship was des&eyed?-however, when cosey, christinas fifty-two-year-old grandfether, purchased the eleven-year-old seed"1 from her parents so that h

44、e could take her as his child bride. heed and christine, now old women, both live in the mansion of the closed-down resort, fiercely battling one another over the ambiguous and still-unsettled will cosey had scribbled on a testaurantmenil love examines the different types of love felt by heed. chris

45、tine, and several other women for the expired man who was the center of their lives.toni morrison is the greatest novelist and critics not just because she has been conferred nobel prize of literature. her success is the result of her consensus of theauthors of the whole world. she is not a writer i

46、nstead of a leader who led the battle4against the unendurable reality. an academy announced that morrison is the first black american and the ghth woman to be quoted for the famous award since its inception in 101. in the words of the swedish academy, her visionary force and import could gavejife to

47、 an essential aspect of american reality” the academy praised the 62-year-old professor at princeton for the “epic確r" of her narration,for feaawning ear for dialogue and richly 卿§essive dictions of black america,2 meaason became the first black woman writer 切 k)ld a named chair at an ivy l

48、eague university. the first black woman 住鋰代djhich notice which makes her be one of the most eminent novelists of america- toni meaaaon, the poet of black people, while telling the story of her own race, has built her fame as a distinguished worldwide writer.morrison has won many titles during her wh

49、ole career. she received much nutrition from different aspects or roles of the society, which contributed to her writing. in addition, many of her professional accomplishments have won national離昭釀besides the features she has got from the 目d)lic media, from different magazines and papers, she has bee

50、n the receiver of some degrees, literature awards,and recognition: the national book critics' circle award, pulitzer prize, nationalbook award in fiction, and the nobel prize and so on. hgt work in many fields is highly accepted worldwide. as a scholar and a uniquely曲a nmreii陸 morrisonaaitighmen

51、t ateo thehas won the greatest respect of both other writers and the peblicaamorrison being awarded the nobel prize marks not oaly a jwrsonal s admiration of the society of fiction and the 出mity df the black woman's wto&ashe encouraged black writers, black history, and black culture unceasin

52、gly in various 爾ys.she has been the sbol of antislavery. curious about that logical thinking made between ftfoeison and other writers were 詼翩arable to imposing the wrong ideas on her works, morrison 哋ed in a 1983 interview, ui am not like james joyce; i am notlikeajliomas hardy; i am not lifoauhcner

53、?5 in the imewfew? ntorrison asks for the f a criticism 豌ted in black culture to make deeply readings(x her works and those by other black feiftale she is the 鈕曲癒 伽erican writer to get the nobel,. speaking through hermorrison expressed her gratitude as a black american had 機en admitted by the academ

54、y. ui am outrageously happy，” she said. "but what is most wonderful for me, personally, is to know that the prize at last has been awarded to an 緘由沁仙細wan. winning is 第仙lerican is very special but winning as a black american is a knockout for her artistic gifts and 船隔pet闔ee, morrison becomes the

55、 best one of contemporary novelists of 伽辺曲 the success as a successful writer surpasses her black identity and the gender. morrison is a successful black female novelist as well as one of the most important writers on the literary stage today. in 1992, critic wendy steiner said she is a great writer

56、 and a national writer whose works helps her to speak as an aawriean. in the review鮮§輯ftmrsement of morrison is not qply the acknowledgement of her greatness as a voice for black and as a great master of different artistic forms but what seems to be the declaration that morrison as a black woma

57、n writer has from the edge of the literary to 脫dominant teader of current and fiihire literary culture. joanne braxton makes 宙is claim %he black woman at the e«iter of human 聲沖ieao靄ar紬誠如i於ciousness，instead of at the periphery.” what becomes obvious by placing those remarks one by one is that th

58、e development of morrison to patriotic recognition has 勵珈筋snulated by the great, magnificent effect of works she has made but also by a following consideration of the meaning of the term 経american”, a awareness ef the relation between white and bbad&merican cultures, of the (wmction of race of a

59、esthetics and culture, politics and society.toni morrison has integrated into her works al) main except for being a feminist, she can also be called as an existentialist, a 誠inalist, a postmodernist, a realist, andthe works 破磁血鮒¥第tively challenged the negativestereotypes in the media and other cultural by now thought as aimportant milestone iie血erican literature, morrison's works broke new field in a critical time for black writers, particularly for the black women writers. toni mwison has