外墻保溫及節(jié)能材料畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯

1、 journal of china institute of building, 2008, 137(8): 0732-9764.external wall insulation technology and energy-saving materials abstract: this paper used on the exterior of our current technology and energy-saving insulation material to be addressed. vigorously promoting external insulation technol

2、ogy, new energy-saving materials to strengthen the development and use of energy-saving construction so that really to be implemented.key words: energy-saving building；materials the implementation of building energy conservation and environmental protection and energy conservation policy and the mai

3、n contents of the national economy and implementing sustainable development is an important component part. in such a series of energy conservation policies, regulations, standards and mandatory provisions under the guidance of china's energy-saving housing construction work has been constantly

4、deepened, energy conservation standards continuously, and the introduction of development, many new energy-saving technologies and materials, and in residential buildings to promote use. however, china's current level of building energy conservation, but also much lower than the developed countr

5、ies, china's energy consumption per unit area construction climate is similar to the developed countries, three times to five times. cold in the north building heating energy consumption accounts for the local society more than 20% of energy consumption, and the vast majority are used in thermal

6、 power generation and coal-fired boilers, at the same time to cause serious environmental pollution. therefore, the construction of this century, china's energy-saving construction is an important topic. in the construction of the external structure for the heat loss larger, external retaining s

7、tructure in the wall and make up a large share. therefore, the reform and building wall wall is the development of energy-saving technologies building energy-saving technology one of the most important part of the external wall insulation technology and the development of energy-saving construction

8、materials is the main energy-saving mode.1.an external wall insulation technology energy-saving insulation wall construction techniques can be divided into external walls, insulation and exterior insulation two categories.1.1 insulation technology and its features external wall insulation in constru

9、ction, in the internal and external structure to the insulation layer. construction of insulation fast, convenient operation flexible and can ensure the construction progress. application of thermal insulation within a longer time, mature technology, construction techniques and testing standards are

10、 relatively sound. in 2001 the external wall insulation in construction, about 90 percent of the engineering applications, insulation technology. been in the area to promote the insulation technology: enhanced gypsum composite polystyrene insulation board, polymer mortar composite polystyrene insula

11、tion board, reinforced cement composite polystyrene insulation board, the interior paste polystyrene board clean wall plaster and polystyrene particles floor insulation mortar and cracking slurry pressure network haile practice. however, the use of thermal insulation will be more occupied area, &quo

12、t;thermal bridge" is no easy solution, making it easy to crack, but will also affect the construction speed, the second decoration of the affected residents, and the hoisting of the interior walls and fixed objects can easily damage the insulation structure. insulation within the technical unre

13、asonable, its decision must be replaced by the insulation. 3 string 1.2, and its technical characteristics of insulation exterior insulation is vigorously promoting the construction of a thermal insulation energy-saving technologies. exterior insulation compared with the thermal insulation, technica

14、l reasonable, and there are obvious advantages of using the same specifications, the same size and performance of insulation materials, exterior insulation, insulation effect than good. exterior insulation technology not only apply to the new structure works, but also to transform the old buildings,

15、 applicable to a wide range of high technology content; exterior insulation package in the main structure of the outer side to protect the main structure, and extend the life of buildings; effectively reduce the thermal structure of the bridge, construction of an effective increase in space at the s

16、ame time eliminating condensation and improve the living comfort. materials net currently insulation on the external walls of relatively mature technologies include the following types. 1.2.1 plug-exterior insulation plug the insulation material rock (ore), cotton, glass wool carpets, polystyrene fo

17、am (polystyrene board, eps, xps), polyphenylene artificial stone ceramic decorative concrete composite insulation panels, steel mesh-sandwich such as wallboard. one for polystyrene board has excellent physical properties and cheap cost, in the world has been within the scope of the external wall ins

18、ulation plug technology is widely used. the technology is plug mortar or adhesive is used for the fixed pieces of insulation materials will be posted, pegged to the outer walls, then the floor cracking mortar, pressed glass fiber mesh protective layer formation, and the last to do decorative surface

19、. a further approach is the use of a dedicated fixed-absorbent will be difficult various insulation board fixed the outer walls, and then aluminium, natural stone, stained glass, and other pre-production plug in the keel, the direct formation of decorative surface. mr. im pei designed by the bank of

20、 china head office building, the insulation is used in this design. this plug-in insulation installation time-consuming, difficult construction and construction-led occupation period, the main question can only after acceptance construction. conducting high-level construction, the construction of th

21、e security personnel not be guaranteed. 1.2.2 polystyrene board with a wall casting molding this technology is in the concrete frame - polystyrene board shear system will be built into the architecture template, will be pouring in the lateral wall, and then pouring concrete, concrete pouring and mol

22、ding polystyrene board for a composite wall. the technology to solve the plug-in insulation of the main issues of its advantages is obvious. as the external walls of the main insulation layer with a survival, improve efficiency, greatly shorten the construction period, and the safety of construction

23、 workers be guaranteed. but in the winter construction, the role of polystyrene insulation banqi can reduce the external envelope insulation measures. but we should pay attention to pouring concrete uniform, continuous casting, otherwise concrete lateral pressure caused the impact polystyrene board

24、in the form removal after deformation and wrong stubble, impact on the construction sequence. the built-in polystyrene board which can be double-sided steel mesh, it could be a single screen of steel. double wire fabric benzene plate and concrete connections, relies mainly on the medial wall and the

25、 steel mesh-banding and lateral reinforcement of concrete and polystyrene board of bonding, the combination of good performance, high security. single wire fabric benzene plate and concrete connections, rely mainly on the concrete and polystyrene board and the bonding chacha reinforced, l, such as s

26、teel and concrete wall of the anchorage, with better performance. and double steel mesh, compared to one-sided steel mesh technology with the cancellation of the inner steel mesh and installation of insulation board before the board lateral plastering, saving time and materials. its cost can be redu

27、ced by 10 percent. however, the two approaches are used steel mesh planes, the higher cost, and the steel is hot-conductor, direct heat will be reduced wall insulation effect. we are concrete and polystyrene board with a grid molding compound wall were studied. the experimental results show that, in

28、 concrete slurry of suitable conditions, the direct use of concrete as an adhesive to paste polystyrene board, it is entirely possible. when we polystyrene board on the back of treatment, with concrete bonding further improve (the average bond strength can be achieved 0.07 mpa, and damage occurred i

29、n polystyrene board). the technology-steel mesh canceled its performance of the insulation, and once again cut the cost of board. after its long-term durability demonstration, the project can be widely used.1.2.3 polystyrene insulation slurry particles external insulationwill be abandoned polystyren

30、e plastic (for eps) processing broken into the 0.5 to 4 mm particle, as a lightweight aggregate to the preparation insulation mortar. the technology includes the insulation layer, the protective layer and cracking impermeability of protection layer (or layer of impermeable surface cracking of the mo

31、rtar in 1). zl powder particles of polystyrene insulation materials and technology in 1998 by the ministry of construction as on the national law. this method is now widely recognized wall insulation technology. the construction technique is simple and can reduce the labor intensity, and improving w

32、ork efficiency; difference in the quality of the structure from the impact of the wall on the defective construction of the wall need repair leveling, and the direct use of slurry huabu insulation can avoid other insulation construction technology for plastering leveling off houer shedding phenomeno

33、n. at the same time the external wall insulation technology to solve the engineering harsh conditions resulting from the use of easy interface debonding hollowing, surface cracking, and other problems easier to achieve exterior insulation an important breakthrough technology. insulation and other th

34、ings, compared to the same insulating effect of the circumstances, its lower cost, lower housing construction costs. for example, with polystyrene insulation boards, compared to per square metre can reduce about 25 yuan. fraunhofer-new home in tianjin high-level external insulation is used in the wo

35、rks of such technology.energy-saving insulation materials are adiabatic materials. insulation material is used for building envelope or thermal equipment, heat transfer impedance of the material or composite materials, including insulation materials, including insulation materials. the significance

36、of thermal insulation material, on the one hand to meet the architectural space or thermal equipment thermal environment, on the other hand in order to save energy. with worldwide energy growing tensions in the energy-saving aspects of thermal insulation material on the significance of significant o

37、utstanding. residents generally only heating air conditioning, insulation enclosure through the use of material that can be on the basis of the existing energy-saving 50% to 80%. according to japan's energy conservation practice has proved that the use of 1 ton per insulation materials, can save

38、 three tons of standard coal / year, the energy efficiency of the cost of production is 10 times. therefore, some countries insulation material as is the coal, petroleum, natural gas, nuclear energy after the fifth-largest "energy."insulation on the external wall insulation is insulation m

39、aterials as building envelope, development and application of highly efficient insulation thermal insulation material is to ensure that building an effective energy-saving measures. at present the world's least developed countries, are on the insulation material production and application very s

40、eriously, and energy-saving construction work is done well, and they attach importance to the development of insulation materials and are inseparable. 2.1 insulation material properties adiabatic is to maximize the thermal impedance of the transmission and therefore asked the insulation material mus

41、t be large and small thermal resistance of the thermal conductivity.speaking from the composition of materials, organic polymer generally are smaller than the thermal conductivity inorganic materials; non-metallic thermal conductivity coefficient is less than metallic materials; gaseous substances i

42、s less than the thermal conductivity of liquid material, liquid than solid material. therefore, in conditions permitting, should make full use of organic polymer materials or amorphous inorganic materials, which is beneficial for the insulation insulation.in addition, insulation insulation materials

43、 must also be able to resist the impact of load, the environment is consistent with the use of mechanical strength. its better performance bond, still a small contraction rate and the environment in line with the durability. 9 string 3 summary at present, china's external wall insulation technol

44、ogy developed very quickly, and energy conservation is the focus of the work. external wall insulation technology with the development of innovative energy-saving materials are inextricably linked, building energy efficiency must be the development of new energy-saving materials for the premise, the

45、re must be sufficient insulation insulation materials as a foundation. energy-saving materials and the development of the external wall insulation must be technology, we can really play its role. it is precisely because of the energy-saving materials innovation, and the superiority of external insul

46、ation technology was increasing people's attention. therefore, in the external wall insulation technology to promote the same time, we must step up the development of new energy-saving materials and the use and thus truly achieve energy-saving construction. references 1. huxiaoyuan, xu lin. buil

47、ding insulation materials of the present situation and prospects of the application. insulation materials and energy-saving technologies, 2002, (6): 2-4 2. liu hongtao, etc. insulation on the external walls of several common forms and materials. building technology and application, 2001, (1): 39 to

48、40 3. guo ying. external walls, insulation, energy-saving technology in residential construction in the role of construction technology development, 2002, (2): 46 to 48 中國建造學會期刊, 2008, 137(8): 0732-9764.外墻保溫及節(jié)能材料 摘 要 本文就當前我國常用的外墻保溫技術(shù)及節(jié)能材料加以論述。在大力推廣外墻保溫技術(shù)的同時，要加強新型節(jié)能材料的開發(fā)和利用，從而使建筑節(jié)能真正得以實施。關(guān)鍵詞 建筑材料，建筑節(jié)

49、能簡介建筑節(jié)能是執(zhí)行國家環(huán)境保護和節(jié)約能源政策的主要內(nèi)容，是貫徹國民經(jīng)濟可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要組成部分。 在這樣一系列的節(jié)能政策、法規(guī)、標準和強制性條文的指導下，我國住宅建設(shè)的節(jié)能工作不斷深入，節(jié)能標準不斷提高，引進開發(fā)了許多新型的節(jié)能技術(shù)和材料，在住宅建筑中大家，我國建筑單位面積能耗仍是氣候相近的發(fā)達國家的3倍5倍。北方寒冷地區(qū)的建筑采暖能耗已占當?shù)厝鐣芎牡?0%以上，且絕大部分都是采用火力發(fā)電和燃煤鍋爐，同時給環(huán)境帶來嚴重的污染。所以建筑節(jié)能還是本世紀我國建筑業(yè)的一個重要的課題。在建筑中，外圍護結(jié)構(gòu)的熱損耗較大，外圍護結(jié)構(gòu)中墻體又占了很大份額。所以建筑墻體改革與墻體節(jié)能技術(shù)的發(fā)展是建筑節(jié)能技

50、術(shù)力推廣使用。但我國目前的建筑節(jié)能水平，還遠低于發(fā)達國的一個最重要的環(huán)節(jié)，發(fā)展外墻保溫技術(shù)及節(jié)能材料則是建筑節(jié)能的主要實現(xiàn)方式。1外墻保溫技術(shù) 節(jié)能保溫墻體施工技術(shù)主要分為外墻內(nèi)保溫和外墻外保溫兩大類1.1內(nèi)保溫技術(shù)及其特點外墻內(nèi)保溫施工，是在外墻結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)部加做保溫層。內(nèi)保溫施工速度快，操作方便靈活，可以保證施工進度。內(nèi)保溫應(yīng)用時間較長，技術(shù)成熟，施工技術(shù)及檢驗標準是比較完善的。在2001年外墻保溫施工中約有90%以上的工程應(yīng)用內(nèi)保溫技術(shù)。被大面積推廣的內(nèi)保溫技術(shù)有：增強石膏復(fù)合聚苯保溫板、聚合物砂漿復(fù)合聚苯保溫板、增強水泥復(fù)合聚苯保溫板、內(nèi)墻貼聚苯板抹粉刷石膏及抹聚苯顆粒保溫料漿加抗裂砂漿壓

51、入網(wǎng)格布的做法。但內(nèi)保溫會多占用使用面積，“熱橋”問題不易解決，容易引起開裂，還會影響施工速度，影響居民的二次裝修，且內(nèi)墻懸掛和固定物件也容易破壞內(nèi)保溫結(jié)構(gòu)。內(nèi)保溫在技術(shù)上的不合理性，決定了其必然要被外保溫所替代。1.2 外保溫技術(shù)及其特點外保溫是目前大力推廣的一種建筑保溫節(jié)能技術(shù)。外保溫與內(nèi)保溫相比，技術(shù)合理，有其明顯的優(yōu)越性，使用同樣規(guī)格、同樣尺寸和性能的保溫材料，外保溫比內(nèi)保溫的效果好。外保溫技術(shù)不僅適用于新建的結(jié)構(gòu)工程，也適用于舊樓改造，適用于范圍廣，技術(shù)含量高；外保溫包在主體結(jié)構(gòu)的外側(cè)，能夠保護主體結(jié)構(gòu)，延長建筑物的壽命；有效減少了建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的熱橋，增加建筑的有效空間；同時消除了冷凝，

52、提高了居住的舒適度。 目前比較成熟的外墻保溫技術(shù)主要有以下幾種。1.2.1 外掛式外保溫外掛的保溫材料有巖（礦）棉、玻璃棉氈、聚苯乙烯泡沫板（簡稱聚苯板，eps、xps）、陶?；炷翉?fù)合聚苯仿石裝飾保溫板、鋼絲網(wǎng)架夾芯墻板等。其中聚苯板因具有優(yōu)良的物理性能和廉價的成本，已經(jīng)在全世界范圍內(nèi)的外墻保溫外掛技術(shù)中被廣泛應(yīng)用。該外掛技術(shù)是采用粘接砂漿或者是專用的固定件將保溫材料貼、掛在外墻上，然后抹抗裂砂漿，壓入玻璃纖維網(wǎng)格布形成保護層，最后加做裝飾面。還有一種做法是用專用的固定件將不易吸水的各種保溫板固定在外墻上，然后將鋁板、天然石材、彩色玻璃等外掛在預(yù)先制作的龍骨上，直接形成裝飾面。由貝聿銘先生設(shè)

53、計的中國銀行總行辦公樓的外保溫就是采用的這種設(shè)計。這種外掛式的外保溫安裝費時，施工難度大，且施工占用主導工期，待主體驗收完后才可以進行施工。在進行高層施工時，施工人員的安全不易得到保障。1.2.2聚苯板與墻體一次澆注成型該技術(shù)是在混凝土框剪體系中將聚苯板內(nèi)置于建筑模板內(nèi)，在即將澆注的墻體外側(cè)，然后澆注混凝土，混凝土與聚苯板一次澆注成型為復(fù)合墻體。該技術(shù)解決了外掛式外保溫的主要問題，其優(yōu)勢是很明顯的。由于外墻主體與保溫層一次成活，工效提高，工期大大縮短，且施工人員的安全性得到了保證。而且在冬季施工時，聚苯板起保溫的作用，可減少外圍圍護保溫措施。但在澆注混凝土時要注意均勻、連續(xù)澆注，否則由于混凝土側(cè)壓力的影響會造成聚苯板在拆模后出現(xiàn)變形和錯茬，影響后序施工。其中內(nèi)置的聚苯板可以是雙面鋼絲網(wǎng)的，也可以是單面鋼絲網(wǎng)的。雙面鋼絲網(wǎng)聚苯板與混凝土的連接，主要是依靠內(nèi)側(cè)鋼