試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)與數(shù)據(jù)處理(第二版)課后習(xí)題答案.(1)

1、試試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)設(shè)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)與與數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)處處理理課課后后習(xí)習(xí)題題答答案案第二章習(xí)題答案2.10.04150.03550.03360.03120.03020.02890.02770.0271re17500255002970037600424005090061800693002.2x1234 mx=1/x=20mmy88.28.38 my=1/y=5mm關(guān)系曲線0.10.01100001000000rex與y的關(guān)系圖4.543.532.521.510.507.87.988.18.28.38.4xyseries12.3發(fā)酵時(shí)間/d0123456ph值 5.45.865.95.85.75.6殘?zhí)橇?（g/l）24

2、.513.311.210.19.58.17.82.4樹脂型號 da-201nka-9ab-8d-4006d-101s-8nka-吸附量/(mg/g) 17.1417.771.8713.710.5513.333.67發(fā)酵時(shí)間與ph值及殘?zhí)橇康年P(guān)系圖98765432100510152025304.95.15.35.55.75.96.1發(fā)酵時(shí)間/dph值殘?zhí)橇縫h值da-201 nka-9ab-8d-4006 d-101s-8nka-05101520樹脂型號吸附量/(mg/g)x與y的關(guān)系圖4.543.532.521.510.507.87.988.18.28.38.4xyseries12.5植物油凝

3、固點(diǎn)/甲乙花生油2.93.5棉子油-6.3-6.2蓖麻油-0.10.5菜籽油5.352.6應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域 橡膠工業(yè) 合成表面活性劑潤滑油(脂) 肥皂及洗滌劑金屬皂其他比例/%181152321222.9-6.3-0.15.33.5-6.20.55兩個(gè)產(chǎn)地幾種植物油的凝固點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)圖花生油棉子油蓖麻油菜籽油-7-6-5-4-3-2-10123456植物油凝固點(diǎn)/甲例/%橡膠工業(yè)合成表面活性劑潤滑油(脂)肥皂及洗滌劑金屬皂其他3.1第三章習(xí)題答案3.1顏色銷售額/萬元橘黃色26.528.725.129.127.2粉色31.228.330.827.929.6綠色27.925.128.

4、524.226.5無色30.829.632.431.732.8方差分析：單因素方差分析summary組觀測數(shù)求和平均方差行 15136.627.322.672行 25147.829.562.143行 35132.226.443.298行 45157.331.461.658方差分析差異源ssdfmsfp-valuef crit組間76.84553 25.6151710.4862 0.000466 3.238872組內(nèi)39.084162.44275總計(jì)115.9295193.2乙炔流量空氣流量/（l/min）/（l/min）89101112181.181.580.380771.581.481.87

5、9.479.175.927576.175.475.470.82.560.467.968.769.868.7方差分析：無重復(fù)雙因素分例/%橡膠工業(yè)合成表面活性劑潤滑油(脂)肥皂及洗滌劑金屬皂其他summary觀測數(shù)求和平均方差行 15399.979.983.137行 25397.679.525.507行 35372.774.544.528行 45335.567.114.485列 14297.974.47596.7425列 24307.376.82542.2625列 34303.875.95 27.89667列 44304.376.07521.4625列 54292.47

6、3.115.9方差分析差異源ssdfmsfp-valuef crit行537.63753 179.2125 28.61486 9.44e-06 3.490295列35.47348.86825 1.415994 0.287422 3.259167誤差75.15512 6.262917總計(jì)648.2655193.3鋁材材質(zhì) 去離子水自來水12.35.611.85.321.55.321.54.831.87.432.37.4方差分析：可重復(fù)雙因素分析summary去離子水自來水總計(jì)1觀測數(shù)224求和4.110.915平均2.055.453.75方差0.1250.0453.912觀測數(shù)224求和310.

7、113.1平均1.55.053.275方差00.1254.24253觀測數(shù)224求和4.114.818.9平均2.057.44.725方差0.12509.5825總計(jì)觀測數(shù)66求和11.235.8平均1.866666667 5.966667方差0.130666667 1.298667方差分析差異源ssdfmsfp-valuef crit樣本4.3716666672 2.185833 31.22619 0.000673 5.143253列50.43150.43 720.4286 1.77e-07 5.987378交互2.35521.1775 16.82143 0.003467 5.143253內(nèi)

8、部0.4260.07總計(jì)57.57666667114.1c/%(x)t/（y)19.6105.420.510622.3107.225.1108.926.3109.627.8110.729.1111.5濃度與沸點(diǎn)溫度之間的關(guān)系32272217102104106108110112c/%t/series1ixyxi2yi2xiyi119.6105.4384.16 11109.162065.84220.5106420.25112362173322.3107.2497.29 11491.842390.56425.1108.9630.01 11859.212733.39526.3109.6691.69 1

9、2012.162882.48627.8110.7772.84 12254.493077.46729.1111.5846.81 12432.253244.65總和170.7759.34243.05 82395.11 18567.38平均24.38571108.4714286summary output回歸統(tǒng)計(jì)multiple r 0.999752712r square0.999505486adjusted r square0.999406583標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差0.056916528觀測值7方差分析dfssmsf significance f回歸分析1 32.73809 32.73809 10105.94

10、 1.85e-09殘差5 0.016197 0.003239總計(jì)6 32.75429coefficients 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差t statp-value lower 95%upper 95% 下限 95.0%intercept92.91137938 0.156271 594.5544 2.55e-13 92.50967 93.31309 92.50967x variable 1 0.638080517 0.006347 100.5283 1.85e-09 0.621764 0.654397 0.6217644.2t/kc/%lntlnc27320 2.4361631.30103summary outp

11、ut28325 2.4517861.3979429331 2.466868 1.491362回歸統(tǒng)計(jì)濃度與沸點(diǎn)溫度之間的關(guān)系32272217102104106108110112c/%t/series131334 2.495544 1.531479multiple r 0.98771533346 2.522444 1.662758r square0.9755835358 2.547775 1.763428adjusted r square0.969475標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差 0.029578觀測值6方差分析dfss回歸分析1 0.139805殘差4 0.003499總計(jì)5 0.143305coefficie

12、nts 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差intercept -8.14190.76478x variable 13.887206 0.307502summary output回歸統(tǒng)計(jì)multiple r 0.987714594r square0.97558012adjusted r square0.969475149標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差0.029578225觀測值6方差分析dfssmsf significance f回歸分析1 0.139805 0.139805159.801 0.000225殘差4 0.003499 0.000875總計(jì)5 0.143305coefficients 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差t statp-value lower

13、 95%upper 95% 下限 95.0%intercept -8.1418961590.76478 -10.6461 0.000441 -10.2653 -6.01853 -10.2653x variable 13.88720636 0.307502 12.64124 0.000225 3.033444 4.740969 3.0334440.0002913.8872064.3某物質(zhì)的溶解度與絕對溫度之間的關(guān)系100010010100t/kc/series1試驗(yàn)號煎煮時(shí)間/min(x1)煎煮次數(shù)(x2)加水量/倍(x3)含量/(mg/l)y13018152402113735037464601

14、10265702634680395779031257summary output回歸統(tǒng)計(jì)multiple r 0.992299718r square0.984658731adjusted r square0.969317462標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差2.742554455觀測值7方差分析dfssmsf significance f回歸分析3 1448.292 482.7641 64.18366 0.003211殘差3 22.56481 7.521605總計(jì)6 1470.857coefficients 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差t statp-value lower 95%upper 95% 下限 95.0%intercept

15、-12.61111111 5.352918 -2.35593 0.099767 -29.6465 4.424264 -29.6465x variable 10.175 0.066911 2.615396 0.079315 -0.03794 0.387942 -0.03794x variable 2 13.71296296 1.561268 8.783223 0.003109 8.744312 18.68161 8.744312x variable 3 1.287037037 0.5371472.39606 0.096215 -0.42241 2.996479 -0.422414.4試驗(yàn)號t/n

16、a2o(x1)/% sio2(x2)/% cao(x3)/%x1=x1x2=x1x2x3=x31102914729.11410089.12101114728.1141008811410087.1410061473.38.8141026.28.859931473.36.8141026.26.8610041473.38.1141026.28.179671473.37.1141026.27.189991473.36.1141026.26.199921474.37.8141040.27.81098014747.11410367.11198014746.11410366.112

17、98414747.11410367.11396515716.11510656.114100615719.11510659.11598815727.11510807.11698415729.11510809.11796715728.11510808.11898715727.11510807.11997915728.11510808.12098815726.11510806.12196815738.11510958.12294015737.11510957.12395615736.11510956.12495615738.11510958.12592515736.11510956.1summary

18、 output回歸統(tǒng)計(jì)multiple r 0.866175908r square0.750260704adjusted r square0.714583661標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差12.79120464觀測值25方差分析dfssmsf significance f回歸分析3 10322.09 3440.696 21.02923 1.57e-06殘差21 3435.913 163.6149總計(jì)2413758coefficients 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差t statp-value lower 95%upper 95% 下限 95.0%intercept1557.058911 96.99556 16.05289 2.89e

19、-13 1355.346 1758.772 1355.346x variable 1 38.64532374 15.36278 2.515516 0.020093 6.696666 70.59398 6.696666x variable 2-1.121266308 0.249355 -4.49666 0.000198 -1.63983-0.6027 -1.63983x variable 3 6.484236525 2.688135 2.4121690.02509 0.893954 12.07452 0.893954所以得到的線性回歸方程表達(dá)式為：y=1557.06+38.65x1-1.12x1

20、x2+6.48x3根據(jù)偏回歸系數(shù)的大小，可知三個(gè)因素的主次順序?yàn)椋簒1x3x2。5.1優(yōu)選過程：1、首先在試驗(yàn)范圍0.618處做第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，這一點(diǎn)的溫度為：x1=340+(420-340)0.618=389.44.2、在這點(diǎn)的對稱點(diǎn)，即0.382處做一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，這一點(diǎn)的溫度為：x1=420-(420-340)0.618=370.56.3、比較兩次的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，發(fā)現(xiàn)第一點(diǎn)比第二點(diǎn)的合成率高，故舍去370.56以下部分，在370.56-420之間，找x1的對稱：x3=420-(420-370.56)0.618=389.44608.4、比較兩次的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，發(fā)現(xiàn)第一點(diǎn)比第三點(diǎn)的合成率高，故舍去389.44

21、608以下部分，在389.44608-420之間，找x1的對稱：x4=420-(420-389.44608)0.618=401.11767744.5、比較兩次的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，發(fā)現(xiàn)第一點(diǎn)比第四點(diǎn)的合成率高，故舍去401.11767744以上部分，在389.44608-401.11767744之間，找x1的對稱：x5=401.11767744-(401.11767744-389.44608)0.618=393.787.5.2電解質(zhì)溫度657480電解率94.398.981.5目標(biāo)函數(shù)101.4993 x=70.62664887則下一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)點(diǎn)為70.63。5.4黃金分割法首先在實(shí)驗(yàn)范圍的0.618處做第

22、一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，這一點(diǎn)的堿液用量為x1=20+(80-20)*0.618=57.08(ml)在這一點(diǎn)的對稱點(diǎn)，即0.382處做第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，這一點(diǎn)的堿液用量為x2=80-(80-20)*0.618=42.92(ml)比較兩次試驗(yàn)結(jié)果，第二點(diǎn)較第一點(diǎn)好，則去掉57.08以上的部分，然后在20ml與57.08ml之間，找x2的對稱點(diǎn)x3=57.08-(57.08-20)*0.618=34.165(ml)比較第二點(diǎn)與第三點(diǎn)，第二點(diǎn)較好，則去掉34.165以下的部分，然后在34.165ml與57.08ml之間，找x2的對稱點(diǎn)x4=34.165+(57.08-34.165)*0.618=48.326(ml)比較

23、第二點(diǎn)與第四點(diǎn)，第四點(diǎn)較好，則去掉42.29以下的部分，然后在42.29ml與57.08ml之間，找x4的對稱點(diǎn)x5=42.29+(57.08-42.29)*0.618=51.43(ml)由于x5屬于50ml到55ml之間，則為最佳點(diǎn)。9080706050403020100020406080100120y = -0.2274x2 + 32.1207x - 1032.7519電解質(zhì)溫度電解率)()()()()()(212131323212221321232232214xxyxxyxxyxxyxxyxxyx-+-+-+-+-=5.5對開法在直角坐標(biāo)系中畫出一矩形代表優(yōu)選范圍：20 x100,30y

24、160.在中線x=(20+100)/2=60上用單因素法找到最大值，設(shè)最大值在p點(diǎn)。再在中線y=(30+160)/2=90上用單因素法找到最大值，設(shè)最大值在q點(diǎn)。比較p和q的結(jié)果，如果q大，去掉xx2x3x4又x3x4對應(yīng)的偏回歸系數(shù)不顯著，故歸入殘差項(xiàng)，重新進(jìn)行回歸分析如下：summary output回歸統(tǒng)計(jì)multiple r 0.986424302r square0.973032904adjusted r square0.964043872標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差2.046677524觀測值9方差分析dfssmsf significance f回歸分析2 906.8667 453.4333 108.2

25、467 1.96e-05殘差6 25.13333 4.188889總計(jì)8932coefficients 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差t statp-value lower 95%upper 95% 下限 95.0%intercept20.39333333 2.549736 7.998213 0.000204 14.15435 26.63231 14.15435丙烯酸用量x1/ml1.720.12204 14.09371 7.97e-06 1.421378 2.018622 1.421378引發(fā)劑用量x2/%-10.33333333 3.051007 -3.38686 0.014733 -17.7989 -2.86

26、779 -17.7989簡化后的方程非常顯著，兩偏回歸系數(shù)也都顯著，所以得到最終的二元線性方程：y=y=18.585+1.644x1-11.667x27.2序號廢棄塑料質(zhì)量x1/kg改性劑用量x2/kg增塑劑用量x3/kg混合劑用量x4/kgx1x2x3x3附著力評分y114712589814440216101868160324453181355623425904205146610019641522819541763614062411864264649072615165239025687828620621684004093091050270100481032121760384289100sum

27、mary output回歸統(tǒng)計(jì)multiple r 0.997692974r square0.995391271adjusted r square0.986173814標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差3.039793997觀測值10方差分析dfssmsf significance f回歸分析6 5987.179 997.8632 107.9898 0.001361殘差3 27.72104 9.240348總計(jì)96014.9coefficients 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差t statp-value lower 95%upper 95% 下限 95.0%intercept275.8513061 46.78305 5.896394 0.

28、009738 126.9668 424.7359 126.9668廢棄塑料質(zhì)量x1/kg-9.164049588 1.288022 -7.11482 0.005714 -13.2631 -5.06499 -13.2631改性劑用量x2/kg-21.90324594 3.378473 -6.48318 0.007449 -32.6551 -11.1514 -32.6551增塑劑用量x3/kg-21.1426109 2.603757 -8.12004 0.003905 -29.4289 -12.8563 -29.4289混合劑用量x4/kg1.402877792 0.191033 7.343644

29、 0.005218 0.7949262.01083 0.794926x1x21.16458603 0.138149 8.429919 0.003503 0.724934 1.604238 0.724934x3x30.727523817 0.0975817.45562 0.004996 0.416979 1.038069 0.416979回歸方程： y=275.851-9.164x1-21.903x2-21.143x3+1.403x4+1.16x1x2+0.73x32因素主次 x1x2x3x4x1x2方程非常顯著，偏回歸系數(shù)也非常顯著，所以四個(gè)因素對試驗(yàn)結(jié)果都有非常顯著地影響。下面用規(guī)劃求解來求

30、得最大值x114127.179x25x35x468第八章習(xí)題答案8.1試驗(yàn)號z1z2z1z2z3z1z3灰化溫度x1/原子化溫度x2/11111170024002111-1-1700240031-1-111700180041-1-1-1-170018005-11-11-130024006-11-1-1130024007-1-111-130018008-1-11-113001800summary output回歸統(tǒng)計(jì)multiple r 0.994230144r square0.988493579adjusted r square0.959727528標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差0.007905694觀測值8方差分

31、析dfssmsf significance f顯著性z110.000761 0.000761 9.51e-05z210.009113 0.009113 0.001139*z310.000181 0.000181 2.26e-05z1z210.000264 0.000264 3.31e-05z1z310.000420.00042 5.26e-05回歸分析5 0.010739 0.00214834.3632 0.028518*殘差2 0.000125 6.25e-05總計(jì)7 0.010864coefficients 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差t statp-value lower 95%upper 95% 下限 9

32、5.0%intercept0.50475 0.002795 180.5848 3.07e-05 0.492724 0.516776 0.492724z10.00975 0.002795 3.488266 0.073266 -0.00228 0.021776 -0.00228z20.03375 0.002795 12.07477 0.006789 0.021724 0.045776 0.021724z1z20.00475 0.002795 1.699412 0.231342 -0.00728 0.016776 -0.00728z3-0.00575 0.002795 -2.05718 0.1759

33、39 -0.01778 0.006276 -0.01778z1z30.00725 0.002795 2.593839 0.122018 -0.00478 0.019276 -0.00478回歸方程： y=0.50475+0.00975z1+0.03375z2+0.00475z1z2-0.00575z3+0.00725z1z3由該回歸方程中偏回歸系數(shù)絕對值的大小，可以得到各因素和交互作用的主次順序?yàn)椋簒2x1x1x3x3x1x2由方差分析的結(jié)果可知，只有z2因素對試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)有非常顯著的影響，故可把其他因素歸入殘差項(xiàng)，重新進(jìn)行方差分析得到如下表：第二次方差分析表dfssmsf顯著性z210.0091

34、13 0.009113 33.62546 *殘差e6 0.001626 0.000271總計(jì)7 0.010864因素z2對試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)y有非常顯著的影響，因此回歸方程可以簡化為：y=0.50475+0.03375z2又z2=(x2-2100)/300,回帶得方程y=0.2685+0.0001125x28.2試驗(yàn)號z1z2z3提取率y/%11118211-17.331-116.941-1-16.45-1116.96-11-16.57-1-1168-1-1-15.190006.6100006.5110006.6summary output回歸統(tǒng)計(jì)multiple r 0.990265441r squa

35、re0.980625644adjusted r square0.972322348標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差0.121074733觀測值11方差分析dfssmsf significance f顯著性z112.101252.10125#div/0!*z212.311252.31125#div/0!*z310.781250.78125#div/0!*回歸分析35.193751.73125 118.1008 2.34e-06*殘差7 0.102614 0.014659總計(jì)10 5.296364coefficients 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差t statp-value lower 95%upper 95% 下限 95.0%inter

36、cept6.618181818 0.036505 181.29324.1e-146.53186 6.7045036.53186z10.5125 0.042806 11.97251 6.46e-06 0.411279 0.613721 0.411279z20.5375 0.042806 12.55654 4.69e-06 0.436279 0.638721 0.436279z30.3125 0.042806 7.300313 0.000163 0.211279 0.413721 0.211279回歸方程： y=6.618+0.5125z1+0.5375z2+0.3125z3由該回歸方程中偏回歸系

37、數(shù)絕對值的大小，可以得到各因素和交互作用的主次順序?yàn)椋簒3x1x2由方差分析的結(jié)果可知，z1z2z3三個(gè)因素對試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)都有非常顯著的影響，所建立的方程也非常顯著。失擬性檢驗(yàn)差異源ssdfmsff0.1失擬（lf）0.095946975 0.019189 5.7568189.25重復(fù)試驗(yàn)（e1）0.0066666672 0.003333由flfx1x2由方差分析的結(jié)果可知，z1z2z3三個(gè)因素對試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)都有非常顯著的影響，所建立的方程也非常顯著。0.02650.02610.0257793008880098100試試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)設(shè)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)與與數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)處處理理課課后后習(xí)習(xí)題題答答案案785.45.37.26.

38、5上限 95.0%93.313090.654397msf significance f0.139805159.801 0.0002250.000875t statp-value lower 95%upper 95% 下限 95.0% 上限 95.0%-10.6461 0.000441 -10.2653 -6.01853 -10.2653 -6.0185312.64124 0.000225 3.033444 4.740969 3.033444 4.740969上限 95.0%-6.018534.740969上限 95.0%4.4242640.38794218.681612.996479y=t102910111016100699310