語(yǔ)法教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

1、語(yǔ)法教學(xué)活動(dòng)片斷從化三中 曾潔容在日常的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法教學(xué)中，我們通常使用演繹法、歸納法和指導(dǎo)發(fā)現(xiàn)法。演繹法是由呈現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則到具體例證的方法，即由抽象到具體。老師先介紹、講解語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，然后再舉例說(shuō)明、論證語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，再組織學(xué)生進(jìn)行練習(xí)和運(yùn)用。歸納法是教師可以通過(guò)復(fù)習(xí)，讓學(xué)生將平時(shí)分散、孤立的知識(shí)加以縱橫聯(lián)系，使之系統(tǒng)化、條理化，整理歸納成有機(jī)的整體。通過(guò)個(gè)別語(yǔ)法例證帶出一般帶普通意義的例證，從具體的例證向抽象的歸納轉(zhuǎn)化。此方法優(yōu)勢(shì)在于能充分利用學(xué)生已有的知識(shí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，以舊帶新，讓學(xué)生易于接受并強(qiáng)化運(yùn)用。下面以現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的教學(xué)為例作說(shuō)明：Step 1: 教師先呈現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成:主語(yǔ)+ am/ is/ a

2、re +動(dòng)詞ing + Step2：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的應(yīng)用(1) 呈現(xiàn)例句：They are playing basketball now. We are having an English class now.學(xué)生歸納：當(dāng)句子中有now時(shí)，常表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，這時(shí)要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。(2) 呈現(xiàn)例句： Listen！She is singing an English song. Look! The boy is smiling at us.學(xué)生歸納：以look, listen開(kāi)頭的句子，提示我們動(dòng)作正進(jìn)行，這時(shí)要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 (3)呈現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則：表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，且此時(shí)有thi

3、s week, these days等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：We are making model planes these days.Where is your father? He is cleaning the car. (4)呈現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則：描述圖片中的人物的動(dòng)作，也為了表達(dá)更生動(dòng)。此時(shí)也常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如： Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.Step 3：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的變化(1)呈現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不同句式的結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句式：主語(yǔ)+be( am, is, are)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它.否定句式：主

4、語(yǔ)+be(am, is, are) +not +現(xiàn)在分詞+其它. 一般疑問(wèn)句：Be(am, is, are) +主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它？ 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+be(am, is, are)+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它？(2) Exercise: They are singing in the classroom.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_肯定回答：_否定回答：_對(duì)“are singing”提問(wèn)：_對(duì)“in the classroom”提問(wèn)：_Step 4. 鞏固練習(xí)：用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)完成下列句子。1. We _ (play) games now.2. What are you _(do) now? I _(

5、eat) bread.3. Its nine oclock. My father_(work) in the office.4. Look, the boy_(put) the rubbish into the bin.5. _he_(clean) the classroom? No, he isnt. He_(play).6. Where is Max? He_(run) on the grass.7. Listen, who_(sing) in the music room?Oh, Mary_(sing) there.8. Who _ over there now?A. singing B

6、. are sing C. is singing D. sing9. Its eight oclock. The students _ an English class. A. have B. having C. is having D. are having 10. Listen! The baby _ in the next room.A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. cries11. Look! The twins _ new sweaters.A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear D. is wearing12. Dont talk here. Grandparents _.A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep從以上語(yǔ)法教學(xué)片斷我們可以知道，在設(shè)置的語(yǔ)境中，先讓學(xué)生感悟語(yǔ)言規(guī)則，然后學(xué)生自己通過(guò)實(shí)踐去領(lǐng)悟，通過(guò)觀察去總結(jié)規(guī)則。通