高二英語disabilities教案4

1、高二英語 Unit17 Disabilities 知識(shí)點(diǎn)總復(fù)習(xí)教案Section III詞匯語法、綜合技能18. Every four years, mentally disabled athletes come together to take part in the SpecialOlympics. 智障運(yùn)動(dòng)員每四年聚會(huì)一次，參加特殊奧運(yùn)會(huì)。(p.55 Integrating Skill 第一段 第1 行)* every 的一種用法 此處 every 用在數(shù)詞前，如 every two (three，etc.)，意為“每兩個(gè)(三)個(gè)”。如： I go there every three d

2、ays. 我每三天去那里一次。 The American people elect apresident every four years. 美國人四年選一次總統(tǒng)。 There is a bus to the station everyten minutes. 每十分鐘有一輛公共汽車進(jìn)站。 They stopped and rested every five miles. 他們每五英里停下來休息一會(huì)兒。 Nine women have lost jobs for every five men. 每五個(gè)男子失業(yè)就有九個(gè)女子失業(yè)?！咀ⅰ恳部梢愿驍?shù)詞表示同樣的意思。如： The Olympics

3、are held every fourth year. 奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)每四年舉行一次。 It has been snowing, roughly every third day. 近來大約每三天就要下一次雪。【注】值得注意的是表示“每隔”。要用 every other 或 every second。如“每隔一天”，要說 every other day 或 every second day。 I went home every other week.我每隔一周回家一次。 Please write every other line. said the teacher. 老師說：“請(qǐng)隔行寫”。19.

4、 Just like the regular Olympic Games, the events are surrounded by grand ceremony and正如通常舉辦的奧運(yùn)會(huì)一樣。(p.55 Integrating Skill 第一段 第 2 行)* event, incident 和 accident 這三個(gè)詞都表示“事件”，但各有不同，event 一般表示比較重大的事件或體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的比賽項(xiàng)目。如： A daughters marriage is quite an event for a mother. 女兒的婚姻對(duì)一個(gè)母親來說確實(shí)是件大事。 The signing of th

5、e Declaration of Independence was an importantevent.獨(dú)立宣言的簽定是重大事件。 The next event will be 100 metres. 下一個(gè)比賽項(xiàng)目是一百米賽跑。 The first day at school is a big event in a childs life. 上學(xué)第一天在孩子的一生中是件大事。incident 是指“(不尋常的或令人不快的)事情、小事情、插曲”。 Lets forget the wholeincident. 忘了那件不愉快的事吧! There was a funny incident when

6、 the fat woman couldntget out of the car. 當(dāng)那個(gè)胖女人下不了小汽車時(shí)有一段滑稽的插曲。 That was one 0f thestrangest incidents in my life. 那是我一生中最奇怪的事之一。 incident 也可以表示引起戰(zhàn)爭、爭端的事件；可作為 battle，war 一類詞的委婉說法。如： Frontier incidents have been common along the border between the two countries. 兩國常發(fā)生邊界事件。 The diplomatic incident wa

7、s caused by misunderstanding. 這一外交事件是由誤解造成的。accident 多指“不愉快的、意外的、不測之事導(dǎo)致不良后果”。如： He lost both his legsin a train accident.他在一次火車事故中失去了雙腿。 There were several people injured in the traffic accident.在這次交通事故中有好幾個(gè)人受了傷。 accident 也可以指中性的事情。如：the accident of birth 出生這件事。the accident thatFrance and Germany ha

8、ve a common border 法國和德國有共同的邊界線的情況。 surround by / withsurround by / with 意思是“四周都是” “處于的氣氛中”。如： Ours is a hilly areasurrounded on three sides by mountains. 我們這兒是一個(gè)山區(qū)，三面都是大山。 The gardenwas large, surrounded by a high wall and shaded by thick trees. 這座花園很大，周圍有一道高墻，里面有茂密的樹林。 They love being surrounded b

9、y familiar possessions. 他們喜歡周圍擺放一些熟悉的東西。He found himself surrounded with an atmosphere of kindness.他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處在友好的氣氛之中。 They were surrounded with dangers they knew. 他們知道他們處于危險(xiǎn)之中?！咀ⅰ縮urrounded with / by 實(shí)際上是個(gè)過去分詞短語，現(xiàn)在分詞 surrounding 可單獨(dú)作前置定語。如： The towns water comes from the surrounding hills. 這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的水是從周圍的小

10、山上流下來的。 There are a lot of interesting places to visit in the surrounding area.周圍地區(qū)有很多風(fēng)景勝地可參觀?！咀ⅰ縮urrounding 也可作名詞用，意為“周圍的事物”“環(huán)境”。如： Id like to bringup my child in healthy surroundings. 我想在健康的環(huán)境中養(yǎng)育我的孩子。 She grew up incomfortable surroundings. 她在舒適的環(huán)境中長大。20. Living with a mental disability is perhaps

11、 the most difficult challenge a human beingcan face in life. 同殘疾人生活在一起也許是人們所能面臨的最困難的挑戰(zhàn)。 (p. 55 Integratingskills 第二段第 1 2 行) face vt. / vi.“面向”“朝”此時(shí)可作及物動(dòng)詞，也可作不及物動(dòng)詞 She turned to facethe newcomer and introduced herself. 她轉(zhuǎn)身面向新來者作了自我介紹。 The building facesthe street. 那建筑物面對(duì)著街道。 - How does that house fa

12、ce? - It faces to the east.“那座房子朝哪邊?”“朝東邊?！?Manufacturing industry face a grim future if thegovernment pursues its present policies.如果政府繼續(xù)推行現(xiàn)行政策，制造工業(yè)將面臨嚴(yán)酷的未來。 He couldnt face his boss after making such a fool of himself at the meeting.他做出這樣的丑事后，不敢面對(duì)自己的老板。face 常用短語: face a person down 以勢壓人; face up t

13、o 勇敢地對(duì)付; be faced with 面臨、面對(duì); face out 大膽地，堅(jiān)持到底; face to face 面對(duì)面；相對(duì); in a persons face 當(dāng)著某人的面; in the face of 面對(duì)，不顧; make / pull a face 扮鬼臉; set / put ones faceagainst 強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)、抵制; take on a new face 面貌一新; turn ones face away 把臉轉(zhuǎn)過去;face the music 面對(duì)失敗、接受批評(píng)拓展：face 還可意為“面對(duì)面臨(問題、挫折、困難等)”21. The disability

14、 makes everyday life difficult and society often fails to treat thementally disabled with dignity and respect. 殘疾使日常生活困難，社會(huì)也經(jīng)常不能給智力障礙者以尊重和尊嚴(yán)。(p. 55 Integrating skills 第二段第 2 行)注意 everyday 和 every day 在用法上的不同，前者是形容詞，作前置定語，后者作狀語修飾動(dòng)詞。如： It is a common everyday expression. 這是一個(gè)普通的日常用語。 Then shechanged i

15、nto her everyday clothes.然后她換上了日常的衣服。 The book is written in simpleeveryday English. 這本書是用簡單的日常用語寫的。 She came to see us every day. 她每天都來看我們。 Every day you said to yourself, I will learn my lesson tomorrow. Nowyou see what has happened. 每天你總對(duì)自己說“我明天學(xué)功課?！爆F(xiàn)在你看發(fā)生什么了。 fail 表示“沒能做到某事”可用 fail to do sth. 也可

16、以說 fail in doing sth.。如： He rang the number again, but failed to get a connection. 他又拔了那個(gè)號(hào)，仍然沒能接通。 I failed to see him. He was out. 我沒見到他，他出去了。 He failed to pass theexamination though carelessness. 由于粗心，他考試沒有及格。 I failed in persuading him.我沒能說服他。 He always fails to lock the door when he leaves. 他離開時(shí)

17、總是忘記鎖門?！咀⒁狻縡ail sb. 有“使某人失望”之意。如： His friends failed him when he most neededthem. 他的朋友們?cè)谒钚枰麄兊臅r(shí)候使他失望了。 She reached for a chair and sat downsuddenly, as if her legs had failed her.她伸手抓過一把椅子，突然坐了下來，好像她的腿支持不住了似的。 She was so upset that words failed her.她心煩意亂得說不出話來。 He wouldhave succeeded if his courage

18、 hadnt failed him. 如果他當(dāng)時(shí)沒有失去勇氣，他就成功了。 dignity(1) n. 高尚的品質(zhì)；尊嚴(yán)；尊貴，真正的價(jià)值 Only a free man has human dignity. 只有真正自由的人才有人的尊嚴(yán)。(2) n. 莊嚴(yán)的舉止，端正的儀態(tài) She kept her dignity despite the hissing. 盡管噓聲四起，她依舊泰然自若。(3) be beneath ones dignity 有失身份。Some husbands still think it beneath their dignityto do the shopping. 有

19、些丈夫到現(xiàn)在仍舊認(rèn)為讓他們?nèi)ベI東西是件有失面子的事。(4) stand on ones dignity 保持尊嚴(yán)；自命不凡 She doesnt stand on her dignity and treatthe rest of us as servants. 她沒有擺架子把我們當(dāng)仆人看待。聯(lián)系：dignity v. 使顯得尊貴；給增光 dignified adj. 高雅的，高貴的 dignitary n.顯要人物，權(quán)貴22. For a long time, mental disability was considered shameful and the mentally disabled

20、received little treat- ment or encouragement. 而社會(huì)往往又不能給殘疾人以尊嚴(yán)和尊敬。(p. 55 Integrating skills 第二段第 4 行) consider(1) 考慮 consider + n. I sat down by the fire to consider my position. 我坐在火堆旁考慮我的處境。 Thats what we have to consider now. 那是我們現(xiàn)在所要考慮的問題。注意：consider 不接不定式作賓語但可接特殊疑問詞加不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)。 You have to considerw

21、hat to do next. 你必須考慮下一步干什么。 Have you considered how to get there? 你考慮好如何到那兒了嗎?注意：跟動(dòng)名詞，不跟動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。 I considered going to see him myself. 我想親自去看他。跟介詞或不加任何成分 You must consider well over the matter. 在這件事上，你必須考慮周全。 Let me consider. 讓我想想。(2) 認(rèn)為，以為* 跟從句 We consider that you are not to blame. 我們認(rèn)為你不應(yīng)受責(zé)備。*

22、跟名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) I dont consider him a good friend. 我不認(rèn)為他是我的好友。 Weconsider Chairman Mao a great man. 我們認(rèn)為毛主席是偉人。* 跟形容詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) They considered themselves superior to others. 他們自以為自己比別人優(yōu)秀。I con- sider what he said unimportant. 我認(rèn)為他說的不重要。* 跟不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(主要接 to be 的形式，也可用其他形式) You surely cant considerhim to be a self

23、ish man. 你當(dāng)然不認(rèn)為他是個(gè)自私的人。 I consider him to have acteddisgracefully. 我認(rèn)為他表演得并不優(yōu)雅。聯(lián)想：considerable adj. 相當(dāng)多的，相當(dāng)大的considerate adj. 體貼的、體諒的、考慮周到的consideration 考慮；體貼、關(guān)心；要考慮的事 shameful辨析：ashamed 與 shamefulashamed 指人(感到)慚愧的，羞恥的；shameful 指(行為等)可恥的，不道德的。例如: He is ashamed of his shameful conduct. 他為自己可恥的行為感到羞愧。

24、聯(lián)想：shame n. 羞恥、羞愧；可恥的人(或物)；vt. 使受羞辱，使丟臉ashamed adj. (感到)害臊的，羞恥的shameless adj. 無恥的，不要臉的shamefully adv. 可恥地 shamefulness n. 恥辱拓展：put sb. / sth. to shame 使蒙羞，使沒面子; shame sb. into / out of doing sth.使某人感到羞愧而做不做某事; be ashamed to do sth. 因羞愧而勉強(qiáng)做某事; 以做某事為恥辱;be ashamed of 對(duì)感到羞愧; be ashamed that 對(duì)感到羞愧23. By

25、preparing for and participating in the Special Olympics, 通過籌備和參加特奧會(huì) (p. 55 Integrating skills 第三段第 1 行)* 動(dòng)詞 participate 的用法 participate 意為“參加”“參與”，與介詞 in 連用相當(dāng)于 take part in。如： Everyonein the class is expected to participate in the discussion. 希望班上每個(gè)人都參加到討論中來。 He refused to participate in the sports

26、meet.他拒絕參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。 Terry cant participate in the match because he has hurt his foot.特里不能參加比賽，因?yàn)樗四_。 participate 可作“分享”“分擔(dān)”解，而 take part in 無此解。如：participate in onessuffering 分擔(dān)某人的痛苦 participate in the profits 分享利潤24. One thousand participants from Canada and the United States competed in three events.

27、來自加拿大和美國的一千多名參加者在三項(xiàng)比賽中進(jìn)行了角逐。(p. 55 Integrating skills 第三段 第 6 7 行)* 動(dòng)詞 compete 的用法 compete 意思是“競爭”“比賽”“爭奪”，表示與誰競爭、比賽，介詞用 with 或 against；表示競爭的目的，即想要得到什么，用介詞 for，即 compete with / against sb. for sth.。如： He competed with a man from California for the post. 他與一個(gè)從加里福尼亞來的人爭奪這個(gè)職位。 Fifty students competed w

28、ith one another for the scholarship. 五十名學(xué)生相互競爭以取得這項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。 The young golfer often competes against famous players, butso far he has always been beaten. 那個(gè)年輕高爾夫球手常與名手較量，但到目前為止還沒有贏過。 The banks have long competed with each other.銀行間早就開始了競爭。 The American economy and its ability to compete abroad is slowing

29、down.美國經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩，對(duì)外競爭力下降。 The firm is too small to compete with largeinternational companies. 這家公司太小了，競爭不過國際性大公司。 Both girls are alwayscompeting for their fathers attention. 兩個(gè)姑娘總是競相爭取父親的注意。25. Interest in the Special Olympics has spread across the world and cities are nowcompeting for the honour to ho

30、st the event. 如今一些城市都在爭取特奧會(huì)的舉辦權(quán)，并以此為榮。(p.55 Reading 最后一段 倒數(shù)第 5 3 行)honour(1) n.榮譽(yù)、光榮；(高尚)人格；尊敬(多作不可數(shù)名詞) They fight for the honour of thecountry. 他們?yōu)閲覙s譽(yù)而戰(zhàn)。 He is a man of honour. 他是一個(gè)人格高尚的人。 We mustshow honour to our parents. 我們應(yīng)尊敬父母。注意：也可用作可數(shù)名詞，使人感到榮幸的人或事(多用單數(shù))；代表榮譽(yù)的東西(獎(jiǎng)品、獎(jiǎng)?wù)碌?(多用復(fù)數(shù))。 Its an honour

31、to meet you. 很榮幸見到你。 He graduated with honours.他以優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè)。(2) vt. 尊敬，使感到榮幸 Chaplin was honoured for his contribution to the filmindustry. 卓別林因其對(duì)電影業(yè)的貢獻(xiàn)而受到尊敬。 The president honoured him with hispresence.總統(tǒng)的到場使他感到無比榮幸。 Will you honour me with a visit? 可否請(qǐng)你光臨?短語：in honour of 為了紀(jì)念; with honours 以優(yōu)異成績; have the honour of 有幸, 榮幸地; show honour to sb. 尊敬某人26. Chinese athletes, their friends, parents and the audience will be proud to welcomeSpecial Olympians to China. 中國運(yùn)動(dòng)員和他們的朋友，父母以及運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的觀眾都將以驕傲的姿