《中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)》07 首字母填空2020年中考英語(yǔ)考前抓大題 原卷板 (2)

1、07 首字母填空 2020年中考英語(yǔ)考前抓大題序號(hào)內(nèi)容1一個(gè)貧困的非洲村落，村民們克服困難為孩子們建了一所簡(jiǎn)陋的學(xué)校。條件雖差，孩子們卻很快樂(lè)。2通過(guò)一次藝術(shù)家作品參展，明白無(wú)論你多么優(yōu)秀，不要過(guò)高地贊揚(yáng)你自己。3三手煙的危害4這篇短文主要講述了在西方國(guó)家人們都不喜歡數(shù)字13，文中講述了一個(gè)有趣的故事。5阿爾伯克基國(guó)際氣球節(jié)，成年人和孩子們?cè)诠?jié)日上玩得都很開(kāi)心。（一）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫(xiě)所缺單詞，使短文意思完整每空限填一詞。the villagers in mhangeni， africa faced a very big challenge（挑戰(zhàn)）they didn't h

2、ave a school for their kidsthen the village elder thought of an （1）idea he said that there was an old， abandoned （廢棄的）farmhouse it could be changed into classrooms after cleaning and furnishing（裝設(shè)備）it all the villagers were （2）pleasedwith his suggestion and started the project immediately the parent

3、s repaired the broken walls some villagers （3）dividedthe house into three classrooms by using pieces of wood the others helped make desks and chairs for the students still， there was much more work to do but the rains were coming they had to （4）stopworking for the school as it was now the best time

4、for them to plantso the children of mhangeni decided to finish the house by （5）themselvesthey had to hurry as summer had ended and other schools had already openedthey didn't want to delay（耽擱） their studies every day they were busy with cutting the grass and clearing the bushes（灌木）the news about

5、 the project （6）spreadand many people knew it two teachers who worked for the country's department of education arrived to help out and two foreign visitors were also touched （感動(dòng)） by the children's （7）actionsthey donated money for them to buy textbooks and stationeryafter 10 days of hard wor

6、k， the new school was （8）readythe kids were very happy but a bit worriedthey were behind in their studiesbesides（除之外）this， they also faced many （9）difficultiesthere were not enough classrooms to hold all the students and two or three students had to share one bookhowever， the children are happy to s

7、tudy in school（10）especiallyin their new school which they helped to build though their school might not be modern， their dream of having a school near their homes has come true【答案與解析】【文章大意】非洲mhangeni的村民面臨一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題他們村子沒(méi)有學(xué)校，他們一起努力給孩子們建了一所學(xué)校，雖然學(xué)校很簡(jiǎn)陋，但是孩子們還是很開(kāi)心能在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)1idea 【解析】考查名詞；分析語(yǔ)境，此處表示：村子里的老者想出來(lái)一個(gè)主意

8、i開(kāi)頭的單詞，idea意見(jiàn)，想法符合語(yǔ)境故答案為：idea2pleased 【解析】考查形容詞；分析語(yǔ)境，此處表示：所有的村民對(duì)他的建議很滿(mǎn)意，并開(kāi)始開(kāi)始了這個(gè)工廠(chǎng)p開(kāi)頭的單詞，pleased滿(mǎn)意的，be pleased with對(duì)滿(mǎn)意符合語(yǔ)境故答案為：pleased3 divided 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞；分析語(yǔ)境，此處表示：有一些村民用一些木板把房子分成幾個(gè)教室d開(kāi)頭的單詞，divide分開(kāi)，divideinto把分成符合語(yǔ)境根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，需要使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，divide的過(guò)去式為divided故答案為：divided4stop 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞；分析語(yǔ)境，此處表示：他們不得不停止工作，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在對(duì)

9、他們來(lái)說(shuō)，是最好的種植的時(shí)間s開(kāi)頭，stop停止，stop doing停止做符合語(yǔ)境had to后面接動(dòng)詞原形故答案為：stop5themselves 【解析】考查反身代詞；分析語(yǔ)境，此處表示：所以，mhangeni的孩子們決定自己完成這個(gè)房子，themselves他們自己，符合語(yǔ)境故答案為：themselves6spread 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞；此處意思為：關(guān)于這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的消息傳播出去，很多人都知道它了s開(kāi)頭，spread傳播，符合語(yǔ)境根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，此處需要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，spread的過(guò)去式是spread故答案為：spread7actions 【解析】考查名詞；分析語(yǔ)境，此處表示：而且，兩個(gè)外國(guó)游客

10、也被孩子們的行動(dòng)感動(dòng)了a開(kāi)頭的詞，action行動(dòng)，可數(shù)名詞，此處表示孩子們的行動(dòng)，用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式故答案為：actions8ready 【解析】考查形容詞；分析語(yǔ)境，此處表示：經(jīng)過(guò)10天的努力工作后，新學(xué)校已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了r開(kāi)頭的詞，ready準(zhǔn)備好的符合語(yǔ)境故答案為：ready9difficulties 【解析】考查名詞；分析語(yǔ)境，此處表示：除此之外，他們還面臨了很多困難d開(kāi)頭，difficulty困難，可數(shù)名詞，前面有many，此處需要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式difficulty的復(fù)數(shù)形式是difficulties故答案為：difficulties10especially 【解析】考查副詞；分析語(yǔ)

11、境，此處表示：然而，孩子們很開(kāi)心在學(xué)校里學(xué)習(xí)尤其是在他們幫助建的新學(xué)校里e開(kāi)頭的詞，especially尤其符合語(yǔ)境故答案為：especially【點(diǎn)評(píng)】此類(lèi)題目，需要分析語(yǔ)境，并且需要熟記單詞，再結(jié)合語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，便可得出正確答案（二）閱讀下面短文，在空白處寫(xiě)出各單詞的正確形式，單詞的第一個(gè)字母已給出。it was at an exhibition of the artists works organized by the red cross. i was invited as a special g_1_to attend the exhibition. during this period,

12、 two cute girls of 16 or 17 years old came to me and asked me for my signature(簽名).“i havent brought my pen. is the p_2_okay?” actually, i knew they wouldnt r_3_. i just wanted to show a well-known writers good manners to the c_4_readers. “certainly,” the young girls readily a_5_. i could see they w

13、ere very excited. of course, their excitement also made me feel more pleased and satisfied. one of the girls h_6_her fine notebook to me. i turned over the cover of the notebook, wrote a few words of encouragement n_7_and signed my name. the girl read my signature, frowned (皺眉), looked at me careful

14、ly and asked, “arent you robert char?”“no,” i told her proudly, “im the author of alice adams, the w_8_of two pulitzer prizes.”the young girl turned to the o_9_,shrugged (聳肩) and said, “mary, lend your rubber to me.” at that moment, all my p_10_turned into a bubble (泡泡) immediately. since then, i al

15、ways warn myself: no matter how outstanding you are, dont think highly of yourself.【答案與解析】【文章大意】本篇文章難度適中，主要講述我應(yīng)邀參加紅十字會(huì)舉辦的藝術(shù)家作品展，之前我非常的自豪和驕傲。兩個(gè)小女孩找我要簽名，我給其中一個(gè)女孩簽完名后，女孩非常吃驚，我不是羅伯特查爾，我在那里自夸自己獲得兩次普利策獎(jiǎng)。然而這個(gè)小女孩向另一個(gè)小女孩借了橡皮擦掉了我的簽名。自此，作者經(jīng)常警示自己：無(wú)論你多么優(yōu)秀，不要過(guò)高地贊揚(yáng)你自己。1. guest 句意“我作為一個(gè)特邀嘉賓參加了這個(gè)展覽”。根據(jù)句意可知，表示“特邀嘉賓”。

16、guest客人，且根據(jù)空前a可知，用單數(shù)，故填guest。2. pencil 句意“我沒(méi)帶鋼筆，鉛筆可以嗎？”。根據(jù)mary, lend your rubber to me可知，一個(gè)女孩向另一個(gè)女孩借橡皮擦我的簽名，所以空處表示“鉛筆”。pencil鉛筆，且根據(jù)is可知，用單數(shù)，故填pencil。3. refuse 句意“事實(shí)上，我知道他們不會(huì)拒絕”。根據(jù)i just wanted to show a well-known writers good manners to the c_4_readers可知，我認(rèn)為她們不會(huì)拒絕，我只想向普通的讀者展示一個(gè)著名的作家的好的行為。refuse拒絕，且

17、根據(jù)空前wouldnt可知，用動(dòng)詞原形，故填refuse。4. common 句意“我僅僅想向普通的讀者展示一個(gè)著名的作家的好的行為”。根據(jù)首字母可知，表示“普通的讀者”。common普通的，故填common。5. agreed 句意“當(dāng)然”，這個(gè)小女孩很樂(lè)意地同意了”。根據(jù)文意可知，我沒(méi)有帶鋼筆，所以問(wèn)他們鉛筆可不可以，他們同意用鉛筆。agree同意，且根據(jù)全文可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填agreed。6. handed 句意“其中的一個(gè)小女孩將她精美的筆記本遞給我”。根據(jù)文意可知，小女孩找我要簽名，所以他們將本子遞給我。hand遞，且根據(jù)全文可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填handed。7. natu

18、rally 句意“我翻開(kāi)筆記本的封面，自然而然地寫(xiě)了幾個(gè)鼓勵(lì)的詞并且簽了我的名字”。根據(jù)句意可知，表示很自然地寫(xiě)下幾個(gè)鼓勵(lì)的單詞，且空處修飾動(dòng)詞wrote，用副詞，故填naturally。8. winner 句意“我是寂寞芳心的作者，兩次普利策獎(jiǎng)的獲得者”。根據(jù)i told her proudly可知，表示我很自豪地告訴他們我是兩次普利策獎(jiǎng)的獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。winner贏家，獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?，都是指“我”，用單?shù)，故填winner。9. other 句意“這個(gè)年輕的女孩轉(zhuǎn)向另一個(gè)女孩，聳聳肩說(shuō)：把你的橡皮借給我”。根據(jù)during this period, two cute girls of 16 or 17

19、years old came to me and asked me for my signature可知，是兩個(gè)女孩，所以表示“兩者中另一個(gè)”，用the other，故填other。10. pride 句意“在那個(gè)時(shí)候，所有我的自豪立刻都變成了泡沫”。根據(jù)i just wanted to show a well-known writers good manners to the c_4_readers以及“no,” i told her proudly可知，之前我很自豪，所以我的自豪變成了泡沫。根據(jù)空前my可知，空處用名詞。pride自豪，故填pride。（三）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，補(bǔ)全空

20、格內(nèi)單詞，使短文完整、通順。 everyone knows that second-hand smoke is as dangerous as first-hand smoke. but have you h_71_ of "third-hand" smoke?third-hand smoke means the pollution left on the surfaces (表面) of things around, l_72_ furniture or clothes. when someone smokes in a room, poisonous particles

21、(粒子) in tobacco (煙草) smoke land on the surfaces of the furniture or his clothes, even after the cigarette (香煙) has been put out. this can cause a great danger to your family, e_73_younger children. babies have only just learned to walk. they are more likely to be harmed by third-hand smoke. this is

22、b_74_ they are often close to surfaces of things. such as floors, walls and furniture where tobacco particles remain. when they t_75_ these surfaces, they get their hands polluted.so, it is necessary and important to say n_76_ to third-hand smoke. to achieve this, strict r_77_ for forbidding (禁止) sm

23、oking inside homes should be carved out. if one of your family members smokes, please make sure he smokes o_78_ the house. get him a special jacket and hat, so once he f_79_ smoking, he will take them off before getting inside the house. moreover, make sure that a smoker washes his hands and face, a

24、nd changes his clothes before picking up the baby.many times, you cannot see the smoke doing harm to your child, but it doesn't mean he or she is s_80_". give up smoking, or if that is not possible, make sure that your loved ones, far away from third-hand smoke.【答案與解析】【文章大意】本文介紹了“三手”煙的危害?！叭?/p>

25、手”煙是指：附著在家具或衣服等周?chē)矬w表面上的煙草顆粒。這會(huì)對(duì)家庭，尤其是年幼的孩子造成很大的危險(xiǎn)。因?yàn)閶雰簞倢W(xué)會(huì)走路，當(dāng)他們接觸這些表面時(shí)，他們的手會(huì)受到污染。因此對(duì)第三手煙說(shuō)“不”是必要和重要的。應(yīng)該制定嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定禁止在家里吸煙。71. heard 句意：但是你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)“三手”煙嗎？由語(yǔ)境和首字母提示可知，填：hear；hear of：聽(tīng)說(shuō)。分析句子but have you h_71_ of "third-hand" smoke?的結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本題為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：助動(dòng)詞has/have+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。故答案為：heard。72. like 句意：第“三

26、手”煙是指家具或衣服等周?chē)矬w表面上的污染物。由語(yǔ)境和首字母提示可知，填：like；like在這里用來(lái)表示舉例，所以答案為：like。73. especially 句意：這會(huì)對(duì)你的家庭，尤其是年幼的孩子造成很大的危險(xiǎn)。由語(yǔ)境和首字母提示可知，填：especially；especially是個(gè)副詞，表示陳述某一事實(shí)之后，列舉一個(gè)具有代表性的例子，作進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)，其后可接名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、從句等。本題就是這種用法，用especially來(lái)列舉一個(gè)具有代表性的例子（younger children），來(lái)進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)“三手”煙的危害。故答案為：especially。74. because 句意：這是因?yàn)樗鼈?/p>

27、經(jīng)常接近如地板、墻壁和家具上殘留著煙草顆粒的物體的表面。由語(yǔ)境和首字母提示可知，填：because；根據(jù)babies have only just learned to walk. they are more likely to be harmed by third-hand smoke. 嬰兒剛學(xué)會(huì)走路。他們更有可能受到第三手煙的傷害?？芍?，因?yàn)閶雰簞倢W(xué)會(huì)走路，所以他們會(huì)扶著這些物體，因此接觸的機(jī)會(huì)就多，因此會(huì)受到危害。這里解釋了嬰兒受到危害的原因，故答案為：because。75. touch 句意：當(dāng)他們接觸這些表面時(shí)，他們的手會(huì)受到污染。由語(yǔ)境和首字母提示可知，填：touch；主句the

28、y get their hands polluted. 他們的手會(huì)受到污染?？芍绢}的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此再由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)they是復(fù)數(shù)，因此謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞原形。故答案為：touch。76. no 句意：所以，對(duì)第三手煙說(shuō)“不”是必要和重要的。由語(yǔ)境和首字母提示可知，填：no；say no to：對(duì)說(shuō)“不”；這里是指拒絕三手煙。故答案為：no。77. rules 句意：為此，應(yīng)制定嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定禁止在家里吸煙。由語(yǔ)境和首字母提示可知，填：rule；根據(jù)forbidding (禁止) smoking inside homes禁止在家里吸煙，中的homes是復(fù)數(shù)，因

29、此前面的名詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故答案為：rules。78. outside 句意：如果你的一個(gè)家庭成員有吸煙的，請(qǐng)確保他在屋外吸煙。由語(yǔ)境和首字母提示可知，填：outside；根據(jù)to achieve this, strict r_77_ for forbidding (禁止) smoking inside homes should be carved out. 應(yīng)制定嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定禁止在家里吸煙?？芍绻愕囊粋€(gè)家庭成員有吸煙的，應(yīng)該是讓他在屋外吸煙。故答案為：outside。79. finished 句意：給他買(mǎi)一件特別的夾克和帽子，等他抽完煙，他就在進(jìn)屋前把它們脫掉。由語(yǔ)境和首字母提示可知，

30、填：finish；根據(jù)he will take them off before getting inside the house. 他就在進(jìn)屋前把它們脫掉?？芍M(jìn)屋前，煙已經(jīng)吸完了，因此動(dòng)作是發(fā)生在過(guò)去。故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以答案為：finished。80. safe 句意：很多時(shí)候，你看不到煙對(duì)你的孩子有害，但這并不意味著他或她是安全的。由語(yǔ)境和首字母提示可知，填：safe；根據(jù)but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說(shuō)明：盡管看不到煙對(duì)孩子的危害，但這并不意味著他或她是安全的。因此才有了下文的give up smoking, or if that is not possible, make sure that y

31、our loved ones, far away from third-hand smoke. 戒煙，或者如果不可能的話(huà)，確保你所愛(ài)的人遠(yuǎn)離三手煙。所以答案為：safe?！军c(diǎn)睛】英語(yǔ)首字母填空技巧1. 通讀短文知大意，看整體全面了解來(lái)源：與閱讀理解題和其它類(lèi)型的完形填空一樣，首先要通讀短文，了解文章的大意。每篇短文段落之間必然承上啟下、前呼后應(yīng)。因此通讀全文時(shí)要一氣呵成，只要能了解短文的大意即可，細(xì)節(jié)不理解可以跳過(guò)。因此，在解題之前通讀一遍短文，目的是對(duì)文章有個(gè)全面的了解，弄清其中心思想和大意。2. 復(fù)讀短文抓信息，前后照應(yīng)巧猜詞在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通讀短文，目的是對(duì)短文有更進(jìn)一步的了

32、解。在閱讀時(shí)要特別注意一篇文章的開(kāi)頭（一般不設(shè)空）和結(jié)尾，它們能提供主要的信息，幫助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。在閱讀過(guò)程中，要注意上、下文的關(guān)系，這對(duì)于把握文章的整體意義大有用處。另外，要學(xué)會(huì)跳讀，即對(duì)不理解的地方采用暫時(shí)回避的方式，待真正理解全文之后再找解決的方法。有些短文填空題，有時(shí)出現(xiàn)約 3%5% 的生詞是很正常的，這就要求學(xué)生根據(jù)構(gòu)詞知識(shí)或上、下文的意思加以猜測(cè)，來(lái)確定它的詞義。3. 反復(fù)推敲多分析，慎重答題講合理再次通讀短文，對(duì)留空的句子進(jìn)行全面的分析，看它在全文中所處的位置、作用和意義。這一遍閱讀要求是精心閱讀，要留心找出關(guān)鍵詞、短語(yǔ)或句子，還要結(jié)合所給首字母的提示，進(jìn)

33、行填寫(xiě)，并注意單詞的正確形式。例如：第3小題，句意：這會(huì)對(duì)你的家庭，尤其是年幼的孩子造成很大的危險(xiǎn)。由語(yǔ)境和首字母提示可知，填：especially；especially是個(gè)副詞，表示陳述某一事實(shí)之后，列舉一個(gè)具有代表性的例子，作進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)，其后可接名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、從句等。本題就是這種用法，用especially來(lái)列舉一個(gè)具有代表性的例子（younger children），來(lái)進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)“三手”煙的危害。故答案為：especially。4. 認(rèn)真復(fù)查全文，把握整體和詞形來(lái)源：做完以后，再認(rèn)真讀一遍，檢查所填寫(xiě)的單詞是否與文章要求相符，文章是否通順，前后是否呼應(yīng)，有無(wú)句型結(jié)構(gòu)及語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。（四）根

34、據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和首字母提示，把文中所缺詞語(yǔ)補(bǔ)充出來(lái)，使短文完整正確（每空限填一詞），并將該單詞的完整形式寫(xiě)在答題卡相應(yīng)編號(hào)后的橫線(xiàn)上。in some western countries, some people don't like the number 13 because they think 13 is an unlucky number. for example, they don't like to live on the thirteenth floor. one evening, mr. smith asked some friends to get t _56_ .

35、 when all of his friends arrived, he asked them to sit at the table for d_57_. he began to c_58_ the people. suddenly, he cried out, "oh, there are thirteen people here!" everyone's face looked pale e _59_ mr. brown. he said with a smile, "don't won't, my friends. my wife

36、will have a baby in a few weeks. so we have f _60_ people here." all of the friends became happy again. "congratulations!" they said to mr. brown. they all had a good time that evening.【答案與解析】【文章大意】這篇短文主要講述了在西方國(guó)家人們都不喜歡數(shù)字13，文中講述了一個(gè)有趣的故事。56. together 句意：一天晚上，史密斯先生讓幾個(gè)朋友聚在一起。根據(jù)文中mr. smith

37、 asked some friends to可知這里是聚在一起。短語(yǔ)get together表示聚在一起。根據(jù)句意，故填together。57. dinner 句意：當(dāng)他所有的朋友都到了，他請(qǐng)他們坐在桌旁吃飯。根據(jù)one evening, 和he asked them to sit at the table可知下文是他請(qǐng)他們坐在桌旁吃飯。dinner晚飯。根據(jù)句意，故填dinner。58. count 句意：他開(kāi)始數(shù)人數(shù)。根據(jù)下文he cried out, "oh, there are thirteen people here!"可知上文是說(shuō)說(shuō)數(shù)數(shù)字。count的意思是“數(shù)

38、數(shù)”根據(jù)句意，故填count。59. except 句意：除了布朗先生，每個(gè)人的臉都顯得蒼白。except的意思是“除了”根據(jù)下文he said with a smile, "don't wont', my friends. my wife will have a baby in a few weeks. so we have f _60_ people here."可知這里是除了mr. brown。根據(jù)題意，故填except。60. fourteen 句意：所以我們這里有14個(gè)人。根據(jù)上文don't wont', my friends. my wife will have a baby in a few weeks.可知這里是說(shuō)14個(gè)人。根據(jù)句意，故填fourteen。（五）根據(jù)短文意思和首字母提示，寫(xiě)出一個(gè)完整正確的單詞。every year in early october, albuquerque international balloon festiv