牛津譯林七年級(jí)上冊(cè)閱讀理解專題練習(xí)

1、1 牛津譯林七年級(jí)上冊(cè)閱讀理解專題練習(xí)【知識(shí)梳理】一、閱讀理解概述閱讀是語言學(xué)習(xí)的主要目的之一。閱讀理解題已經(jīng)成為全面評(píng)估學(xué)生英語水平的重要測(cè)試題型，在中考英語試卷中所占比重也比較大，它不僅考查學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用英語語言知識(shí)的能力 ，而且考查學(xué)生閱讀的速度及理解能力。二、閱讀理解題型分類 1. 閱讀短文，判斷正誤 2. 閱讀短文，選擇答案 3. 閱讀短文，回答問題（任務(wù)型閱讀）1. 閱讀短文，判斷正誤這種題型要求應(yīng)考者根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容，對(duì)所列的句子與短文內(nèi)容是否相符做出正誤判斷。應(yīng)考者做這類考題時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意反義詞、近義詞以及一些詞組的互替使用。2. 閱讀短文，選擇答案這類題目類型是閱讀理解最?？嫉囊环N

2、。這類題型的選項(xiàng)應(yīng)在理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上做出判斷， 堅(jiān)持短文內(nèi)容與考項(xiàng)對(duì)比的方法，把一些與短文內(nèi)容明顯相符或不相符的答案選出來，然后再對(duì)要求根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推埋的考項(xiàng)即短文偽容中沒有直接答案的考項(xiàng)進(jìn)行推斷。3.閱讀短文，回答問題【注】任務(wù)型閱讀在第7 次課做詳細(xì)講解。三、閱讀理解解題技巧（一）步驟2 1、先讀問題，弄清考查要點(diǎn)，以便能帶著問題看文章，這樣會(huì)心中有數(shù)，有的放矢。2、快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌，注意發(fā)現(xiàn)與問題有關(guān)的信息，如果時(shí)間緊，至少要掃視一下起首段和尾段。再把標(biāo)題和文章內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來想一想，這樣全文大意便清楚了。此時(shí)，不要忙于答題。3、細(xì)讀原文，捕捉相關(guān)信息詞，掌握短文細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容。這是解題的

3、關(guān)鍵，應(yīng)特別注意以下幾點(diǎn)：（1） 抓住四個(gè) w 和一個(gè) h，就是邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標(biāo)記，把what (事件 )，when （時(shí)間） ，where （地點(diǎn)），why（原因），how（經(jīng)過）劃出來。抓住了四個(gè)“ w ”和一個(gè) “ h”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的問題便可解決。（2）抓住連接詞及起關(guān)鍵作用的副詞、代詞、介詞、插入語等。因?yàn)檫@些詞具有因果，讓步，遞進(jìn)，轉(zhuǎn)折，指代，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。這對(duì)考生分清文章層次，辨明各種關(guān)系，了解人物心理，推斷作者意圖，進(jìn)行邏輯推理等手段來分析難點(diǎn)，都具有舉足輕重的作用。（3） 注意領(lǐng)會(huì)文章的寓意。（4）根據(jù)題意，初選答案。這一步須仔

4、細(xì)審題，領(lǐng)會(huì)測(cè)試要求，確定解題方法。對(duì)那些明顯的，有把握的題可以斷然確定，不必把其余三個(gè)答案再作推敲而浪費(fèi)時(shí)間：有些略難的題，應(yīng)再查閱短文（不是重讀一遍），迅速找出依據(jù)，予以排除。4、重讀原文，仔細(xì)斟酌核對(duì)答案。在解完最后一道題后，如果時(shí)間允許，再將原文讀一遍；用全文的主題思想統(tǒng)率各思考題，研究其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系，目的在于對(duì)所做答案進(jìn)一步審查，推出未解答的題，以便減少失誤。（二）考點(diǎn)及解題方法1、細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題策略：* 此類題主要考察學(xué)生對(duì)相關(guān)信息的識(shí)別能力，答案一般在原文中能找到。* 答題時(shí)應(yīng)迅速找到它的考察點(diǎn)，切不可望文生義或主觀臆斷。* 出題中所設(shè)的干擾項(xiàng)一般與文中的觀點(diǎn)截然相反，要么

5、不符，要么未涉及，相對(duì)容易排除。2、文章 ( 段落 ) 主旨大意題設(shè)題方式： which is the best title of the passage? the writer thinks_. 3 the writer wants to tell us_. the main idea of the passage is_. 解題策略： * 切忌以點(diǎn)代面，以偏概全。文章的首尾句及各段的首尾句往往是探察全文內(nèi)容的窗口，閱讀時(shí)要學(xué)會(huì)找出文章的中心句。* 在閱讀過程中，可通過略讀來快速把握文章的中心，閱讀時(shí)視閾要寬，緊抓對(duì)主題句的搜索，按意群進(jìn)行閱讀，避免閱讀中的出聲、指讀、復(fù)視或停頓。* 學(xué)會(huì)猜

6、詞、跳詞閱讀，以暫時(shí)記憶迅速在頭腦中清晰把握文章的大意。3、推理判斷題此類題需要透過文章信息進(jìn)行深入的分析、綜合、歸納等推斷，需根據(jù)上下文及其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系對(duì)篇章進(jìn)行深入的分析。設(shè)題方式：1) how many times did the tiger come into the village? 解題策略： * 每段的首句，含有重要的解題線索。設(shè)題方式： 2) from the second paragraph we know_. 解題策略： * 在把握全篇的基礎(chǔ)上，細(xì)讀這一段。4、是非判斷題設(shè)題方式：which of the following is (not) true? which of th

7、e following descriptions about is right?解題策略： * 干擾項(xiàng)常常是無中生有，張冠李戴，以偏概全，擴(kuò)大內(nèi)容。5、詞義猜測(cè)題設(shè)題方式：4 what does the word “” mean in paragraph 3?what does the underlined word mean? the word “” most likely means _.which of the following is closest in meaning to the word_. 解題策略：閱讀中碰到生詞時(shí)不要著急，耐心地讀下去，文章會(huì)幫助你猜出生詞詞義。此外，我們

8、也可以通過構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)分析生詞詞義，或通過上下文,同義詞，反義詞，生活常識(shí)等猜測(cè)，尤其是本句話以及前后兩句話，給生詞假設(shè)意思，看是否讀的通。還可以聯(lián)想，即回想已知詞匯中是否存在拼寫方法與該生詞類似的詞。 * 學(xué)會(huì)猜詞(1) 捕捉關(guān)鍵詞。在閱讀時(shí)應(yīng)該注意與問題相關(guān)的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞或同位詞等信息詞來得出正確答案(2) 根據(jù)上下文猜詞義。它和前后文有著必然的聯(lián)系,只有把握作者的脈搏，理清邏輯鏈條,才能鎖定生詞的含義。例如： a calendar is a list of the days ,weeks, months of a particular year. calendar 日歷(3) 轉(zhuǎn)

9、換解題法。即原文這么說，而在問題和所給選項(xiàng)中則用另外的詞去轉(zhuǎn)換一種說法，但仍表示同一含義。(4) 依解釋microscope is an instrument(工 具 )that makes small near objects seems larger.microscope means_. * 有時(shí)我們能從生詞的前后找到解釋性的文字?！咀ⅰ孔鲩喿x理解時(shí)，排除法是很重要的！我們可以根據(jù)語言，句法結(jié)構(gòu)，信息詞和常識(shí)，在沒有把握的選項(xiàng)中用排除法得出正確答案?！纠}精講】a 5 whole wheat ( 小麥 ) apple pancakeswhat you need:2 cups of whol

10、e wheat flour1/2 teaspoon of salt2 eggs1/4 cup of vegetable oil2 large apples1 cup of butterdirections:in a large bowl, stir ( 攪拌 ) the flour and salt. put eggs, oil and apples into the flour.heat a large pan over medium heat. put a large teaspoon of batter (面糊 ) onto the pan and cook until the batt

11、er becomes dry. then flip the pancake and cook until it becomes brown on the other side. when both sides have a light brown color, the pancake is ready. heat the butter over medium heat and add it to the pancake. it makes the pancake taste more delicious.1. how much vegetable oil do you need? a. 1 c

12、up. b. 1/2 teaspoon. c. 2 cups. d. 1/4 cup. 2. what s the right order of making pancakes? put eggs, oil and apples into the flour. cook the batter . stir the flour and salt. heat the pan. a. b. c. d. ( )30. what does the word “flip ” mean in chinese? a. 翻動(dòng) b. 爆炒 c. 切碎 d. 涼拌【答案】 dba 【分析】1.根據(jù)文章第六行直接得出

13、答案6 2.根據(jù)文章的direction 部分可得出原文的順序，直接得到答案3.因?yàn)檎湓挼囊馑际窃趺礃颖★炛钡絻擅娑际墙鹱厣?，推斷?yīng)該是翻炒. b jack and mike are on holiday in france. mike loves visiting old buildings. jack likes, too. in the village jack and mike see a beautiful old church, but when they come into the church, some people are there. they dont know w

14、hat the people are doing. oh! just sit quietly, and do like the others! mike says. because they dont really know french, so they stand, kneel, and sit to follow other people. then the priest( 牧師 )says something. the man next to jack and mike stands up. we should stand up, too! jack whispers to mike.

15、 so, jack and mike stand up with the man. suddenly, all the people smile! after that, jack and mike walk to the priest. whats so funny? jack asks in english. with a smile on his face the priest says, boys, there is a new baby born, we ask the father to stand up. mike smiles and says, we should under

16、stand what people do before we do like them. 1.why are jack and mike in the church? athey want to see the priest. bthere are many friends. cthey want to see the baby. dthe church is an old building. 2.mike and jack can speak_. afrench benglish cenglish and french dchinese 3.the man stands up because

17、_. ahe is the babys father ball the people laugh cjack and mike stand up dhe knows english 7 4.the passage wants to tell us_. aholiday makes people relaxed bfrench is very important cthe priest is very kind dnot to do like others without asking why 【答案】 dbad 【分析】1.d 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文“mike loves visiting ol

18、d buildings. jack likes, too.in the village jack and mike see a beautiful old church,”的描述可知，因?yàn)閖ack 和 mike 都喜歡古老的建筑，所以他們都在老教堂里了。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)選d。2.b 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“because they dont really know french .jack asks in english.”的描述可知，他們不懂法語但是會(huì)說英語。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)選b。3.a 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)牧師說的話boys, there is a new baby born, we ask the f

19、ather to stand up. 可知，那個(gè)人是孩子的父親。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)選a。4.d 主旨大意題。根據(jù)“we should understand what people do before we act like them!”的描述可知，我們不可以盲目跟風(fēng)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)選d。c many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. they believe that their family members, and in particular （特別是） their p

20、arents, dont know them as well as their friends do.in large families, it is quite often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for advice. it is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or a circle of friends. even when they are not w

21、ith their friend, they usually spend a lot of time talking on the phone. this communication is very important in childrens growing up, because friends can discuss something difficult to say to their family members. however , parents often try to choose their childrens friends for them. some parents

22、may even stop their children from meeting their good friends.the question of“choice ”is an interesting one. have you ever thought of the following questions? who chooses your friends? do you choose your friends or your friends choose you? have you got a good friend your parents dont like? your answe

23、rs are welcome. 8 1. when teenagers stay alone ,the usual way of communication is _ . a. to go to the friends. b. to talk with their parents. c. to have a discussion with their family by phone. d. to talk with their friends on the phone. 2. which of the following is different in meaning from the sen

24、tence “ some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends?”a.some parents may even not allow (允許 ) their children to meet their good friends. b.some parents may even ask their children to stay away from their good friends. c.some parents may even not let their children meet t

25、heir good friends d.some parents may want their children to stop to meet their good friends. 3.which of the following sentences is right according to the passage? a.parents should like everything their children enjoy. b.in a family children can choose everything they like. c.parents should try their

26、 best to understand their children better. d.teenagers can only go to their friends for help 4. the sentence “your answers are welcome” means_ . a. we welcome you to have a discussion with us. b. weve got no idea ,so your answers are welcome . c. your answers are always correct. d. you can give us a

27、ll the right answers. 【答案】1.d 2.d 3.c 4.a 【分析】1.根據(jù)第二段第三句“even when they are not with their friend, they usually spend a lot of time talking on the phone. ”可知，青少年獨(dú)自一人的時(shí)候通常跟他們的朋友在電話種溝通。2.根據(jù)第三段可知，一些家長阻止孩子們?nèi)ヒ娝麄兊暮门笥眩莇 選項(xiàng) stop to do 是停下來去做某事的意思，所以選d 3.根據(jù)文章主旨大意，父母們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)盡力去更好的了解他們的孩子，選c 9 4.這句話是歡迎與我們討論，把你的

28、答案告訴我們進(jìn)行參考?！菊n堂練習(xí)】c now some women stay a weekend at mothers camp（營地） there ， husbands and children are not allowed why does a woman want to take a vacation without her family ？ some women say they need time to be aloneat mothers camp a woman has room for herself she can sleep ， read or watch tv，and

29、no one will bother her no children will ask， mom ， whats for dinner？ no husband will say， oh ， dear ， i cant find any clean socks in fact almost 50% of women in the united states work outside the home many of them work fulltime and then come home for a second job taking care of their homes and famil

30、ies these working women say one of their biggest problems is houseworkin the united states， working wives do about 75% of the housework many of their husbands say they want to help but then they burn the rice or they cant find the pans they ask so many questions that their wives decide it is easier

31、to do the job themselves some women go to mothers camp just to get a break from housework for two days they dont cook， they dont clean and they dont look after their children and husbands what do they do？ they enjoy warm， sunny weather， walking ，swimming or boating in a clear blue lake and sing song

32、s around the campfire they relax away from homethey have a really wonderful vacation at mothers camp1.from this passage we can see in the united statesa women want to work outside the home b working wives do most of the housework c husbands do as much housework as their wives d women do not like to

33、stay at home with their families 【參考答案】 b1 0【考查內(nèi)容】細(xì)節(jié)理解題【難度等級(jí)】中【思路解析】根據(jù)第三段第一句in the united states， working wives do about 75% of the housework在美國，工作的妻子大約做家務(wù)活的75% 可知工作的妻子做大部分家務(wù)選 b。2.at mothers camp，women canta watch tv b read newspapers c swim in the lake d bring their husbands and children 【參考答案】 d【考

34、查內(nèi)容】細(xì)節(jié)理解題【難度等級(jí)】中【思路解析】根據(jù)第一段開頭now some women are spending a weekend at mothers camp（營地） there ， husbands and children are not allowed現(xiàn)在有些女性在母親營里過周末，丈夫和孩子不被允許可知她們不能帶他們的丈夫和孩子該選d。3.why do some mothers like to be alone？ becausea they dont like their husbands and children b they have to work fulltime c th

35、ey need time to relax themselves d they like to do housework 【參考答案】 c【考查內(nèi)容】細(xì)節(jié)理解題【難度等級(jí)】中【思路解析】根據(jù)第二段中in fact almost 50% of women in the united states work outside the home many of them work fulltime and then come home to a second jobtaking care of their homes and families事實(shí)上，在美國幾乎有50% 的婦女在家外工1 1作他們中的許

36、多人全職工作，然后回家第二份工作，照顧他們的家和家人可知一些媽媽需要時(shí)間放松自己，所以該選c。4. whats the best title for this passage？aworking woman b husbands and wives c mothers relax away from home d mothers in the us 【參考答案】 c【考查內(nèi)容】標(biāo)題歸納題【難度等級(jí)】中【思路解析】根據(jù)短文末they relax away from home they have a really wonderful vacation at mothers camp她們遠(yuǎn)離家去放松她

37、們?cè)谀赣H營度過了一個(gè)非常愉快的假期及全文內(nèi)容可知，短文主要介紹媽媽們遠(yuǎn)離家庭去放松選c。d almost all people like flowers. some people like flowers because of their smells, shapes, colors and so on. others like flowers because they think different flowers mean different things. flowers have their own language. for example, red roses mean “ lov

38、e” and sunflowers mean “ loyalty( 忠誠 ) ” . so people in more than 100 countries have chosen their own national flowers which say something about their countries spirit. in 1994, china talked about choosing a national flower. some people liked the peony(牡丹 ) but others liked the plum blossom(梅花 ). th

39、ey couldn t agree with each other and we don t have our own national flower yet. people like to buy different flowers in different seasons. where do all the beautiful flowers in shops come from? they may come from far away. when you buy a flower, you re paying lots of people: the farmer, the driver of the plane or train or bus, the seller in the flower market and the flower shopkeeper. so you should keep your flowers from far away for a long time. but how? why not dry them? it s easy!