[實(shí)例講解]初中英語完形填空+解題技巧+實(shí)例+答案

1、9初中完型填空題解題技巧一、完形填空的特點(diǎn)是什么？完形填空是一種旨在考查考生的閱讀能力、邏輯推理及分析歸納、綜合判斷能力的典型 題，難易程度與初中教材相當(dāng)，詞數(shù)在 180-250左右。文中平均每隔25個(gè)詞左右設(shè)一空。人 名、地名、日期等不在設(shè)空之列。隔詞數(shù)越少，題目越難；反之亦然。文體多以記敘文為主，首句通常不設(shè)空。考查內(nèi)容集中在對(duì)名詞、動(dòng)詞、代詞、形容詞 和副詞等實(shí)詞的理解上。完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字，不認(rèn)得字、詞語的情況下，能 否通過推理判斷、綜合分析等全面理解文章的正確意思，然后把答案填入空白處，使短文前 后連貫、意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整合理。它的一個(gè) 顯著特點(diǎn)就是突出語篇，即重在文意的

2、干擾， 把具體的語言知識(shí)融進(jìn)具體的語言情境中去，考查學(xué)生通過上下文對(duì)整體文意進(jìn)行把握的能 力。二、完形填空題的設(shè)置方法1.句子層次的設(shè)空（從詞匯、慣用法，語法規(guī)則的實(shí)際應(yīng)用方面進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)）指那些只需讀懂“空格”所在句子便可選出答案的題目，包括詞義識(shí)別，同義詞辨析，英語慣用法，語法規(guī)則的實(shí)際應(yīng)用。例 1: When you take your clothes off, remember to 86 . Get into the habit of僑成 的習(xí)慣）taking glasses and plates down to the kitchen. Before long you' ll

3、be doing it without thinking.()86. A. hang them up B. leave them alone C. put them on D. throw them away例 2： Only Mother s Love is true love. She gives you everything all her life. When you are a baby, mother looks after you 16 . In your waking hours she always holds you in her arms. When youare ill

4、, she 17 her work right away to look after you. When you are growing up, she feels 18 .( (2.)16. A. careful)17. A. does)18. A. sad句群層次的設(shè)空B. carefullyB. goes onB. sillyC.goodC. stopsC. upset（從語篇角度綜合測(cè)試考生的閱讀理解能力D. badlyD. likesD. happy)指根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容，經(jīng)過推理判斷可以得到答案的題目。這種題目相對(duì)較難，但只要 你能根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行考慮，一定能選出正確的答案。前制

5、性設(shè)空：即根據(jù)上文有關(guān)內(nèi)容即可確定答案的題目。例 1: It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a terrible idea!It meant I had to in front of all the teachers and students of my school!A. write B. speak C. sing D. dance例 2： Sometimes you may not understand your prents. One minute they '

6、; re friendly, the next minute they ' re shoutingnd screaming；尖口U) loudly enough for the whole street to hear. So who makes them so 85 . You, probably!()85. A. friendly B. lonely C. changeable D. comfortable(舒適的)后制性設(shè)空：指那些需要根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容才能選出正確答案的題目，即在下文某處有提示。例 1: Nobody him in the village. One day he sa

7、id to them,“I know you don ' t like meA. believed B. liked C. hated D. knew例 2： Country music comes from kinds of music. One is the traditional music of tall mountainpeople in the eastern United States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West.A. many B. all C. two D. threeEv

8、en though you may not realize(意識(shí)至 U) it, your parents have bought you many clothes. But they ' re not buying themselves new things every week, are they? The simple truth is that there aremore 87 things to spend money on, like the electricity(t) bill and food.()87. A. interestingB. difficultC. im

9、portant D. surprising3.語篇性設(shè)空(從語篇角度綜合測(cè)試考生的閱讀理解能力)指那些需要聯(lián)系全文的情境、內(nèi)容才能確定正確答案的設(shè)空 。這種題目難度較高，需要我們?cè)谌胬斫馕恼碌恼_意思下才能做出正確的選擇，這種題目主要用于拉開優(yōu)秀生與其 他學(xué)生的分?jǐn)?shù)，但題目不會(huì)太多。例：Sometimes you may not understand your parents .You- might not want to eat, but think of it from the parents ' point of view. If you cwokmeals a day, it

10、 means 730 meals a year. Can you imagine how boring this can get? Imagine how your parents feel when you say you' re not really hungry. 90 , your parents are probably worried that you aren' t eating enough.()90. A. In additionB. In returnC. At mostD. At last三、完形填空解題步驟與要領(lǐng)第一步：細(xì)讀首句，跳過空格，通讀全文，掌握

11、大意細(xì)讀首句：明確短文話題，了解篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，預(yù)測(cè)全文內(nèi)容。T跳過空格，快速通讀，領(lǐng)會(huì)大意，把握中心。L生詞的處理；跳過、判斷詞性、了解大意、猜測(cè)。第二步：上下聯(lián)系，逐句閱讀，先易后難，初定答案?！敬鸢敢?語法正確，搭配無誤，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，意思通順，前后一致，邏輯得當(dāng) 怎樣分析：A.從空格所在的句子單獨(dú)考慮。B B.從空格所在的前后2-3旬考慮。思路一 思路二 思路三 I思路四L C.從整個(gè)段落、整篇短文考慮。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，從語法和句型結(jié)構(gòu)考慮。理解句子含義，判斷句義關(guān)系，從詞匯的意義、用法和搭配考慮。把握整體意思，尋找答題線索，從上下文考慮。結(jié)合前后語境，進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從日常生活常識(shí)考慮。第三步：

12、復(fù)讀全文，逐個(gè)核對(duì)，驗(yàn)證答案，堅(jiān)定信心。怎樣驗(yàn)證答案：所選答案是否能使全文流暢，邏輯推理是否正確。|具體實(shí)事是否成立，前后關(guān)系是否理順。語法是否正確，其中包括時(shí)態(tài)的選擇、詞匯選擇、固定搭配等。, 在通讀全文時(shí)最好在可能的條件下將所選答案填入文章中，反復(fù)閱讀。四、具體的解題方法與技巧在解題時(shí)，除了運(yùn)用“前制性設(shè)空”、“后制性設(shè)空”和“語篇性設(shè)空”的知識(shí)進(jìn)行解題外，還有下面三種方法與技巧可供參考。(1)語意第一，語法第二原則。根據(jù)文化背景和生活常識(shí)，利用上下文線索，分析并列句的因果關(guān)系，可以選出正確答案。例 1: A young father was visiting an old neighbo

13、r. They were standing in the old man's garden and talkingabout .A.trees B.flowersC.childrenD.old peopleL 點(diǎn)撥】 【A young father was visiting an old neighbor. They were standing in the old man's garden, and talkingabout. The young man said, "How strict should parents be with their children?

14、 例 2： Little Tom wondered what would happen to the eggs. Two weeks later, little Tom found some chicks out of the shells(H 殼).A. walkedB. ran C. jumpedD. struggled例 3: It took Charlie Mui several months to save up seven dollars. He wanted to a model plane and wentto the shop with the moneyA.sellB.bu

15、yC.holdD.bring（2）語法正確，注意細(xì)節(jié)的原則。在語意正確的前題下，還要根據(jù)學(xué)過的語法知識(shí)，詞語辨析、習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配等方面選擇正確答 案。如：例 1 : One night the dog began to bark suddenly. It made Mr Erens to sleep. He had to get up and tried his to stop it, but the beast wouldn't stop , and kept on. A.go notB.not goC.not to goD.to not go A.wellB.goodC.bet

16、terD.best A.barkB.to barkC.barkingD.barked例 2: M r Evans is an old man of about sixty, His wife died a few years ago. His children him by then .A.leftB.would leaveC.have leftD.had left?（3）從語法方面，根據(jù)所給答案的不同詞類，從不同角度分別考慮選擇。a.名詞的選擇，應(yīng)聯(lián)系文章主題及空格前后出現(xiàn)的有關(guān)詞，注意其性和數(shù)的一致。b.動(dòng)詞的選擇，要注意詞義和慣用搭配，還要區(qū)分近義詞之間的用法差異及所給詞的形式?？紤]動(dòng)詞

17、的時(shí) 態(tài)、語態(tài)和是否是要填入非謂語動(dòng)詞。c.介詞的選擇，應(yīng)注意其慣用法，特別是與動(dòng)詞或其他詞組成的固定搭配。d.代詞的選擇，要注意性（男或女卜數(shù)（單復(fù)數(shù)卜格（主格、賓格、形代、名代）是否準(zhǔn)確。e.連詞的選擇，要注意分析前后句或上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。f.形容詞和副詞的選擇，要注意詞義的區(qū)別，用于比較時(shí)，還要注意比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)等。例如： A man and his wife had a small bar（酒吧）near a station. They often worked late into the night , （D _ people came to drink there while th

18、ey were trains. At two o'clock one morning , one man was still at a table in the small bar. He was asleep. The bar man's wife wanted to leave. She looked _ the barseveral times, and each time the man was there, Then at last she went to her husband and said to him , "You that man six tim

19、es , George , he isn't drinking anything?"? A.as soon asB.becauseC.soD.though A.catching up withB.getting onC.looking afterD.waiting for A.atB.forC.intoD.out of A.alwaysB.oftenC.stillD.already A.have wokenB.wakeC.had wokenD.will wake A.andB.butC.yetD.too五、【實(shí)例講解】【例 1】Last year I bought some

20、flower pots 耽盆）.I didn ' t _41_ them at once. One day, I went to a shop _42 some flower seeds（中子）.Then I put them into a pot with soil （土壤）andwatered them. For a few days,43 happened. I went on watching. On the 44 day, Ifinally saw the seeds develop and felt so 45.Our life is sometimes like an 4

21、6 flower pot with nothing inside. Our days are filled withlots of different things. We usually don' t do them thi47theywe' re not very important.But 48 we find that some important things are gone. Those things we lose in life are seeds ofhope, love and dreams.Planting fun in hearts is just l

22、ike _49 flowers. The seeds of fun in hearts will develop as the seeds of flowers. So if I plant 50 of hope, I can expect something wonderful. （2012 年昆明市 學(xué)業(yè)水平考試）（）41. A. makeB. useC. buy( )42. A. for( )43. A. everything( )44. A. tenth( )45. A. worried( )46. A. big( )47. A. so( )48. A. when)49. A.keep

23、ing( )50. A. seedsB. byB. somethingB. tenB. happyB. colorfulB. thatB. afterB. growingB. soilC. withoutC. nothingC. twelveC. tiredC. emptyC. becauseC. laterC. wateringC. pots【例 2】Different things usually stand for different feelings. Red, for example, is the color of fire, heat, blood andlife. People

24、 say red is an exciting and active color. They associate(使發(fā)生聯(lián)系)red with a strong feeling like1. Red is used for signs of 2 , such as STOP signs and fire engines. Orange is the bright, warm color of 3_ in autumn. People say orange is a 4 color. They associate orange with happiness. Yellow is the colo

25、r of5 . People say it is a cheerful color. They associate yellow too, with happiness. Green is the cool color of grass in 6 . People say it is a refreshing color. In general, people 7 two groups of colors: warm colors and cool colors. The warm colors are red, orange and 8 . Where there are warm colo

26、r and a lot of light, people usually want to be 9 . Those who like to be with _10 like red. The cool colors are _11 and blue. Where are these colors, people are usually worried. Some scientists say that time seems to _12 more slowly in a room with warm colors. They suggest that a warm color is a goo

27、d _13 for a living room or a 14 . People who are having a rest or are eating do not want time to pass quickly. _1 5 colors are better for some offices if the people working there want time to pass quickly.()1. A. sadnessB. angerC. administrationD. smile()2. A. roadsB. waysC.dangerD. places()3. A. la

28、ndB. leavesC. grassD. mountains()4. A. livelyB. darkC. noisyD. frightening()5. A. moonlightB. lightC. sunlightD. stars()6. A. summerB. springC. autumnD. winter()7. A. speakB. sayC. talk aboutD. tell()8. A. greenB. yellowC. whiteD. gray()9. A. calmB. sleepyC. activeD. helpful()10. A. the otherB. anot

29、herC. other oneD. others()11. A. blackB. greenC. goldenD. yellow()12. A. go roundB. go byC. go offD. go along()13. A. oneB. wayC. factD. matter()14. A. factoryB. classroomC. restaurantD. hospital()15. A. DifferentB. CoolC. WarmD. All完形填空專題練習(xí)練習(xí)題(1)When I was fifteen I went to a summer camp. There wer

30、e lots of great 90 but there was one thing I was really scared (害怕)about: climbing the wall.The wall is a kind of rock that people use to learn how to climb. It is very tall. We were all supposed to climb the wall, but I knew I couldn' t get to the top becauseiglam. I wasashamed and I didn '

31、 t want anyone to know that I was scared. I thought they would all laugh at me. I practiced my excuse:" I ' m not scared, ycsufnowom vertigo (患眩暈癥).”The day came. It was time to climb the wall. The sun was shining but everyone was very quiet that morning. I took photographs at the bottom of

32、 the wall and tried to 92 . Everyone in the group went up. Then the moment came. It was my turn. I was so scared that all I could think about was my excuse. Someone said,“Shall I take your camera? ” and I answered, “I ' m not jknow. I suffer from vertigo"93 Theas that I was more than scared

33、, I wasterrified (嚇壞了 ).The camp leader said,"Don' t worry, you don ' t have to do anything you don ' t want todo. ” I was surprised. Everyone was understanding. No on94 .The next day, the leader asked me if I wanted to try the wall on my own, 95 the others watching. Although I was

34、still very nervous I agreed and climbed slowly to the top with his help. I was still shaking when I came 96, but I was really happy and relieved too. For me, climbing the wall was a real achievement. (2008 上海中考試卷 完形填空)()90. A. activitiesB. operationsC. accidentsD. exams()91. A. poor atB. good atC. a

35、fraid ofD. fond of()92. A. goB. hideC. appearD. run()93. A. truthB. situationC. storyD. reason()94. A. jumpedB. cheeredC. smiledD. laughed()95. A. withB. withoutC. amongD. behind()96. A. inB. outC. upD. down練習(xí)題(2)Every day cars kill or hurt many people on roads. Sometimes the drivers drive too fast

36、or do not, drive carefully enough. Some of them 85 the traffic rules and cause accidents.According to some researches, it is usually th甲edestrians(行人)who cause the accidents. A lot of road users are very careless. They walk or run across the roads 86 the cars. They walk in the roads but not on the w

37、alkways. They get into or out of cars in the middle of the road. Some do not take the trouble to 87 the green lights and simply cross the roads against the red lights.Many people think accidents often happen in busy roads in large cities, but this is not always true. 88 , Tokyo is one of the world &

38、#39; s largest cities and probably one of the busiewtevitie,s; there are _89accidents to pedestrians. The reason is that the police there are very strict and the pedestrians are very careful. Pedestrians never cross against a red light and they90 followtraffic rules.Do you know alcohol (酒精)is anothe

39、r main cause of traffic accidents? It delays people ' s response. Those who have drunk alcohol are 91 in making decisions. They need a few more seconds toreact (反應(yīng)).Alcohol drinking is especially dangerous for motor car drivers. It is not only drivers who may have accidents after drinking. Drunk

40、en pedestriansmay put their lives in danger as well. (2010上海中考試卷 完形填空) ()85. A. makeB. breakC. followD. remember()86.A.at the end of()87.A.turn on()88.A.In addition()89.A.few()90.A.even()91.A.slowB. in the centre ofB. worry aboutB. For exampleB. manyB. neverB. activeC. on top ofC. wait forC. By the

41、wayC.enoughC. almostC. interestedD. in front ofD. point outD. On the other handD. someD. alwaysD. excited練習(xí)題(3)Cartoon films have very few limits(限制).If you can draw something, you can make it J onthe cinema screen. The use of new ideas and modern computer programs means that cartoons are becoming e

42、xciting again for people of 2 ages.By 1970, the cinema world had decided that cartoons were 3 for children.But soon after that, one or two film makers had some new ideas. They proved that it was _4 to make films in which both grown-ups and children could enjoy them.However, 5 cartoon film was succes

43、sful. The Black Cauldron, for example, failed, mainlybecause it was too 6 for children and too childish for grown-ups. Film makers learnt from this mistake, and then cartoons were welcomed by both children and grown-ups and 7 the film companies began to make large amounts of money.()1. A. arriveB. s

44、tayC. standD. move()2. A. someB. eitherC. allD. both()3. A. neverB. onlyC. stillD. already()4. A. possibleB. difficultC. completeD. interesting()5. A. not everyB. none of theC. eachD. neither of the()6. A. interestingB. popularC. relaxingD. frightening()7. A. onceB. howeverC. againD. also練習(xí)題(4)The n

45、ame of Daniel W川iams has been known to the black people in the United States for many years. He became a 1 in Chicago in 1883. After graduating, he taught at Northwestern University ' s medical school. He was asked by the president of the United States, GCveeland, to go to Washington, D.C., to h

46、ead the Freedmen' s Hospital. It was one ofthe few hospitals for blacks in the country 2 .He went back to Chicago to help to set up Provident Hospital. _3it opened, Chicago ' sblack doctors could not practice in hospitals. They had to treat patients_4, so operations were performed on beds an

47、d kitchen tables. Dr. Williams also helped to set up a training school in Chicago for black nurses.In 1893 he operated on a man who was dying from a stab wound in the heart. Such a woundhad always 5 death. But Dr. W川iams tried to save the man. 6 X-ray or blood transfusions (輸血)，he opened the man 

48、9; s chesevaed up (修補(bǔ))his heart. Everything went on well with the bold (大膽的)operation. The man 7 .()1.A.headmaster()2.A.at that time()3.A.After()4.A.in the office()5.A.shown()6.A.According toB. managerB. in the pastB. BeforeB. in the schoolB. explainedB. Instead ofC. doctorC. a moment agoC. WhenC. i

49、n the universityC. meantC. Because ofD. nurseD. just thenD. As soon asD. at homeD. describedD. Without()7. A. diedB. livedC. became strong D. got badly hurt練習(xí)題(5)Every year students in many countries learn English. Some of these students are children, _1_ students are young people. Why do all these

50、people want to learn_2_? It is not_3_to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school. It is one of their _4_. Many people learn English because it is_5_in their work. Some young people learn English_6_their higher studies because some of their books are_7_English. Other people l

51、earn English because they want to _8_newspapers in English. Some people learn English because they want to _9_ in the USA, England or Australia. English is very_10_in our life (生活).()1.A.allB.the otherC. bothD.other()2. A. EnglishB.ChineseC.mathsD.Japanese()3.A.hardB.easyC.goodD.nice()4.A.booksB.cla

52、ssesC.schoolsD. subjects 科目)()5. A. goodB.useful （有用的）C.fineD.pleased()6.A.forB.ofC.toD.from()7.A.inB.withC.atD.of()8.A.lookB.seeC.look atD.read()9.A.goB.workC.likeD.come()10. A. helpB.helpingC.helpsD.helpful練習(xí)題(6)Once, a king showed two men a large basket in the garden. He told them to 1ll it with

53、water from a well. After they _1_ their work, he left them, saying,“When the sun is down, I will conand see your work. ”At last one of them said,“What' the use of doing this foolish work? We can 2 fill thebasket. ” 3_ man answered “That is none of your business. " The first man said. "

54、You you like, but I am not going to work at 4 so foolish. " He his bucket and went away. Theother man said no word, and kept on carrying _6_. At last the well was almost 7_ .As he poured the last bucket of water into the basket, he saw a bright thing in it. He picked it up.It was a beautiful go

55、ld ring. Just then the king came. 8一 he saw the ring, he knew that he had found the kind of man he wanted. He told him to keep the r ing for himself. _9_ so well in this little thing, “ heis0_id,nowknow I can believe you with many things.”()1.A.finishedB.didC.beganD. had()2.A.everB.neverC. easilyD.n

56、o()3.A.The otherB.AnotherC.OneD.A second()4. A. anythingB. somethingC.nothingD. everything()5. A. picked upB.put awayC. took awayD. threw away()6.A.waterB.basketC.wellD.work()7.A.fullB.emptyC.filledD.clean()8.A.WhileB.As soon asC.BeforeD.Since()9.A.have doneB.will doC.doD.are doing()10. A. whatB. whyC.whenD.that練習(xí)題(7)Someone sa