2013年小升初語法復習(八)：肯定句、否定句

1、2013 年小升初語法復習（八）：肯定句、否定句一、 be 動詞： am, is, are二、 肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句定義1肯定句：表示肯定的意思, 即不含有否定詞“不”。比如：我是一個學生 i am a student.他去上學he goes to school.2否定句：表示否定的意思。比如：我不是一個男孩。 i am not a boy他不去上學he does not go to school.3. 一般疑問句：回答為“是 yes”或者“否 no”的問句。 比如：你是一個學生嗎？ are you a student?你喜歡英語嗎？do you like english?4

2、. 特殊疑問句：回答不是“是 yes”或者“否 no”的問句，根據(jù)提問內(nèi)容具體回答。比如：現(xiàn)在幾點了？ whats the time?哪一支筆是你的？ which is your pen?三、肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句的相互轉換有 am, is, are 的句子，肯定句變否定句：在 am, is, are 后面加上 not,其余按順序照抄?？隙ň渥円话阋蓡柧洌喊?am, is, are 提前放到句首并大寫 am, is, are,其余照抄。 肯定句變特殊疑問句（就劃線部分提問）：分 3 步驟第一步：先變一般疑問句第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞代替劃線部分第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，

3、并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。 注意：1.一定先變一般疑問句。但是，如果問的是主語或主語的定語時，語序不變， 為特殊疑問詞(+主語)+陳述句。如：li ming s not here today. whos not here today? 今天誰沒來？2.劃線部分不能在特殊疑問句中出現(xiàn)。when 什么時間（問時間）who 誰（問人）whose 誰的 問主人what date 什么日期 問具 體日期what place 什么地點問具體 地址how 怎么樣 問情況 1where 在哪里 問地點 which 哪一個 問選擇 why 為什么 問原因what 什么 問東西what time 什么

4、時間 問 時間what colour 什 么 顏 色 問顏色what about 怎么樣 問見how old 多大 問年齡 how many 多少 問數(shù)量 how much 多少 問價錢 how about 怎么樣 問意how far 多遠 問路程how long 多長 問時間how soon 多快，多久 問意見what day 星期幾 問星期時間how often 多久 問頻率例如：肯定句、否定句和一般疑問句的互換肯定句：this is a book.否定句：this is not a book.一般疑問句：is this a book?肯定回答：yes, it is.否定回答：no, it

5、 isnt.就劃線部分提問 (變特殊疑問句 )this is a book.第一步：變一般疑問句 is this a book?第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞 is this what ?第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。what is this?沒有 am, is, are 的句子，肯定句變否定句：在主語后面加上 do not 或者 does not,其余按順序照抄動詞用原形 肯定句變一般疑問句：在句首加 do 或者 does 并大寫,其余照抄。注意：動詞用原形肯定句變特殊疑問句（就劃線部分提問）：分 3 步驟第一步：先變一般疑問句第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞代

6、替劃線部分第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。 注意：1.一定先變一般疑問句。但是，如果問的是主語或主語的定語時，語序不變，為 2特殊疑問詞(+主語)+陳述句。2.劃線部分不能在特殊疑問句中出現(xiàn)。 非單三時用 do, 單三時用 does非單三 肯定句：i like english.一般疑問句：do you like english? 否定句：i do not like english.單三肯定句：he likes english. 一般疑問句：does he like english? 否定句：he does not like english.就劃線部分提問：

7、i like english.第一步：先變一般疑問句 do you like english?第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞代替劃線部分 do you like what?第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。 what do you like?特殊 ：1.some 變?yōu)?any。如：there are some birds in the tree.there arent any birds in the tree.但是，若在表示請邀請、請求的句子中，some 可以不變。如： would you like some orange juice?與此相關的一些不定代詞如

8、 something, somebody 等也要進行相應變化。 2.and 變?yōu)?or。如：i have a knife and a ruler.i dont have a knife or a ruler.3.a lot of (=lots of)變?yōu)?many 或 much。如：they have a lot of friends.（可數(shù)名詞）they dont have many friends. there is lots of orange in the bottle.（不可數(shù)名詞）there isnt much orange in the bottle.4.already 變?yōu)?y

9、et。如：i have been there already.i havent been there yet.3自我檢測與提高一、寫出下列動詞否定形式的縮寫形式。1. is _ 2. are_ 3.does _4. do _ 5. was_ 6. were _7.will _ 8.must _ 9. dare_10.can_ 11.should_ 12. did _二、選擇題。（ ）1. wheres the sofa? its _.a. on the desk b. in the fridge c. near the bookcase（ ）2. there _ an egg and some

10、 noodles on the plate.a. is b. are c. am（ ）3. is that your water bottle?_.a. yes, it is. b. no, it is. c. yes, you are.（ ）4. what time do you have lunch?a. at eleven thirty-five. b. eleven thirty-five. c. i have lunch at twelve. （ ）5. whose coat is it?a. its my father. b. theyre my father. c. its my

11、 fathers.三、按要求改寫句子。1. they are nurses. (改為單數(shù)句)_2. mike does his homework t the weekend. (改為否定句)_3. you can draw on the wall. （改為否定祈使句）_4. they dont like watching tv.（改為肯定句）_5. its big and bright. (改為意思相反的句子)_四、將下列單詞連成陳述句。1. her, these, pictures, are_2. is, my, this, jim, friend_3 in, is, pen, a, eng

12、lish, this, not 4_五、將下列肯定句改為否定句。1. the bird is in the tree._2. these boys are chinese._3. i can have two eggs._六、改寫下列的句子，但要保持原意不變。1. glad to meet you. _ to _you.2. this is my ruler. the _ is _.3. give me that clock. give the clock _ _.4. i am nancy. _ _ is nancy.5. yang ling is in row 2. i am in row

13、 2, too.yang ling and i are in _ _ _.6. this is my pen. give it to miss gao.give my pen _ miss gao.七、閱讀短文，并判斷下列選項的正誤。正確的在括號內(nèi)填 t，錯誤的填 f。my 兄弟， ray, is a student of grade five. we go to the same school. he is eleven years old. he works hard at school. my father always says to me, “jill, you should lea

14、rn from your brother.”last weekend, i wanted to fly a kite. but i didn t know how to fly it. so i asked my brother to teach me. he was glad to help me fly the kite. then we went to the park. there i learnt very fast. i ran and ran with my kite. at last we sat on the grass. my brother taught me engli

15、sh song. i was so happy that day!（ ）1. ray is my sister.（ ）2. ray is a student of grade six.（ ）3. ray is twelve years old.（ ）4. ray is a good student at school.（ ）5. i know how to fly the kite.（ ）6. my brother doesnt want to teach me.（ ）7. we went to the park to fly the kite.（ ）8. ray taught me to l

16、earn english song.（ ）9. i was very happy that day. 5參考答案一、1. isnt 2. arent 3. doesnt 4. dont 5. wasnt 6. werent 7. wont 8.mustnt 9. darent 10. cant 11. shouldnt 12. didnt 二、 1. c 2. a 3.a 4. c 5.c三、1. she is a nurse.2. mike doesnt do his homework at the weekend.3. dont draw on the wall.4. they like watching tv.5. its small and dark.四、1. these are her pictures.2