2019-2020學(xué)年高中英語Unit4Wildlifeprotection英美文化欣賞講義

1、學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精unit 4 wildlife protection【導(dǎo)讀】野性的呼喚，又名荒野的呼喚（the call of the wild），是美國著名作家杰克倫敦創(chuàng)作的中篇小說。該作品以一只狗的經(jīng)歷表現(xiàn)文明世界的狗在主人的逼迫下回到野蠻，寫的是狗,也反映人的世界。閱讀下面的節(jié)選，仔細(xì)體會該小說的主題:生命總是在不斷掙扎求存的過程中獲得意義與力量?！竟?jié)選】the call of the wildin five minutes buck had made fourteen hundred dollars for thornton and his friends。the money

2、 made it possible for them to travel east，where they wanted to look for a lost gold mine。men said that this mine had more gold than any other mine in the north.many had looked for it，and some had died looking for it。the only men who knew where it was were now dead。thornton，pete and hans,with buck an

3、d six other dogs，started off to the east in the spring。they travelled up the stewart river and crossed the mackenzie mountains。they did not move quickly；the weather was good，and the men shot animals for food when they needed it.sometimes they travelled for a week，and sometimes they stopped for a wee

4、k and searched for gold in the ground.sometimes they were hungry，and sometimes they had lots of food。they spent all the summer in the mountains,carrying everything they needed on their backs，sometimes making boats to go down rivers or across lakes.in the autumn they came to a strange，flat country，wi

5、th many lakes。they travelled on through the winter and met nobody，but once they found an old wooden house，with an old gun in it。when the spring came，they found，not the lost mine,but a lake in a wide valley。through the shallow water the gold showed like yellow butter，and here their search ended。there

6、 was gold worth thousands of dollars in the lake，and they worked every day,filling bag after bag with gold。the dogs had nothing to do except watch the men and eat the food which the men shot for them。buck spent many evenings sitting by the fire。as he sat，he saw again his dream world，where the strang

7、e hairy man sat next to him.he also heard something calling him into the forest。sometimes，in the middle of the day，he lifted his head and listened，and then ran off into the forest.one night he woke up and heard the call again，a long howl.he ran into the forest，following the sound，and came to an open

8、 place in the trees.and there，his nose pointing to the sky，sat a wolf。the wolf stopped howling and buck walked slowly towards him.the wolf ran，and buck followed.after a time,the wolf stopped and waited，watching buck，ready to attack。but buck did not want to fight,and soon the wolf realized this，and t

9、he two animals became friendly.then the wolf started to run again，and he clearly wanted buck to follow him。they ran for hours through the forest，and buck remembered again his dream world where he，and others like him，had run through a much older forest。then they stopped to drink，and buck remembered j

10、ohn thornton.he turned and started to run back。the wolf followed him,then stopped and howled，but buck ran on and did not turn.thornton was eating dinner when buck returned.buck jumped all over him，and for two days never left his side.he followed him every where,watching him while he ate and while he

11、 slept.but after two days the call of the wild came again,and he remembered the forest and the wolf who had run beside him。he started to sleep out in the forest at night，sometimes staying out for three or four days.once he was away for a week,fishing and killing animals for food。he ate well,and he g

12、rew stronger and quicker and more alive。his golden brown coat shone with health as he ran through the forest,learning its every secret，every smell，and every sound。hes the finest dog that ive ever seen， said thornton to his friends one day as they watched buck walking out of camp。therell never be ano

13、ther dog like him， said pete。they saw him walking out of camp but they didnt see the change that happened when he was inside the forest。at once he became a thing of the wild，stepping softly and silently，a passing shadow among the trees.in the autumn，buck started to see moose in the forest。one day he

14、 met a group of about twenty。the largest was two metres tall，and his antlers were more than two metres across。when he saw buck，he got very angry.for hours buck followed the moose；he wanted the big one，but he wanted him alone。by the evening buck had driven the big old moose away from the others,and t

15、hen he began his attack.the animal weighed six hundred and fifty kiloshe was big enough and strong enough to kill buck in seconds.patiently，buck followed him for four days，attacking and then jumping away.he gave him no peace，no time to eat or drink or rest,and slowly the moose became weaker。at the e

16、nd of the fourth day buck pulled the moose down and killed him.he stayed by the dead animal for a day and a half,eating，and then turned towards camp and john thornton.five kilometres from the camp，he smelt something strange.something was wrong。he started to run.after a few hundred metres he found th

17、e dead body of blackie，with an arrow through his side。then he found another sledge dog，dying，with an arrow in his neck。buck was near the camp now，and he could hear voices singing.then he saw the body of hans,lying on his face，with ten or fifteen arrows in his back。buck was suddenly filled with a wil

18、d，burning anger。the yeehats were dancing around the camp，when they heard a deep and terrible growling.buck came out of the trees faster than the north wind,and threw himself on the yeehats like a mad dog.he jumped at the first man，and tore out his throat，野性的呼喚不過5分鐘，巴克就為桑頓和他的朋友們賺了1400美元.他們有足夠的錢去東部旅行,

19、他們想在那里尋找一座下落不明的金礦。人們傳說那座金礦比任何一座北方的金礦都富足。許多人都在尋找它，有一些人為了尋找它而命喪黃泉.那唯一知道金礦下落的人已經(jīng)死了。桑頓,皮特和漢斯，帶著巴克和另外6條狗,在春天向東方啟程了.他們渡過了斯塔沃特河，翻過了麥肯瑟山脈。他們走得并不快。天氣很不錯。有時人們就打點野味來充饑。有時他們連續(xù)走一星期，有時他們會逗留一星期在地下尋找金礦.有時他們?nèi)甜嚢ゐI，有時又食物豐足.他們在山區(qū)里度過了夏天，背著所有必需品,有時他們制造小船沿河漂流或者橫渡湖泊.秋天的時候他們來到一個奇特而平坦的國度,有許多湖泊。他們跋涉了整整一個冬天,沒有碰到一個人。但是他們發(fā)現(xiàn)過一座古老的

20、木屋，還有屋內(nèi)一桿舊槍。當(dāng)春天又來臨的時候,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)的不是那座下落不明的金礦,而是一個位于寬闊峽谷中的湖泊。透過淺淺的湖水，金子就像黃澄澄的奶油一樣。他們的搜尋到此結(jié)束了.湖中的金子價值連城，他們每天都工作,裝滿了一袋又一袋的金子。狗無所事事,只好看人們工作和吃人們打來的野味.巴克總是坐在火邊消磨著夜晚的時光。當(dāng)他蹲坐在那里時,他又一次看到了他夢中的世界，那個奇怪的毛發(fā)濃密的人坐在他的旁邊.他依然感受到那來自叢林的呼喚.有時正值正午，他就抬頭聆聽著,然后就會躥進(jìn)森林里.一天晚上他從睡夢中醒來，又聽到那呼喚,長長的嗥叫.他跑進(jìn)森林,追隨著那呼聲,來到了林子間的一片空地上。在那兒,蹲坐著一頭狼，仰

21、首望天。狼停止了嗥叫，巴克慢慢向他走過去.狼跑開了，巴克緊追不舍。過了一段時間，狼停住步子等待著，打量著巴克,準(zhǔn)備著一場惡斗。但是巴克無意開戰(zhàn)，很快狼就意識到了這點。兩頭動物變得友好起來。然后狼又開始了奔跑,很明顯他希望巴克跟著他.他們在森林中跑了數(shù)個小時，巴克又想起了他夢中的世界，在那里他和他的同類，穿過一座古老的森林。當(dāng)他們停下來喝水的時候，巴克想起了約翰桑頓.他掉頭向回跑去。狼跟著他,然后停下來嗥叫著，但是巴克頭也不回繼續(xù)奔跑回去.巴克回來的時候，桑頓正在吃晚飯。巴克撲在他的身上,有兩天不肯離開他的左右,到哪兒都跟著他,即使睡覺和吃飯也不肯把目光挪開。但是兩天之后,那野性的呼喚又響了起來

22、，他又想起了森林和那頭同他并駕齊驅(qū)的狼。他開始在夜晚露宿在森林里，有時一呆就是三四天。有一次他跑出去了一個星期，捕魚獵獸覓食吃.他吃的很好,變得越發(fā)健壯敏捷，也更有生氣。在他奔跑在森林里的時候,他的金褐色的皮毛閃著健康的光澤。他探索著森林中每一處的神秘，每一種氣味，每一聲聲響?！八俏乙娺^的最出色的狗，”桑頓有一天對他的朋友們說，他們正看著巴克跑出營地?！敖^無僅有。皮特說.他們只看見他跑出了營地，但是他們無從知曉他在森林中發(fā)生的本質(zhì)的變化。他會立刻變成一頭野獸，步子輕捷無聲，像一道陰影擦過森林。在秋天,巴克開始在森林中發(fā)現(xiàn)駝鹿.有一天他碰上了大約有20頭的一群駝鹿。最大的一頭有兩米高,兩只鹿角

23、甚至有兩米多寬。他看見巴克的時候，十分生氣。巴克跟隨了這只駝鹿數(shù)個小時;他想要這頭大個兒的，但需要單獨捕殺他。到傍晚時分，巴克把那頭大個兒的老駝鹿趕到了鹿群之外，然后發(fā)動了進(jìn)攻。那動物重達(dá)650公斤-他高大強(qiáng)壯到足以在數(shù)秒中殺死巴克。巴克耐心地跟隨了他4天,進(jìn)攻一下就又跳開，他讓他不得安寧，沒有時間進(jìn)食喝水，也無法休息。漸漸地那駝鹿衰弱下去。到第4天結(jié)束的當(dāng)口兒，巴克撲倒了那頭駝鹿殺死了他.他在死獸旁待了一天半的光景,吃食，然后返回到營地和約翰桑頓那里去。離營地5公里遠(yuǎn)，他嗅到了異味,出事了。他開始奔跑.幾百米之后他發(fā)現(xiàn)了布萊吉的尸體，一支羽箭插在他身體的一側(cè)。然后他又發(fā)現(xiàn)了另一只雪橇狗,脖子

24、上插著一支羽箭，奄奄待斃?，F(xiàn)在巴克已經(jīng)接近營地了，他聽到歌聲傳來。之后他看到了漢斯的尸體，臉向下俯在地上，大約有10到15支羽箭插在他的后背上。巴克心中突然燃燒起了狂野的怒火。印第安人正圍繞著營地跳舞,他們聽到一聲低沉可怕的咆哮。巴克比北風(fēng)還要迅捷，從樹叢中躥了出來，他像一條瘋狗一樣直撲到印第安人身上去.他撲向第一個人，撕開了他的喉嚨，令他當(dāng)場斃命。然后他又撲向第二個人，然后又是第三個人，每一次都瞄準(zhǔn)咽喉。印第安人既不能逃走也不能用他們的箭.巴克像暴killing him at once.he jumped onto a second,then a third man，going each t

25、ime for the throat.the yeehats could neither escape nor use their arrows。buck moved like a storm among them，tearing,biting，destroying，in a madness that he had never known before.nothing could stop him，and soon the yeehats were running，wild with fear，back to the forest.buck followed for some time，the

26、n returned to the camp。he found pete,killed in his bed。he followed thorntons smell to a deep pool，and found skeet lying dead by the edge.thorntons body was somewhere under the water。all day buck stayed by the pool or walked restlessly round the camp。but when the evening came，he heard new sounds from

27、 the forest;the wolves had come south for the winter，and were moving into bucks valley。they came into the camp in the moonlight，and buck stood silently,waiting for them。suddenly,the bravest wolf jumped at buck。in a second,buck had bitten，and then stood still again.the wolf was dead behind him.three

28、more wolves jumped at him，and were killed。then the pack attacked in a crowd all at once。but not one of them could bring buck down；he was too quick，too strong,too clever for them all。after half an hour the pack stopped attacking and moved away。then one wolf moved forward slowly，in a friendly way；it w

29、as the wolf that buck had met before in the forest。they touched noses。then another wolf came forward to make friends，and another。soon the pack was all around buck，and the call of the wild was loud in bucks ears.and when the wolves moved on，back into the forest，buck ran with them，side by side.that is

30、 perhaps the end of bucks story.but after a few years，the yeehats noticed that some of the wolves had golden brown in their grey coats。they also talked of a ghost dog that ran at the head of the pack。and sometimes men were found dead,killed by the teeth of a terrible animal。and each autumn,when the

31、yeehats follow the moose,there is one valley that they will not go into。in the summers there is one visitor to that valley：a large，golden。brown wolf,larger than any other wolf.he walks alone round the lake where the yellow gold shines in the water,and howls。but he is not always alone.in the long winter nights，he runs at the head of the wolf pack through the