高中英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞命題陷阱詳解及強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練

1、本資料來(lái)源于大家網(wǎng)高考英語(yǔ)論壇高中英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞命題陷阱詳解及強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練1重難點(diǎn)講解：a cook will b高考資源網(wǎng)e immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen.  a. smoke        b. smoking     c. to smoke    d. smoked w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m_ the house on fire, he dialed 911.a

2、. to see       b. seeing       c. seen         d. having seen1. everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _ a good college.a. enter          

3、60;                 b. to enterc. entering                        d. entered陷阱：容易誤選a。有的同學(xué)一看到空格前的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 coul

4、d 就斷定此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形 enter。分析：其實(shí)正確答案應(yīng)是b。此句為省略句，即在 could 后省略了動(dòng)詞 do，若把句子補(bǔ)完整應(yīng)為everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中的不定式短語(yǔ)（to enter a good college）是用作目的狀語(yǔ)的，而不是與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（could）一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏搭愃评洌海?） they did what they could to comfort her. 他們盡量安慰她。（2） they did eve

5、rything they could to save her life. 他們盡一切力量拯救她的性命。（3） he studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 他拼命學(xué)習(xí)以便趕上他的同學(xué)。值得指出的是，這也并不是說(shuō)今后只要遇到類似結(jié)構(gòu)的題就一定選帶to不定式。請(qǐng)看以下試題：（4） he ran as fast as he could _ to catch the early bus.a. to hope         

6、0;              b. hopec. hoping                         d. hoped此題的答案是 c不是a，其中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ) hoping to catch the early bu

7、s 用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。（5） he spent every minute he could _ spoken english.a. practise                        b. to practise w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mc. practising       

8、              d. practised此題答案選 c，這與前面動(dòng)詞 spent 的搭配有關(guān)，即 spend （in） doing sth。若將此句補(bǔ)充完整，即為 he spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken english.（6） before going abroad he devoted all he could _d_ his oral english.a. improve&#

9、160;                      b. to improvec. improving                     d. to improving此題答案選d，注

10、意兩點(diǎn)：一是 devote to 是固定搭配，意為“把貢獻(xiàn)給”；二是其中的 to 是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞。2. he knows nothing about it, so he cant help _ any of your work. a. doing                           b. to

11、 doc. being doing                   d. to be done陷阱：容易誤選b，根據(jù) cant help doing sth 這一結(jié)構(gòu)推出。分析：其實(shí)答案應(yīng)選a。比較以下結(jié)構(gòu)：cant help to do sth = 不能幫助做某事cant help doing sth = 禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事又如下面一題，答案也是 b：she cant help _ the hous

12、e because shes busy making a cake.a cleaning                        b. to clean w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mc. cleaned            

13、0;           d. being cleaned再請(qǐng)看以下試題：while shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need.a. to persuade                   b

14、. persuadingc. being persuaded            d. be persuaded此題應(yīng)選c，句中的 cant help 意為“禁不住”（注意根據(jù)句意用被動(dòng)形式）。3. all her time _ experiments, she has no time for films.a. devoted to do            &#

15、160;   b. devoted to doingc. devoting to doing          d. is devoted to doing陷阱：幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。分析：此題最佳答案為b?，F(xiàn)分析如下：（1） devote 意為“致力于，獻(xiàn)身于”，主要用 devoteto或be devoted to，其中的to 是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，故后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞，不用不定式。（2） 選a錯(cuò)誤：若將 do 改為 doing 則可以。（3） 選b正確：all her tim

16、e devoted to doing experiments為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，用作狀語(yǔ)。（4） 選c錯(cuò)誤：因?yàn)閍ll her time 與 devote 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)將devoting改為devoted。（5） 選d錯(cuò)誤：若單獨(dú)看 all her time is devoted to doing experiments，此句并沒(méi)有錯(cuò)，但問(wèn)題是逗號(hào)前后兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句沒(méi)有必要的連接方式，所以從整體上看仍不對(duì)，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，則可選d，或?qū)將中的is 改為 being也可選它。請(qǐng)做以下類似題（答案均選a）：（1） all the preparations for the proj

17、ect _, were ready to start. a. completed                       b. have been completedc. had been completed          d. been completed w.w.w.k.s.5

18、.u.c.o.m（2） such _ the case, i couldnt help but_ him.a. being, support                  b. was, support  c. has been, supporting         d. is, to support比較以下各題，答案選b，因?yàn)榫渲?/p>

19、使用了并列連詞and：（1） all the preparations for the project _, and were ready to start. a. completed                       b. have been completedc. had been completed     &#

20、160;    d. been completed（2） such _ the case, i couldnt help but_ him.a. being, support                  b. was, support  c. has been, supporting         d

21、. is, to support4. the purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult.a. not make                         b. not to makec. not making   

22、0;                  d. do not make陷阱：容易誤選c，受題干中的逗號(hào)的影響，認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)在分詞表結(jié)果的用法。分析：其實(shí)答案應(yīng)選b，句中的逗號(hào)相當(dāng)于連詞 and 或 but，not to make it more difficult 是對(duì)逗號(hào)前的不定式 to make life easier 的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。此句的意思是“新技術(shù)的目的是為了使生活變得更容易，而不是使生活變得更困難”。兩個(gè)不定式同時(shí)用以說(shuō)明

23、句子主語(yǔ) purpose 的內(nèi)容。請(qǐng)做以下類似試題（答案選b）：w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mthe purpose of the scheme is not to help the employers but _ work for young people. a. provide                          

24、; b. to providec. providing                         d. provided5. the murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back.a. to be tied      

25、60;               b. being tiedc. tied                              d. having tied陷阱：

26、容易誤選b。分析：最佳答案為c。從意義上看，hands 與 tie 的關(guān)系應(yīng)屬被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除d。在a、b、c三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選項(xiàng)a比較容易排除，因?yàn)椴欢ㄊ奖硎緦?lái)意義，在此與語(yǔ)境不符?，F(xiàn)將b和c作一比較：b為現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式，它表示兩層意義，一是表被動(dòng)，二是表進(jìn)行，也就是說(shuō) his hands being tied 的實(shí)際意思是“他的手正在被捆住”，這顯然與語(yǔ)境不符。而c為過(guò)去分詞，它也表示兩層意義，一是表被動(dòng)，二是表示動(dòng)詞的完成或完成后的狀態(tài)，此句中的 with his hands tied behind his back 可視為手被捆在背后的一種狀態(tài)。由此可知最佳答案為c。請(qǐng)看下面一題：an

27、yone _ trying to take knives on heard flights would be caught by the police. a. finds                               b. foundc. being found  

28、                   d. will find答案選b而不選c，其中的過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)和完成。比較下面兩題，最佳答案是d不是a，現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)和進(jìn)行：（1） the court hears about 120 cases a year; visitors are welcome to see a case _.a. argued     &#

29、160;                      b. to be arguedc. to be arguing                   d. being argued（2） the silenc

30、e of the library was sometimes broken by an occasional cough or by the sound of pages _.a. turned                             b. having turnedc. to be turned

31、60;                    d. being turned6. remind me _ the medicine tomorrow. a. of taking                   

32、60;     b. taking w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mc. to take                            d. take陷阱：容易誤選a。受 remind sb of （doing） sth 這一常用結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。分析：最佳答案為c。比較以下三個(gè)結(jié)

33、構(gòu)：remind sb of about sth = 使某人想起某事remind sb of doing sth = 提醒某人做過(guò)某事（暗示動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）remind sb to do sth = 提醒某人去做某事（暗示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生）請(qǐng)看兩個(gè)例句：i reminded him of his promise. 我提醒他做過(guò)的諾言。 my wife reminded me of seeing that film. 我妻子提醒我曾經(jīng)看過(guò)那部電影。can you remind me to phone her tomorrow? 你明天能否提醒我給她打電話?7. once your business be

34、comes international, _ constantly will be part of your life.a. you fly                            b. your flightc. flight       &#

35、160;                       d. flying陷阱：幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。分析： 最佳答案為d。由于空格后出現(xiàn)了constantly這一副詞，這就說(shuō)明不能選b或c，因?yàn)閎、c均為名詞，不能受副詞 constantly 的修飾。a和d均是可能的，因?yàn)槠渲杏袆?dòng)詞 fly。但若選a，you fly 是一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，與其后的謂語(yǔ) will be 相沖突，所以

36、只能選d，即動(dòng)名詞flying在此用作主語(yǔ)。8. not only should you get used _ under difficult conditions but you also you pay more attention _ your work well. a. to work, to do                 b. to working, to doingc. to work, to doing  

37、;     d. to working, to do陷阱：容易誤選a，認(rèn)為兩個(gè)空白處均應(yīng)填不定式。分析： 正確答案為b，因?yàn)?get used to與pay attention to 這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中的to均為介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，故后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞，不能動(dòng)詞原形。類似地，以下各結(jié)構(gòu)中的 to 也是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)也應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞，而不是動(dòng)詞原形：look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事be opposed to doing sth 反對(duì)做某事object to doing sth反對(duì)做某事w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c

38、.o.mstick to doing sth 堅(jiān)持做某事get down to doing sth 開(kāi)始做某事take to doing sth 喜歡上做某事admit to doing 承認(rèn)做了某事pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事devote ones time to doing sth 把某人的時(shí)間用于（奉獻(xiàn)于）做某事be equal to doing sth 等于做某事，能勝任做某事what do you say to doing sth 你認(rèn)為做某事怎么樣9. both of my parents insisted _ a computer for me

39、, but i dont think it is necessary.a. to buy                          b. buyingc. on buying              

40、       d. in buying陷阱：容易誤選b，誤認(rèn)為insist后不能接不定式，但可以接動(dòng)名詞。分析：答案應(yīng)選c。其實(shí)，動(dòng)詞 insist 后既不能接不定式也不能接動(dòng)名詞，因?yàn)閕nsist 通常用作不及物動(dòng)詞；若語(yǔ)義上需接賓語(yǔ)，要借助介詞 on或upon，即用于 insist on upon （doing） sth；但它有時(shí)的確也可用作及物動(dòng)詞，不過(guò)其賓語(yǔ)通常只能是 that 從句，而不能是普通的名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。如：he insisted on seeing her home. 他堅(jiān)持送她回家。i insisted th

41、at he （should） stay. 我堅(jiān)持要他留下。10. “do you have anything more _, sir?” “no. you can have a rest or do something else.”a. typing                             b. to

42、be typedc. typed                              d. to type陷阱：容易誤選d，根據(jù) have sth to do 這一常用結(jié)構(gòu)推出。分析：最佳答案是b。確實(shí)，在“have+賓語(yǔ)+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，用作定語(yǔ)的不定式通常用主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義，如 i have so

43、me clothes to wash等，即盡管其中的 some clothes 與其后的不定式 to wash 具有被動(dòng)關(guān)系，但卻習(xí)慣上用主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義。但值得指出的是，這類句型的主語(yǔ)與其后的不定式具有主動(dòng)關(guān)系，如 i have some clothes to wash 中的 to wash 就是由該句主語(yǔ) i 來(lái)完成的。而上面一題的情形有所不同，即其中的 to type 這一動(dòng)作不是由句子主語(yǔ) you來(lái)完成的，而是由說(shuō)話者“我”來(lái)完成的。比較：are you going to shanghai? do you have anything to take to your son? 你要去上

44、海嗎？你有什么東西要帶給你兒子嗎？im going to shanghai next week. i have a lot of things to take with me. 下個(gè)星期我要去上海，我隨身要帶很多東西去。11. she took her son, ran out of the house, _ him in the car and drove quickly to the nearest doctors office. a. put            &#

45、160;                 b. to put w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mc. putting                         d. having put陷阱

46、：容易誤選b或c，誤認(rèn)為這考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。分析：正確答案選a。句中的took, ran, put, drove 為四并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，其時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)一致。類似地如（答案選a）：i got out of the taxi, _ the fare and dashed into the station.a. paid                        

47、     b. payingc. to pay                          d. having paid但是，下面一題稍有不同：hearing the news, he rushed out, _ the book _ on the table and disappeared into

48、the distance. a. left; lain open                b. leaving; lying openc. leaving; lie opened         d. left; lay opened此題答案選b，leaving 在此表結(jié)果，lying open 與其前的動(dòng)詞leave有關(guān)，leave 后接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，

49、表示使某人或某物處于做某事的狀態(tài)中。12. the boss insisted that every minute _ made full use of _ the work well.a. be, to do                      b. was, doingc. be, doing       &

50、#160;              d. was, to do陷阱：容易誤選b。分析：其實(shí)正確答案是a。分析如下：（1） 第一空填 be，是因?yàn)閕nsisted 后接that從句，從句謂語(yǔ)要用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其中的should也可省略。（2） 第二空要填to do，是因?yàn)榇司渲^語(yǔ)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，假若將此句轉(zhuǎn)換成主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，則是 should make full use of every minute to do the work well, 句

51、中涉及 make use of to do sth （利用做某事）這一結(jié)構(gòu)。另外，還有 make the most of （盡量利用），make the best of （盡量利用）等短語(yǔ)也可能用于此類試題。請(qǐng)看以下類似例子：（1） the old professor told us every part of the materials should be made use of _ the power station.a. to build            

52、0;           b. buildingc. build                            d. built此題答案選 a，不是 b。為便于理解，可先考慮以下結(jié)構(gòu)：make use of every p

53、art of the materials to build the power station由此可見(jiàn)，make use of 的賓語(yǔ)是 every part of the materials，其后的不定式 to build the power station 為目的狀語(yǔ)。（2） does the way you thought of _ the water clean make any sense?a. making               

54、;          b. to make w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mc. how to make                d. having made 【典型例題】1. he looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. a.

55、put                                b. to be puttingc. to put              &

56、#160;              d. putting2. when youre learning to drive, _ a good teacher makes a big difference. a. have                     

57、;         b. havingc. and have                        d. and having3. i felt it a great honour _ to speak to you.a. to ask    

58、;                        b. askingc. to be asked                     d. having asked4

59、. i would love _ to the party last night but i had to work extra hours to finish a report. a. to go                              b. to have gonec. going

60、60;                            d. having gone5. before you decide to leave your job, _ the effect it will have on your family. a. consider    

61、60;                    b. consideringc. to consider                     d. considered6. robert is said _

62、abroad, but i dont know what country he studied in.a. to have studied                b. to study c. to be studying                 d. to have bee

63、n studying7. it is said that in australia there is more land than the government knows _. a. it what to do with            b. what to do it withc. what to do with it            d. to do what

64、 with it8. anyone _ bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police.a. seen carry                      b. seen carryingc. saw to carry         

65、60;         d. saw carrying9. mr reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ some schools for poor children. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.ma. set up                    

66、;        b. setting upc. have set up                     d. having set up10. the discovery of new evidence led to _. a. the thief having caught   

67、0; b. catch the thiefc. the thief being caught      d. the thief to be caught11. she looks forward every spring to _ the flower-lined garden. a. visit                     

68、;          b. paying a visitc. walk in                           d. walking in12. to test eggs, _ them in a bowl of water: if

69、 they float theyre bad, if they sink theyre good. a. put                                b. puttingc. to put      &#

70、160;                      d. to be putting13. “where is david?” “he is upstairs _ ready to go out.”a. to get              

71、60;              b. gettingc. to be getting                   d. having got14. “mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day?” “_ enough p

72、rotein and nutrition as you are growing up.”a. get                                b. gettingc. to get       &#

73、160;                    d. to be getting15. he was reading his book, completely _ to the world. a. lost                 

74、               b. losingc. to lose                            d. to have lost16. we looked ever

75、ywhere for the keys, but they are nowhere _.a. to find                            b. to have foundc. to be found         

76、;            d. being found17. the boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _.a. not to                     

77、60;       b. not to doc. not do it                         d. do not do18. a cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. a. smoke&

78、#160;                           b. smokingc. to smoke                   

79、60;    d. smoked19. finding her car stolen, _. a. a policeman was asked to help  b. the area was searching thoroughlyc. it was looked for everywhered. she hurried to a policeman for help w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m20. “how do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the cus

80、tomers?” “the key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers.”a. to solving, making           b. to solving, madec. to solve, making              d. to solve, made21. “what

81、do you think made mary so upset?” “_ her new bike.”a. as she lost                     b. lostc. losing                &#

82、160;          d. because of losing22. the research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.a. begins                      

83、60;     b. having begunc. beginning                       d. begun23. though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university. a. lacked    

84、0;                       b. lacking ofc. lacking                       

85、0;   d. lacked in24. tony was very unhappy for _ to the party.a. having not been invited    b. not having invited  c. having not invited            d. not having been invited25. though i have often heard this song _

86、. i have never heard you _ it.a. being sung, sang             b. sang, singingc. sung, sing                      d. to be sung, to sing

87、答案與解析：1. 選d。catch sb doing sth 意為“碰上某人在做某事”或“逮住某人做某事”。2. 選b。這是一個(gè)含when 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句，having a good teacher 在主句中用作主語(yǔ)。3. 選c。句中的 it 為形式主語(yǔ)，不定式 to be asked to speak to you 為真正主語(yǔ)，因“我”與ask為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)式。4. 選 b。like 和 love后接不定式或動(dòng)名詞均可，但 would love / like 后只能接不定式，據(jù)此可排除選項(xiàng) c、d。表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，其后要接不定式完成式，即選 b。5. 選a，bef

88、ore 引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，填空句為主句，而此主句為一祈使句，故動(dòng)詞用原形。其中 it will have 為修飾名詞 the effect 的賓語(yǔ)從句。6. 選 a。根據(jù)句中的 studied 可知，他曾到國(guó)外留過(guò)學(xué)，也就是說(shuō)“留學(xué)”這個(gè)動(dòng)作已結(jié)束并發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作（is said）之前，故用完成式，即選 a。7. 選 c。do with 與 what 連用可以表示“處置”、“放置”、“利用”等。如：what shall i do with it? 怎樣處置它好呢? w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mwhat have you done with my umbrella? 你把我的雨傘放

89、到哪里去了?i dont know what to do with this strange object. 我不知道這怪東西有什么用。8. 選b。anyone seen carrying bags為 anyone who was seen carrying bags 之略，其中過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ) seen carrying bags 用作定語(yǔ)修飾代詞 anyone。另外，句中的 who was seen carrying bags 為 see sb doing sth 這一結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)式。9. 選 b。devoteto 的意思是“把貢獻(xiàn)給”或“致力于”，其中 to 是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，若后接動(dòng)詞

90、要用動(dòng)名詞。句中的 he had 為定語(yǔ)從句，用以修飾 all，注意不將 had to 視為同一個(gè)語(yǔ)義結(jié)構(gòu)。10. 選 c。lead to 意為“導(dǎo)致”，其中的 to 是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，若后接動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞。由于邏輯主語(yǔ) the thief 與catch 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故答案選 c。11. 選 d。look forward to 意為“期盼”，其中 to 是介詞，后接動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞。注意不能選 b，因?yàn)?pay a visit 不能帶 the flower-lined garden 作賓語(yǔ)，假若在 paying a visit 后加上介詞 to，則可選 b。12. 選a。句首的 to te

91、st eggs 為目的狀語(yǔ)，填空句為祈使句謂語(yǔ)，故要用動(dòng)詞原形。13. 選b?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)表伴隨。14. 選c。to get enough protein and nutrition 表目的。15. 選a。（be） lost to sth 為習(xí)語(yǔ)，意為“不再受某事物的影響”、“將某事物置之度外”。16. 選c。因keys 與 find 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。17. 選 a。不定式的否定式總是將否定詞 not 置于不定式符號(hào) to 之前，而不能置于其后，同時(shí)結(jié)合 tell sb （not） to do sth 這一結(jié)構(gòu)可排除選項(xiàng) c、d。當(dāng)不定式的動(dòng)詞是前面已出現(xiàn)過(guò)的相同的動(dòng)詞時(shí)，為避免重復(fù)，通常省略該不

92、定式而只保留不定式符號(hào) to。18. 選 b。find 后可接現(xiàn)在分詞（表示動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行）或過(guò)去分詞（表被動(dòng)關(guān)系）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，但是不接不定式。另外，由于he 與 smoke 是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選 b。19. 選 d。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子主語(yǔ)。比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，finding her car stolen 的邏輯主語(yǔ)顯然是 she，而不是 a policeman, the area, it 等，故選 d。20. 選 b。the key to 意為“的關(guān)鍵”，其中的 to 是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，若后接動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞。另一方面，名詞 demand 與 make 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系（make demands 提出要求），同時(shí)根據(jù)句中的 by the customers，可確