初二年級（下）英語知識點總結(jié)

1、初二英語（下）【知識梳理】 I. 重點短語1. on time2. out of3. all by oneself4. lots of5. no longer6. get back7. sooner or later8. run away9. eat up10. take care of11. turn off 12. turn on13. after a while 14. make faces 15. teach oneself 16. fall off17. play the piano18. knock at19. to ones surprise 20. look up21. enj

2、oy oneself 22. help yourself23. tell a story / stories24. leave.behind 25. come along 26. hold a sports meeting 27. be neck and neck28. as . as29. not so / as . as30. do ones best31. take part in32. a moment late33. Bad luck!34. fall behind35. high jump36. long jump37. relay race38. well done!39. ta

3、ke off40. as usual41. a pair of42. at once43. hurry off44. come to oneself45. after a while46. knock on47. take care of48. at the moment49. set off50. here and there51. on watch52. look out53. take ones placeII. 重要句型1. Wed better not do sth.2. leave one. oneself3. find ones way to a place4. stand on

4、 ones head5. make sb. Happy6. catch up with sb.7. pass on sth. to somebody8. spend time doing sth.9. go on doing sth.10. get on well with sb.11. be angry with sb.12. be fed up with sth.13. notuntil14. make room for sb.III. 交際用語1. Were all by ourselves.2. I fell a little afraid.3. Dont be afraid.4. H

5、elp!5. Cant you hear anything?6. I cant hear anything / anybody there.7. Maybe its a tiger.8. Lets get it back before they eat the food.9. Did she learn all by herself?10. Could she swim when she was years old?11. She didnt hurt herself.12. He couldnt buy himself many nice things.13. Did he enjoy hi

6、mself?14. Help yourselves.15. Bad luck!16. Come on!17. Well done! Congratulations (to)!18. It must be very interesting.19. I dont think youll like it.20. It seems to be an interesting book.21. Im sure (that) Im not sure if Im not sure what to22. I hope so.23. What was he/she drawing when?24. Im sorr

7、y to trouble you.25. Would you please?26. What were you doing at ten oclock yesterday morning?27. You look tired today.28. Youd better go to bed early tonight, if you can.29. How kind!30. Lets move the bag, or it may cause an accident.31. Its really nice of you.32. Dont mention it.33. Dont crowd aro

8、und him.IV. 重要語法1. 不定代詞/副詞的使用； 2. 反身代詞的用法；3. 并列句；4. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級；5. 冠詞的用法；6. 動詞的過去實行時；【名師講解】1. bring/takeBring表示“帶來、拿來”，指從別處朝說話人所在或?qū)⒃诘牡胤健皫?、拿來”。而take則表示“拿去、帶走”，它表示的方向與bring相反，指從說話人所在地“拿走、帶走”。如：Bring me the book, please. 把那本書給我拿來。Take some food to the old man. 給那位老人帶去些食物。2. somebody/ anybody/nobody 一般

9、說來，somebody用于定句，anybody用于否定句、疑問句和條件狀語從句。例如： Somebody came to see you when you were out. 你出來時有人來見你。 Does anybody live on this island? 有人在這島上住嗎？ I didnt see anybody there. 我在那兒誰也沒看見。 Dont let anybody in. Im too busy to see anybody. 別讓任何人進(jìn)來。我太忙，誰也不想見。 There is nobody in the room. 房間里沒人。 Nobody told me

10、that you were ill, so I didnt know about it . 誰也沒告訴我你病了。所以我不知道。 3. listen, listen to, hear這三個詞意思都是“聽”，但是它們的用法不完全相同。它們的區(qū)別在于：(1)listen 只用于不及物動詞，后面接人或人物做賓語，著重于“傾聽”，指的是有意識的動作，至于是否聽到，并非強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點。如：Listen! Someone is singing in the classroom. 聽！有人在教室唱歌。(2)listen to 為listen的及物形式，后面一定要接人或物做賓語，這里的to是介詞。如：Do you

11、like listening to light music?你喜歡聽輕音樂嗎？(3)hear 可用作及物動詞，也可用作不及物動詞，意思是“聽到、聽見”，指用耳朵聽到了某個聲音，表示無意識的動作，著重于聽的水平和結(jié)果。如：We hear with our ears.我們用耳朵聽。She listens but hears nothing.她聽了聽，但是什么也沒有聽見。4. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little(1)many修飾可數(shù)名詞，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞；都表示很多。例如： He has many books.他有很多書。 He drank muc

12、h milk.他喝了很多牛奶。(2)a few和a little都表示有一點兒，側(cè)重于肯定，相當(dāng)于some，但a few修飾可數(shù)名詞，a little修飾不可數(shù)名詞，例如：He has a few friends in London.他在倫敦有一些朋友。Would you like some coffee? Yes, just a little.喝點咖啡好嗎？好的，只要一點。(3)few和little表示幾乎沒有，側(cè)重否定。few后接可數(shù)名詞，little后接不可數(shù)名詞。例如：He is a strange man. He has few words.他是個怪人，他幾乎不說什么話。Hurry

13、up, there is little time left.趕快，沒什么時間了。 5. either/ neither/ both either可作形容詞，一般指兩者中的任何一個。有時也可表示兩個都的意思，后跟名詞的單數(shù)形式；neither： 指兩者中沒有一個，全否定；both： 指兩者都，肯定。句中可作主語、賓語和定語，both后面應(yīng)跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： Neither of the films is good.兩部電影都不好。（沒有一部是好的） Either of the films is good. 兩部電影都不錯。（謂語動詞用單數(shù)） Both the teachers often a

14、nswer the questions.這兩個老師都常常解答問題。6. take part in/jointake part in參加某種活動; join參加，加入某一政黨或組織。例如：Can you take part in my party.你能來參加我的派對嗎？We often take part in many school activities.我們經(jīng)常參加學(xué)校里的一些活動。He joined the party in 1963. 他1963年入的黨。My little brother joined the army last year. 我小弟去年參的軍。7. quite/ rat

15、her/ very(1)quite 表示水準(zhǔn)“很，十分，完全地”，“相當(dāng)”。如：She is quite right.她對極了。Thats not quite what I want . 那并不完全是我所要的。(2)rather 表示水準(zhǔn)上的“相當(dāng)”，比預(yù)想地水準(zhǔn)要大，通常用在不喜歡的情況下。如：Its rather cold today.今天的天氣相當(dāng)冷。(3)very表示水準(zhǔn)“很，甚，極其，非?！保糜谛揎椥稳菰~或副詞，既可用在喜歡的情況下，也可用于不喜歡的情況下。應(yīng)注意“a very +形容詞+可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，a應(yīng)置于very之前，該結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)“quite a/an +形容詞+名詞

16、”的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Two months is quite a long time. / a very long time. 兩個月是一段很長的時間。Its a very nice day / quite a nice day. 今天天氣很好?！究键c掃描】中考考點在本單元主要集中在：1. 不定代詞/副詞的使用； 2. 反身代詞的用法；3. 并列句；4. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級；5. 冠詞的用法；6. 動詞的過去實行時；7. 本單元學(xué)過的詞匯、短語和句型；8. 本單元學(xué)過的日常交際用語?？荚囆问侥軌蚴菃雾椞羁铡⑼晷吞羁?、短文填空和完成句子?！局锌挤独?. (2004年江西省中考試題) -I call

17、ed you yesterday evening, but there was no answer. -Oh, I am sorry I _ dinner at my friends home. A. have B. had C. was having D. have had【解析】答案：C。該提考查的是動詞的時態(tài)。表示過去某一時刻正在實行的動作應(yīng)用過去實行時。2. (2004年北京市中考試題) -Which is _, the sun, the moon or the earth? -Of course the moon is. A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest【解析】答案：D。該提考查的是形容詞的比較等級。三者實行比較，其中最小的應(yīng)用最高級，而形容詞最高級之前必須加頂冠詞the。3. (2004年河北省中考試題) Bob never does his homework _ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as【解析】答案：B。該提考查的是形容詞和副詞的用法區(qū)別?？瞻滋幩钡脑~是修飾動詞短語does his homework的，應(yīng)該用副詞。另外，表示“