初中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)總復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)之初中英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)講解考標(biāo)解讀 1.了解被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法，重點(diǎn)掌握 四種時(shí)態(tài)及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成2.掌握被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種特殊形式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本用法被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本用法 當(dāng)句子的當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的形式是的形式是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的作的承受者承受者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過(guò)通過(guò)be表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。 何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)呢？何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)呢？ 一、行為主體不明確，不必說(shuō)出或者無(wú)法一、行為主體不明確，不必說(shuō)出或者無(wú)法說(shuō)出動(dòng)

2、作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如：說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動(dòng)作的二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如：執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： my bike was stolen我的自行車被盜了。我的自行車被盜了。 三、漢語(yǔ)中含有三、漢語(yǔ)中含有“據(jù)說(shuō)據(jù)說(shuō)”、“據(jù)悉據(jù)悉”、“有人說(shuō)有人說(shuō)”、“大家說(shuō)大家說(shuō)”等時(shí)。例如：等時(shí)。例如： it is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and it was reported that her moth

3、er died of sars.眾所周知眾所周知 it is well known that 據(jù)推測(cè)說(shuō)據(jù)推測(cè)說(shuō) it is supposed that 四、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如：四、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如： he was born in october，1989 時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)v(原形原形)/ v(e)sam/is/are +vpp一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)v-edwas/were +vpp一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)will +v(原形原形)will+ be +vpp現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has vpphave/has been +v

4、pp含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ v(原原形形)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be +vpp要點(diǎn)突破 1.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成 1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：you are invited to do this.2）一般過(guò)去時(shí)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)：the story was told by her.3）一般將來(lái)時(shí)：一般將來(lái)時(shí)：the problem will be discussed tomorrow.4)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： thousands of trees have been planted in our city. 5)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞： the

5、rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.1.1.一般可變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞為一般可變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞為及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞2.2.bebe動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)可根據(jù)人稱人稱、時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)、數(shù)數(shù)進(jìn)行變化進(jìn)行變化. .3.3.不特別強(qiáng)調(diào)不特別強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者時(shí)，時(shí)，byby短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)( (即即 byby和后面的賓語(yǔ)和后面的賓語(yǔ)) )一般可以省略一般可以省略注意事項(xiàng)：注意事項(xiàng)：1. 1.感官動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞( (hear, see, watch, feel, notice等等) )和使役動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞( (let ,make have等等) )在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)

6、態(tài)中后接不帶態(tài)中后接不帶toto的動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞不定式, ,但是改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)但是改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí), , 把把toto加在動(dòng)詞原形之前加在動(dòng)詞原形之前. .they made the boys work 12 hours a day.-the boys were made _12 hours a day.we often see him go for a walk by the river.-he is often seen _for a walk by the river.要點(diǎn)突破 2被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種特殊形式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種特殊形式to workto go2.帶雙賓語(yǔ)的句子有兩種改法帶雙賓語(yǔ)的句

7、子有兩種改法: 一般情況下把指人的一般情況下把指人的賓語(yǔ)作為被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)作為被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ).當(dāng)把直接賓語(yǔ)物作為主語(yǔ)時(shí)，當(dāng)把直接賓語(yǔ)物作為主語(yǔ)時(shí)，要加介詞要加介詞to,如如give, bring, pass, read, teach, show等。等。加加for的動(dòng)詞有的動(dòng)詞有buy, sing, make, leave，mend等等1.he gave me a book.-a book _me by him.2.toms father bought him a book.-a book _ him by his father.was given towas bought for 3. 主動(dòng)句

8、中含有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)句子的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)句中含有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)句子的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài): :把人變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)把人變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ) mother told me not to be late. i was told not to be late by mother. i saw mother planting flowers in the garden. mother was seen planting flowers in the garden.4. 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) i can take good care of the baby.-the baby can be taken good care of.

9、we should speak to the old politely.-the old should be spoken to politely. the rain stopped.不及物動(dòng)詞（不及物動(dòng)詞（vi.)不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。happen, take place ,appear, disappear, belong to ,break out (爆發(fā)）爆發(fā)）5.不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況 a traffic accident _(happen) just now.happened2. 連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞（link.v.)不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become peking opera _ (sound