北京市西城區(qū)2020年高三英語一模考試試卷【暫無答案】Word

1、北京市西城區(qū)2020年高三英語一?？荚囋嚲怼緯簾o答案】word西 城 區(qū) 高 三 統(tǒng) 一 測(cè) 試英 語本試卷共 11 頁，120 分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng) 100 分鐘。考生務(wù)必將答案寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45 分）第一節(jié) 語法填空（共 10 小題；每小題 分，共 15 分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫 1 個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~， 在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。athe international day of families, which was started by the unit

2、ed nations in 1993, 1(hold) on may 15 every year. the day celebrates the 2(important) of families. it aims to deepen peoples understanding of issues 3are related to families. with a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and i

3、nternational 4(level).bfor thousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. in china during the shang dynasty, people 5 (record) weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. centuries later, 6 greece, the philosopher, aristotle wrote his theories about how weather condit

4、ions formed. weather forecasting advanced over time, with more and more instruments used to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more 7 (precise).clast year, china started testing 5g mobile networks in sever

5、al cities. the hongkou district of shanghai was the first to operate a 5g network. to test the network, wu qing, vice mayor of shanghai, made a phone call 8 (use) a huawei matex, huaweis first 5g smartphone. according to the telegraph, “5g is the innovation that 9 (shape) all our lives for years to

6、come.” it is 10 (fast) and more stable than 4g, the previous generation of cellular ( 蜂窩狀的) network technology.第二節(jié) 完形填空（共 20 小題；每小題 分，共 30 分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的 a、b、c、d 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)， 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。12it was late, about 10:15 ., when janice esposito arrived at the bellport train station; she jumped into

7、 her honda odyssey and began the 20-minute drive home to her husband and seven-year-old son. shed just returned from visiting her mother and had traveled the route many times before. she practically 11 on autopilot: a left onto station road, then a left on montauk highway, and thenwham! out of nowhe

8、re a car t-boned espositos minivan, 12 her to move backward some 100 feet onto the railroad tracks. she 13 in the minivan, bruised ( 撞 傷 ) but mostly just knocked out by the 14 and the airbags.as it happened, pete dipinto was getting ready for 15 . hed just closed his book and was getting under the

9、covers when he heard the sound of metal on metal and breaking glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window. a volunteer 16 and retired teacher, dipinto, 64, never 17 to think. he grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas (睡衣), ran out the door. “any firefighter would have done w

10、hat i did,” he told newsday. “were always on 18 .”the first car he came upon, 2,000 feet from his front yard, was the one that had 19esposito. once dipinto concluded the driver was ok, he looked around and 20espositos minivan positioned on the the railroad tracks. and then he heard a terrible sound:

11、 the bells signaling an oncoming 21.“the gates were starting to come down,” he told newsday. “i see the headlight of the train.” dipinto ran quickly to espositos minivan and knocked on the drivers side window. she 22 looked at him, her eyes unfocused. “i dont know where i am,” she said. she seemed u

12、nhurt. “honey, youre on the railroad 23 ,” dipinto shouted. “we have to get you off right now!” he pulled hard on the 24 , but the door was crashed in and 25 . the heavy diesel train, traveling at 65 miles per hour, was moving fast toward them. dipinto ran to the passenger side and threw open the 26

13、 . “please, dont let her be 27 ,” he thought. he pushed aside the deflating ( 癟 了 的 ) airbags, grabbed espositos arms, and 28 her toward him across the passenger seat until he could help her out and quickly get her to 29 behind a signal box a few feet away. within six seconds, he estimated, the trai

14、n crashed into the minivan. “it was like a hollywood movie,” dipinto told reporters the next day.but this one had a twist. “l(fā)ast night,” south country ambulance chief greg miglino toldcbs new york, “the 30 arrived in pajamas, not in a fire truck.”11. a. droveb. walkedc. roded. hiked12. a. allowingb.

15、 forcingc. orderingd. reminding13. a. satb. stoodc. hidd. waited14. a. actionb. noisec. impactd. bomb15. a. classb. workc. dinnerd. bed16. a. doctorb. driverc. firefighterd. engineer17 a. stoppedb. troubledc. intendedd. wanted18. a. dutyb. timec. targetd. schedule19. a. warnedb. caughtc. hitd. follo

16、wed20. a. observedb. spottedc. realizedd. predicted21. a. trainb. truckc. card. ambulance22. a. yetb. justc. stilld. even23. a. yardsb. stationsc. bridgesd. tracks24. a. beltb. keyc. belld. handle25. a. unlockedb. jammedc. opend. gone26. a. bagb. doorc. bookd. box27. a. scaredb. ignoredc. trappedd.

17、defeated28. a. carriedb. rushedc. guidedd. pulled29. a. returnb. workc. safetyd. life30. a. policeb. actorc. reporterd. hero第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40 分）第一節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，共 30 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 a、b、c、d 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。awhat it doesthe self-cleaning door handle is combining with advanced photocatalyti

18、c ( 光 催 化 ) and blacklight technology. a light source activates the doors handle coating, telling it to start cleaning. it can minimize the risk of infection by contact and improve the cleanliness of a space. how it worksthe working principle of the product is that a thin advanced photocatalytic coa

19、ting can effectively decompose bacteria ( 細(xì) 菌 ) on the surface of a substance. a consistent uv light sourceinside a transparent glass door handleis required to activate the doors handle coatingon the outer surface for disinfection, so a generator is used to provide electricity to light up a uv led l

20、amp by the motion of an opening and closing door. then, the door handle can clean by itself.design processwe made the first version by using stainless steel. however, it caused the door handle to be heavier. then, we tried aluminum, which made it light and easy to fix. we also improved the generator

21、 output which effectively turned energy from door movement into a light source.how it is differentour innovative design is simple, effective, and attractive. it has an elegant smooth shape, and its minimalist appearance stands out in todays world of inventions. nowadays, people use chemical cleaning

22、 materials to clean up public areas but it harms the human body. our design can be used for a long time and is effective. it can self-clean after each use. in the door lock and door handle market, it is a unique design because there are no similar products.future plansin the future, we will commerci

23、alize the product and hope that it can compete on the market with similar products. we are going to connect with public properties, for example, shopping malls, hotels, hospitals and public restrooms, where the risk of spreading infection is higher.awardsin addition to winning the james dyson award,

24、 it has also received the gold award, and in 2016, it was featured in the 44th international geneva inventions exhibition.31. how does the self-cleaning door handle function?a. it controls the door movement automatically.b. it minimizes the risk of infection by less contact.c. chemical cleaning mate

25、rials are used to clean it up.d. the light source tells the door handle coating to clean itself.32. compared with the first version of the product, the present one is .a. safer and cheaperb. cleaner and easierc. less heavy and more effectived. more attractive and expensive33. what do we know about t

26、he new invention according to the passage?a. it has been widely used in public areas.b. it has received recognition for its innovation.c. it is quite competitive among similar products.d. it will replace traditional chemical cleaning materials.bthis little south american magellanic penguin swims 5,0

27、00 miles, to a beach in brazil, every year in order to be reunited with the man who saved its life. it sounds like something out of a fairy tale, but its true!71-year-old retired brick worker joao, who lives in anisland village just outside rio de janeiro, brazil, found the small magellanic penguin

28、lying on rocks at his local beach in 2011. the penguin was covered in oil and running out of time fast. joao rescued the penguin, naming it din, cleaned the oil off its feathers and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild its strength. after a week of recovery, joao attempted to release the penguin

29、back into the wild. however, din had already formed a family bond with his rescuer and wouldnt leave.“he stayed with me for 11 months and then, just after he changed his coat with new feathers, he disappeared,” joao recalls. “i love the penguin like its my own child and i believe the penguin loves m

30、e,” joao told globo tv. “no one else is allowed to touch him. he pecks (啄) them if they do. he lies on my lap, lets me give him showers, and allows me to feed him.”professor krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman for globo tv, told the independent: “i have never seen anything like this

31、 before. i think the penguin believes joao is part of his family and probably a penguin as well.”however, environmentalists warn that, while hundreds of the magellanic species are known to naturally migrate (遷徙) thousands of miles north in search of food, there has been a worrying rise in the phenom

32、enon of oceanic creatures washing up on brazils beaches. professor david zee from rio de janeiros state university, said the increase is due in part to global climatic changes. professor zee added that sea animals face increased danger from leaked tanker oil.luckily the ending for joao and din has b

33、een a happy one, even though it is illegal in brazil to keep wild animals as pets.professor krajewski said: “professionals who work with animals try to avoid relationships like this occurring so they are able to reintroduce the animal into the wild. but in this single case the authorities allowed di

34、n to stay with joao because of his kindness.”34. every year din swims a long distance to a beach in brazil to .a. avoid being killedb. meet his rescuerc. escape from ocean currentsd. find much more fish35. when din was found in 2011, .a. he was dyingb. he was running on the beachc. he was resting on

35、 a rockd. he was cleaning oil off his feathers36. what can we learn about joao from the passage?a. he is not allowed to keep the penguin as a pet by the authorities.b. he overprotects the penguin by keeping him away from others.c. his contact with the penguin is encouraged by professionals.d. his ki

36、ndness wins the penguins trust.37. the story in the passage mainly shows .a. the environmental impact on wildlifeb. the love between humans and wildlifec. the tendency of wildlife to bond with humansd. the protection of threatened wildlife by mankindcstore owners have been inventing new tricks to ge

37、t consumers into their stores and purchasing their goods. even as we find new strategies to resist, neuroscientists (神經(jīng)科學(xué)家) are employed at marketing agencies across the country to best figure out what is going through a consumers brain at each point in the decision process.we consumers overspend du

38、e to the fact that we have a fear of missing the really good deal or having to pay more for the same thing and lose money. normally, the prefrontal cortex ( 前 額皮 層 ) controls our emotional reactions to things, and keeps us from acting unreasonably by calming down our fears. but an advertiser can dis

39、turb our prefrontal cortex just by displaying flashy deal signs, encouraging it to do math on how much money we might save now by buying more of something we dont actually need yet.nostalgia, that regretful affection for past events, is another strong influencer during the holiday season, and its sh

40、aped by emotion. emotionwhether good or badenhances the formation of memories, engaging more parts of the brain. so hearing a nephew singing a carol, for instance, might reawaken memories associated with that particular song in a much more powerful way than hearing that same nephew sing another song

41、. these kinds of memories are brought back even more easily by sensory input. this might be why we are often greeted by a sensory reminder everywhere we go in a month.wherever you purchase gifts, there are social influences on what you buy as well. the holidays are a time when we are especially cond

42、itioned to pay more for the label because were buying gifts. receiving a brand-name gift sends the message that “this person has spent more on me, so he or she must value me more.” and it makes sense. if two things seem pretty much thesame, how do i know which to choose humans have survived as a soc

43、ial species, and we have to rely on each other. so when our brains are trying to make decisions, one of the shortcuts is to assume that if a lot of other people prefer something (and higher cost is often a predictor of that), then there must be a reason.much of our holiday spending is driven by unpl

44、anned purchases. plan ahead, resist the urge to purchase in the moment, make notes for comparison shopping, and if the deal is actually good, then it will hold up to inspection and youll feel good about your purchases later. before you blow your budget this season, remember that your brain might be

45、fooling you into that next purchase.38. from paragraph 2, we learn that .a. the prefrontal cortex is the calculation centerb. the common consumers always act unreasonablyc. the sight of flashy deal signs may fill consumers with feard. the advertisers make consumers pay more for the same thing39. acc

46、ording to paragraph 3, which of the following can work on consumers?a. creating a festival atmosphere.b. following the current fashion.c. preparing more free samples.d. offering a bigger discount.40. why do we buy brand-name gifts during the holiday?a. they are more reliable.b. they are a sign of so

47、cial status.c. they make people feel valued.d. they are favored by most people.41. to avoid overspending, the author suggests we .a. buy in the momentb. reduce our budgetc. return unnecessary productsd. make a plan in advancedthe impossible burger is entirely free of meat. but it looks, smells, feel

48、s andmost importantlytastes so much like real hamburger beef. in fact, plant-based burger alternatives have set off a strong resistance from the beef industry. the center for consumer freedom, a nonprofit that advocates on behalf of the fast food and meat industries has launched an “informational” c

49、ampaign targeting plant-based meats. the campaign has included tv and online ads, as well as print ads in newspapers. the ads seem to imply that not only is an artificial burger too processed, but that it might be even less healthy than the average beef burger.while its true that a plant-based meat

50、alternative is processed and its true that eating one isnot as healthy as a pile of raw vegetables, its best to take the ads with a generous pinch of salt.for instance, the additives and preservatives in plant-based meat highlighted in one ad sure sound scary. who wants something called titanium dio

51、xide (二氧化鈦) in their meal but the truth is that additives such as those listed in the ads are regularly used in all sorts of packaged foods. and if methylcellulose, a food thickener, sounds unpleasant, its really nothing compared with salmonella (沙門菌) poisoning you can get from regular meat.also, th

52、e ad campaign misses the bigger point. choosing an impossible or beyond burgerisnt just about eating healthy. burgers, whether they are made from processed pea protein or processed meat, will never be as healthy as organic raw vegetables.whats appealing is the prospect of enjoying a juicy burger wit

53、hout the bitter aftertaste of guilt.lets face it, there are huge environmental costs to eating cows. cattle raising is contributing to climate change, and not just because methane ( 甲 烷 ) from cows and cattle is responsible for about % of greenhouse gas. more broadly, our global food production syst

54、em releases more than a third of the worlds greenhouse gases. yet we cant seem to control our meat appetite even knowing that large areas of the amazon forest have been ruined, and continue to be cut down to make room for more cattle to feed the growing demand for beef. humans also know full well th

55、at many animals live short, cruel lives in awful conditions for the purpose of becoming foods for humans to enjoy at dinner.a plant-based meat that satisfies meat desires and delivers protein but with a smaller climate footprint is a potential environmental game changer and the reason impossible foo

56、ds was one of those receiving the . global climate action award in 2019. no wonder the meat industry is on guard.42. what does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 most probably mean?a. these ads deserve little consideration.b. we should spread the message of these ads.c. wed better be cautious wh

57、en reading these ads.d. these ads tell people a lot about plant-based burgers.43. what do we know about additives and preservatives in plant-based burgers?a. they are likely to cause poisoning.b. their use is within the normal range.c. some have not been used in hamburgers.d. they are used to ensure burgers taste good.44. what is the authors attitude towards plant-based burgers?a. supportiv