輪機(jī)英語2016一月

1、1.       In the cooling system, a general build-up of deposits resulting a loss of thermal efficiency and leads in turn to _A.     broken problems   B.overcooling problems C interrupted problems   D.overhe

2、ating problems2. A semiconductor is a material with a _.A. conductivity higher than a normal conductorB. conductivity higher than a normal insulatorC. high conductivity at low temperaturesD. low conductivity at high temperatures注：semiconductor半導(dǎo)體，conductivity導(dǎo)電性能；半導(dǎo)體的導(dǎo)電性能介于導(dǎo)體和絕緣體之間；故選B。3. Increased

3、internal leakage, in addition to poor hydraulic system response, and inadequate    lubrication, is the result of _ .   A. pump bearings in poor condition   B. excessively worn actuator-piston packing   C. broken directional control val

4、ve centering springs.   D. low hydraulic oil viscosity注：液壓系統(tǒng)反應(yīng)傻、潤滑不良，而且內(nèi)部泄漏大，往往是由于液壓油的粘度低引起，故選D。4. In sewage treatment, the term maceration refers to the process of_.A. breaking up solid matter into fine particlesB. precipitating non-decomposed waste in a collection tankC. chemically

5、adjusting the sewage PH to 7.0D. eliminating bacterium coli from the sewage注：生活污水處理中的術(shù)語“浸漬”指的是將固體物質(zhì)分解成細(xì)小顆粒的過程，故選 A。maceration浸漬。5. "Insufficiency of manning or insufficiency of certification of seafarers" is an identification of a _.A. substandard shipB. standard shipC. over-stan

6、dard shipD. reference ship注：“配員不足或船員證書不足”是船舶不達(dá)標(biāo)的一個證據(jù)，故選A。substandard低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的。6. When installed for bilge pumping or ballast duty, centrifugal pumps require a _ to re-move air from the suction pipe.A. air chamberB. head tankC. primerD. prime mover注：如果離心泵用于排放艙底水或壓載之用，需要自吸裝置從吸入管路排除空氣，選 C。7. The openi

7、ng of the humidifier's valve of air-conditioner should be _ when the cir-cumstance temperature is raised to 5 80 in the winter.A. decreasedB. increasedC. fixedD. closed注：當(dāng)冬季環(huán)境溫度升至58時，應(yīng)關(guān)閉空調(diào)加濕閥，故選D。8. The operator of electrical motors should keep a constant check on the loads they carry becau

8、se _.A. low loads necessitate frequent insulation. cleaning   B. exceeding nameplate values shortens useful life   C. energy is wasted if full loading is not utilized   D. power factor correction methods are load dependent注：電機(jī)操作員應(yīng)經(jīng)常檢查動機(jī)所帶負(fù)載，這是因?yàn)樨?fù)載超過銘牌標(biāo)定值會

9、縮短使用壽    命. A為低負(fù)載需要頻繁清潔絕緣子；B為負(fù)載超過銘牌標(biāo)定值會縮短使用壽命；C為若沒有使用滿負(fù)荷會造成能源浪費(fèi)；D為功率因數(shù)、的校正取決于負(fù)載量，故選B。10、The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ensure that at all times bridge orders relating to changes in _ of operation are immediately implemented.    A、fore and

10、 aft      B、ahead or astern        C、speed or direction  D、up or down    C     負(fù)責(zé)值班的輪機(jī)員應(yīng)該確保任何時候關(guān)于速度和方向改變的駕駛臺的命令應(yīng)該立即執(zhí)行。11.The objectives of the ISM Code are to ensure_.A. safet

11、y at seaB. prevention of human injury or loss of lifeC. avoidance of damage to the marine environment and to PropertyD. all of the above注：國際安全管理規(guī)則的目標(biāo)是確保海上安全、防止人命傷亡、避免損害海洋環(huán)境及財(cái)    產(chǎn)，故選D。12. Most troubles likely to occur with marine diesel engine can , if located in time , be remedi

12、ed with no difficulty and many can be _ if the engine is maintained with a high sense of responsibility to the people on the part of the motormen and engineers.   A. found outB. eliminatedC. avoidedD. lowered注：大多數(shù)船用柴油機(jī)可能發(fā)生的故障，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)及時，排除都沒有困難，假如機(jī)工和輪機(jī)員具有高度的責(zé)任心對機(jī)器進(jìn)行維護(hù)保養(yǎng)，許多故障時可以避免的，故選 

13、;C。13 Usually _ handles the majority of the correspondence and negotiation needed during    transactions of stores and spare parts in the engine departmentA. the chief engineerB. the second engineerC. the third engineerD. the fourth engineer注：在輪機(jī)部，物料和備件交易中所需的大多數(shù)通信聯(lián)絡(luò)及協(xié)商通常由輪機(jī)長處理，故選

14、A14. It is possible to mount a double suction centrifugal pump impeller with the vanes facing inthe wrong direction. This would cause the pump _ .A. head capacity to improveB. discharge to be reversedC. efficiency to decreaseD. slippage to decrease注：對于雙葉輪的離心泵，如果葉片方向安裝錯誤，將使泵效率下降，選C。15. Which of the f

15、ollowing statements is correct relative to distillation plant operation?   A. Distillation is the process of boiling seawater to produce vapor which is condensed into    fresh water.    B. Evaporation is the second part of the distillation proce

16、ss where brine is removed.   C. Brine is the result of condensed sea water vapor.   D. Distillate is the product resulting from the evaporation of fresh water vapor.注：蒸餾是這樣一種過程：使海水蒸發(fā)，產(chǎn)生蒸汽，然后冷凝成淡水，故選A。16. The maintenance period of the engine depends principally on _.A. t

17、he working condition            B. the engineers experienceC. operational schedule             D. the engine size17. W. H. R. stands for _ .A. Water Head RegisterB. Water Heat

18、er Re-circulatingC. Waste Heat RecoveryD. Waste Handle Reference注：WHR代表廢熱回收裝置，故選C。18. Oily water separators are used to ensure that ships don't discharge oil when pumping out_.A. ballast waterB. boiler waterC. bilge waterD. sewage water注：船舶上的油水分離器能保證船舶排放艙底水時不排出油，故選 C。19. Duties shall be so

19、organized by the chief engineer officer that the first watch at the commencement of a voyage and the subsequent relieving watches are_ and otherwise fit for duty.A. well trained             B. in good luckC. in good healthD. sufficient

20、ly rested注：輪機(jī)長在組織值班時，應(yīng)使航行開始的第一班和其后的接班人員都得以充分休息以使其適合于履行職責(zé)，故選 D。relieving watches接班人員。20. Most minor spills of oil products are caused by _.A. equipment failure   B. human error   C. major casualties  D. unforeseeable circumstances21. Anchor capstans are us

21、ed in some installation where the cable lifter rotates about a _ .A. horizontal axis              B. crankshaftC. vertical axis            D. Camshaft注：在一些裝置中使用錨絞盤，錨鏈輪繞立軸

22、旋轉(zhuǎn)，故選C。22. At the top of the A-frames there is a strong cast iron frame called _ .A. cylinder linerB. cylinder coverC. the gear boxD. the scavenging box注：A形架的頂部有一個鑄鐵框架，即掃氣箱，故選D。23. The crane is usually mounted on a pedestal to offer adequate _ to the operator.   A. time  

23、60;            B. space          C. length              D. visibility注：回轉(zhuǎn)式起貨機(jī) 克令吊)一般安裝在平臺上，確保向操作者提供足夠的視野，故選D。24. Fo

24、r an ordinary four-stroke diesel engine the exhaust valves close _ .A. after TDC B. before TDC C. after BDC D.before BDC注：對于四沖程機(jī)，排氣閥往往在上止點(diǎn)之后關(guān)閉，故選A。25. It _ for an emergency generator to require paralleling.A. is usualB. is not usualC. is necessaryD. is not impossible注：應(yīng)急發(fā)電機(jī)一般不需并車，故選B。

25、26. The usual symptoms of cavitation in a centrifugal pump is_.    A. noise and vibration             B.an increase in discharge pressure    C. an increase in suction pressure   &#

26、160;D.lifting of the relief valve    注  離心泵氣蝕的常見征兆是噪聲和振動。A27. The operation between two fuel injections is called a _.    A. turning cycle   B.working cycle  C.working hour  D working stroke    注

27、 兩次燃油噴射之間的運(yùn)行被稱作一個工作循環(huán)。B 28.  In China, the administration for implementing SOLAS convention is_ .A. the harbor bureauB. the government of the flag state (MSA)C. the ship classification societyD. ship company在中國，執(zhí)行SOLAS公約的機(jī)構(gòu)是船旗國政府29. The diameter of the gravity disc is too big. It

28、 causes oil to flow through the water outlet.We changed the disc and no_ .A. waterB. oil is found in the water outletC. scaleD. ridge注：分油機(jī)比重環(huán)的直徑過大，會引起出水口跑油。更換比重環(huán)后，出水口沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)油了，故選B。30、The Abbreviation “ERM” in the Manila Amendments to the STCW Convention stands for _.  A、Engine Room Management

29、    B、Engine Resources Management     C、Engineer Resources Management   D、Engine-room Resources Management   D     ERM代表機(jī)艙資源管理。31. When separating the lube oil without additive, it is usually working

30、with hot water; the aim is to remove _ from it.A. acid                            B. oil sludgeC. mechanical impurity       &

31、#160;       D. Salinity注：對不含添加劑的滑油進(jìn)行分離時，通常使用熱水，其目的是去掉滑油中的酸，故選A32. Prior to a ship's departure from any port _ should be tested with deck officer to ensure satisfactory operation.A. fire fighting pumpB. the steering gearC. lie boat engineD. the main engine注：船舶離港

32、前，(輪機(jī)員)應(yīng)與駕駛員進(jìn)行舵機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)，以確保其工作正常，故選B。33. A circuit breaker is _.A. a distribution device                  B. a lighting equipmentC. the indicating instrument         

33、0;     D. an isolating switch34. The most common instrument used to measure diesel engine exhaust pressure is the _ .A. pyrometerB. bourdon gaugeC. pneumercatorD. manometer注：用于測量排氣壓力最常用的儀表是壓力計(jì)，故選D。pneumercator測量石油產(chǎn)品量的記錄儀。35. During the diesel engine running, the water level

34、of F. W. expansion tank should be normally kept in the_ level of glass tube.A. the highestB. above 3/ 4     C.1/ 23/ 4         D. the lowest注：柴油機(jī)工作期間，淡水膨脹水柜的水位通常處于玻璃水位計(jì)的1/2 3/4，故選 C。36. The approval period for a shipboard oil

35、 pollution emergency plan expires after _.A. one yearB. two years C. four yearsD; five years注：船上油污應(yīng)急計(jì)劃 (shipboard oil pollution emergency plan)有效期五年，故選D。37. Air terminals lined with sound insulation material are necessary to reduce the noise passing into the room with_.A .central air condi

36、tion systemB .high velocity systemC .low velocity systemD .single duct system40. Equal power factors on paralleled AC generators are maintained by an automatic _ .A. voltage regulatorB. reverse power relayC. reverse current relayD. governor control switch注：并聯(lián)運(yùn)行的交流發(fā)電機(jī)的功率因數(shù)是靠自動調(diào)壓器來維持相等的，故選A。B為逆功率繼電器，C

37、為逆電流繼電器，D為調(diào)速器控制開關(guān)。41. An electrically driven automatically operating auxiliary blower is provided for slow speed and _ of a low speed diesel engine.A. manoeuvring operations  B. bad combustionC. coolingD. mooring trial注：低速柴油機(jī)中，往往安裝一臺電力驅(qū)動自動工作的輔助鼓風(fēng)機(jī)用于低速和機(jī)動操縱工況，故選A。42. In the event of a small

38、 bunker oil spill on deck occurring while bunkering, you should_.A. wash down the area immediately with a fire hoseB. wash down the area with keroseneC. cover the area with absorbent materialD. cover the area with foam注：船舶加油時，如果發(fā)生甲板上溢油，應(yīng)用吸收性材料覆蓋，故選C。43、UMS stands for( ).A、ultra much space  

39、;  B、universal medium system      C、unit machined space      D、unattended machinery space  D     UMS代表無人機(jī)艙。44. The magnetic field is provided by electromagnets so arranged that adjacent poles hav

40、e _ .A. opposite polarityB. the same polarityC. negative polarityD. positive polarity注：電磁鐵產(chǎn)生磁場，相鄰磁極的極性相反，故選A。45. _ scavenge means both exhaust ports and scavenge ports are arranged to the same side.A. UniflowB. CrossC. LoopD. Straight注：回流掃氣意思是掃氣口和排氣口都布置在同一側(cè)，故選 C。46. STCW 78/95 Convention descri

41、bes that _ are laid down for the certification (發(fā)證)of engineer officers in charge of a watch in a traditionally manned engine room , or the designated engineer in a periodically unmanned engine room.A. available minimum requirementsB. available maximum requirementsC. mandatory minimum requirementsD.

42、 mandatory maximum requirements注：STCW 78/95公約說，對于在傳統(tǒng)的有人機(jī)艙負(fù)責(zé)值班的輪機(jī)員和定期無人值守的機(jī)艙的指定輪機(jī)員，規(guī)定了發(fā)證的強(qiáng)制性最低要求，故選 C。lay (過去分詞laid )down規(guī)定，制定；certification發(fā)證，mandatory強(qiáng)制性的。47. A diesel engine using lube oil with too high a viscosity will exhibit _ .A. increased starting difficulty in co1d weather  &#

43、160;B. increased oil consumptionC. thickening at higher operating temperatures  D. minimal friction losses注：柴油機(jī)采用粘度過高的滑油會引起發(fā)動機(jī)在冷態(tài)下起動困難，故選 A。48. Diesel engine crankshaft deflection readings are generally taken at four crank positions.Good engineering practice requires the deflection ga

44、ge or indicator to be _ .A. placed as near the crankpin axis as possibleB. removed each time the crankshaft is repositionedC. left in place for all four readingsD. reset to zero for all four readings注：柴油機(jī)曲軸拐檔差讀數(shù)的測取需要將拐檔表放在曲柄的四個位置上，故選 C。49. The word "offset" most probably means_.A. pre

45、determined valueB. measured valueC. off-limitD. sustained deviation注：“剩余偏差”最有可能用來表示持續(xù)的偏差，故選D。sustained持續(xù)的。50.If on first ignition the flame is uncertain, badly shaped and separated from the primary swirler, _ may correct.A.closing fuel valve          

46、;               C.stopping draught fanB.momentary opening or closing of air register    D.stopping fuel pump51. A fire in a pile of canvas would be classified as a_.A. class AB. class BC. class CD. class D

47、注：一堆帆布著火是A類火災(zāi)，故選A。52. After "finished with engine",which of the following can not be shut off by the dutyengineer?       A. Fuel oil booster pump.  B The main starting valve      C. The sea chest. D. The main coolin

48、g sea water pump  注“完車”后，值班輪機(jī)員不應(yīng)該關(guān)掉海底箱。C53. When the ship security alert system is activated, it shall not_.A. initiate a ship-to-shore security alertB. transmit a ship-to-shore security alertC. initiate an alert identifying the ship, its locationD. raise a security alarm on-board the ship

49、 indicating. that the ship is under threat注：當(dāng)船舶保安報(bào)警系統(tǒng)被激發(fā)時，它不得在船上發(fā)出警報(bào)表示船正受到威脅，故選 D。54.During incinerating, an incinerator vibrates excessively. Which of the following causes maybe correct?A. Too much water in the furnace.B. Bad atomization.C. Too much air in the furnace.D. Sludge temperature is

50、too high. Passage 79    The field current supply in older machines comes from a lower voltage direct current generator or exciter on the same shaft as the alternator. Modern machines however are either statically excited or of the high-speed brush-less type. The exciter is r

51、equired to operate to counter the effects of power factor for a given load. The power factor is a measure of the phase difference between voltage and current and is expressed as the cosine of the phase angle. With a purely resistance load the voltage and the current are in phase, giving a power fact

52、or of one. The power consumed is therefore the product of voltage and current. Inductive or capacitive loads, combined with resistance loads, produce lagging or leading power factors which have a value less than one. The power consumed is therefore the product of current, voltage and power factor. T

53、he alternating current generator supplying a load has a voltage drop resulting from the load. When the load has a lagging power factor this voltage drop is considerable. Therefore the exciter, in maintaining the alternator voltage, must vary with load current and also the power factor. The speed cha

54、nge of the prime mover must also be taken into account.1. The word “machines” in the passage refers to _.  A. the direct current generator                         &#

55、160;     B. the alternating current generator  C. the exciter                                  

56、                     D. the prime mover2. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?  A. With a purely resistance load, the power factor is zero.  B.

57、Inductive loads combined with resistance loads produces leading power factors.  C. Capacitive loads combined with resistance loads produces lagging power factors.  D. With a purely resistance load, the phase angle is zero.3. When the load has a lagging power factor this voltage d

58、rop is considerable. This sentence means      that _.  A. with a purely resistance load, the voltage drops too much  B. there is a considerable voltage drop in the capacitive load combined with resistance load  C. when the load is the capac

59、itive load combined with resistance load, the voltage drops to zero  D. when the load is the inductive load combined with resistance load, the voltage drop is fairly large4. The exciter must vary with: load current, the power factor, speed change of the prime mover.  A. only 

60、0;        B. only             C. and        D. , and BDDD Passage 99A centrifugal feed pump must not be operated unless it is fully primed. The pump casing shou

61、ld be filled before starting, the suction pipe and pipe branch to the discharge stop valve must also be full. If the water enters the pump suction by gravity, priming is unnecessary and the pump will remain full of water when shut down. To fill the pump, open the small air-valve on the top of the pu

62、mp casing until water commences to flow, then shut the air-valve.    If the pump is operating with a suction lift, it may be primed either from an independent water supply or from the discharge line, or by means of a vent connection or exhauster which will evacuate the pump and suction piping of air. a foot valve must, of cause, he fitted in these cases. The discharge valve and air-valves should be kept closed during the priming of the puny if done by the latter methods.1. Which of the following should not be don