外文翻譯---加強(qiáng)區(qū)域旅游競爭力戰(zhàn)略

1、enhance the competitiveness of the regional tourism strategyfrank,gregory robert wes british tourism research instituteabstract: the development of the tourism industry can not do without the presence of tourism resources and tourist activities, but the geographical features of tourism resources and

2、 tourist activity space transfer characteristics, the development of tourism must contact with spatial structure of, showing a certain regional characteristics, which also determines the inevitability and necessity of the existence of competition in the regional tourism. therefore, to enhance the co

3、mpetitiveness of regional tourism strategy, has become the top priority the development of tourism in the region around.keywords ：regional tourism; competitiveness; impact; strategyfist、the regional tourism competitiveness study factorsthe so-called regional tourism competitiveness refers to the tou

4、rist region as a whole, competing for customers in their own development process, develop, and capture the tourism market and get the ability of industrial development elements and growth potential. regional tourism competitiveness does not refer to a particular aspect of competitiveness, but the re

5、sult of many influencing factors, but also a dynamic development process, and then the competition results from the competitive potential to the competitive strength. competitive once made, has aroused wide attention from scholars at home and abroad. one of the most prominent research professor at h

6、arvard university, the famous expert on competitive strategy potter, his national ling map provides a model for industrial competitiveness economic paradigm. in this paradigm, which potter summed up the six influencing factors: (1) the factors of production, including natural resources, human resour

7、ces, knowledge resources, capital resources and infrastructure: (2) demand conditions, mainly referring to the tourist market demand structure and the scale of demand; (3) the status of the relevant supporting industries; (4) corporate strategy, structure and competitors; (5) government action; (6)

8、opportunities. for the tourism industry, due to the characteristics of their own development, determines the impact of regional tourism competitiveness factors are multi-faceted. based on the magnitude of the effect of these factors on the competitiveness of the tourism industry, but also will be di

9、vided into a decisive factor supporting factors, developmental factors and protective factors. the decisive factors include resources, tourism demand conditions, tourism enterprises competitive position and regional foreign tourism image. these factors constitute the core competitiveness of tourism

10、in the region, but also enhance regional tourism competitiveness must be the focus of attention. supporting factors not exist solely for the purpose of the development of tourism, but by their own improvement and improve, you can better stimulate and promote tourism in the region to enhance the comp

11、etitiveness. such factors include infrastructure, related and supporting industries situation, the quality of talent, science and technology level. the development factor is the regional tourism formation and savings basis for future competitive strength, mainly referring to the optimization of regi

12、onal tourism resources development and utilization of capacity, the marketing of tourism enterprises, innovation, tourism capital introduction and utilization of capacity, the tourism industry, the ability to adjust . the protection factors constitute the external environmental conditions, they can

13、bring the regional tourism industry development and to ensure the smooth development of the tourism industry along the positive direction. such factors include the tourism environment, governmental action, as well as opportunities for development. impact on regional tourism competitiveness of the fo

14、ur categories of factors are not independent of each other, but an organic community. the decisive factor as a core part of the regional tourism competitiveness, the development of good or bad will directly affect the strength of the overall regional competitiveness. the supportive factors more clos

15、er to the tourism industry and tilt, developmental factors grace the better play a role. support more closer to the tourism industry and tilt, developmental factors in order to better play a role. the supporting factors and developmental factors working together, can enhance the attractiveness of th

16、e decisive factors on the actual and potential tourists, but also to provide a guarantee in order to better meet the needs of tourists and enhance visitor satisfaction. protection factors can be the decisive factor, better supporting factors and developmental factors play a role to create a good atm

17、osphere, play a role in fueling. second、strategic options to enhance regional tourism competitivenessindustrial competitiveness stage theory potter is another important contribution to industrial competitiveness through four stages, according to this theory, the formation of regional tourism competi

18、tiveness factor-driven stage, the stage of investment-driven, innovation-driven stage, and wealth driver stage. the characteristics of these two stages: factor-driven stage, the formation of competitiveness comes from the rich resources in the region, the region through integration of resources, dis

19、covered the advantages of resources, and thus the resources to develop into a competitive advantage. the formation of the investment-driven stage of competitiveness due to the development of the regional government and the willingness to invest and capabilities as well as advanced production factors

20、. for most parts of china, on the one hand, is rich in tourism resources, according to different levels of resource advantages. specific policy choices are as follows:third、regional tourism development strategy planning strategyplanning for a region vital to the development of tourism is to determin

21、e the future development of regional tourism direction and goals of the global programme of the global. regional tourism development strategy plan as the product of the development of regional tourism competition is to enhance regional tourism competitiveness, sustainable tourism development as the

22、goal, the advantage of the specific area of tourism competitiveness, weaknesses, challenges, opportunities analysis, selection for local development strategies, then yangchangbuduan, to ensure that the regional tourism long, sustained and stable development. with the traditional regional tourism pla

23、nning, regional tourism development strategic planning more global and targeted on specific implementation have a great deal of flexibility in the competitive environment for the development of tourism, and therefore more suitable for make guidance. various regions through regional tourism developme

24、nt strategic planning, effective integration of resources, to maximize mining and upgrading resources development and utilization of capacity, to avoid unnecessary waste due to poor decisions, so as to further enhance the potential competitiveness of the tourism in the region.(1) the development of

25、regional tourism strategic planning strategyunnecessary waste of decision-making errors, to further enhance the potential competitiveness of the tourism in the region. need a good external environment for the development of the tourism industry, any tourism enterprises and groups can create and driv

26、e the industry to create such an environment, which requires the development of the tourism industry must implement a government-led strategy. as a government department, it should be positive and effective play to their initiative and coordination, and guide the development of regional tourism in t

27、he good direction. the author believes that government departments achieve its leading role from the following three aspects: first, the establishment of a sound and good market competition mechanism, improve the tourism market system, strengthen the construction of tourism regulations, to create a

28、fair and reasonable competition order; second is to develop a flexible industrial development policies and reasonable investment incentives, increase tourism funding to encourage and charge daffaires travel; third is to enhance the coordination of the guiding role of the government, to weaken the re

29、gulatory functions to the development of the tourism industry and enterprise more space and choice.(2) travel product differentiation, serialization strategyunnecessary waste of decision-making mistakes, to further enhance the regional tourism product is the foundation and conditions for tourism act

30、ivities. regions, through enrich and improve the tourist product line, you can enhance the overall supply capacity and level of increased efforts to purchase tourists. large number of homogeneous products flooding the international tourist market conditions, and adhere to the differentiated product

31、line, which can effectively avoid weakening the region between homogeneous products arising from intense competition. the same time, between adjacent areas through differentiated products can achieve the effect of avoid weaknesses, is conducive to regional cooperation and win-win. of course, more im

32、portantly, is a full-feature differentiated tourism products in the source markets easier to attract and stimulate the purchase of tourists. the formation of the tourism product differentiation should be based on the wording of the regional advantages, to identify the type of unique resources in the

33、 region, in-depth mining culture, design and development of a high starting point, for the beginning to enter the market, the formation of high-grade characteristics competitiveness of the brand. in addition, to increase new product development efforts, opened the grade extension products and ancill

34、ary products in the design of the core products, research and development, the regions tourism products to meet consumer sightseeing tourism, leisure, business and exhibition, science, education, adventure and other multi-level requirements, and through a series of products extend the length of stay

35、 of tourists in a tourist destination, further increasing regional tourism revenue.(3) tourism product differentiation, serialization strategythe capital is one of the basic elements for the development of tourism. for areas with weak economic strength, lack of funds is the bottleneck constraints of

36、 regional tourism competitiveness. therefore, local governments formulate preferential policies to attract investment, loans, tax, optimize the investment environment, promote the diversification of investments. the same time, the budget of the local government have a sense of tilt to the tourism in

37、dustry, and gradually increase the funding of tourism. the tourism industry itself must take the initiative to mobilize the enthusiasm of all aspects of the fight for foreign capital and overseas chinese as much as possible, to mobilize and guide social forces to run tourism. in addition also the to

38、ur tour to promote the tourism revenue achieved and then input to the development and construction of building in the development, construction development, and ultimately the cycle of development of the tourism economy.(4) tourism product differentiation, serialization strategythe source is the fou

39、ndation and focus of tourism development. with the state to the development of domestic tourism, steady development of inbound tourism, moderate development of outbound tourism policy implementation, the domestic tourism market will be the focus of the regional competition. the regional coordination

40、 and organization are three forms of tourism, purpose, focus on the development and nurturing of the important target source markets, especially to actively guide the travel choice of the tourists in the region, the full development and mining of large and medium-sized cities of the neighbor provinc

41、es and visitors of the southeast coastal economically developed areas, in order to stabilize and promote the growth of the customer base within the region to ensure the long-term tourism to maintain sustained and rapid development.(5) tourism product differentiation, serialization strategythe cluste

42、r is the industry presented in the horizontal space gathering forms of organization. formed to create a competitive advantage as a form of organization of industrial space, industrial clusters with the group a competitive advantage and scale of cluster development, industry development has brought s

43、pillover effects. currently, in most regions of the world tourism enterprises is weak, it is difficult to form a strong competition in the market. in view of this situation, government departments and relevant industry organizations through effective guidance and support to promote the tourism enter

44、prises consciously, voluntarily and related and supporting industries communication and coordination and cooperation and competition, and thus a variety of enterprise formed by a single enterprise contact clusters, to maximize the the cluster specific economic concentration, information sharing, ris

45、k weakening advantage monomer specialization of enterprises, standardized, large-scale management to further enhance the competitiveness of smes.(6) tourism structure optimization strategythe core of the regional tourism competitiveness is the overall competitiveness of the industry, also known as f

46、ood, shelter, transportation, travel, shopping and entertainment, the coordinated development of capacity in six areas. many regions of the world share and entertainment, the construction lagged far behind many inconvenience to tourists tour also significantly influenced the improvement of the touri

47、sm revenue. to optimize the structure of the tourism industry, focusing on strengthening the construction of these basic weaknesses, while continually improving the level of construction of supporting facilities, and enhance the convenience of the line and travel, food and live comfort, promote the

48、coordinated development of various aspects, and comprehensively improve the overall supply capacity of the regional tourism industry, increase visitor satisfaction.(7) personnel training strategythe talent competition is the highest stage of the regional tourism competition. the senior factors of pr

49、oduction as the competitiveness of the tourism industry, tourism professionals is a strong guarantee for the region to maintain a long-term competitive advantage. with the upgrade of the competition in the tourism industry, will be increasing demand for tourism personnel. regions should be noted tha

50、t the talent specialization, full-time future needs of the industry trends. thus, personnel development, on the one hand, to the development of flexible and efficient personnel recruitment system to provide appropriate treatment and relaxed environment for talented people, motivate them to play to t

51、heir talents. the other hand, it is necessary to actively join forces with the university, according to the market and industry development needs, formulate a reasonable talent training plan, savings reserve forces and intelligence support for the achievement of competitive advantage of regional tou

52、rism. we must also strengthen the professional training of existing employees, and gradually improve the overall quality of the industry.in short, to enhance the competitiveness of regional tourism has become the top priority of the development of tourism around the localities should make full use o

53、f their own advantages, focused on creating resources, based on the primary factors of production is competitive based on talent, innovation, brand based long-term, effective competitiveness, and thus enhance the competitiveness of the regional to promote tourism in our countrys competitiveness in t

54、he international market.referenc:1hartserre a. lesson in managerial destination competitiveness in the case of foxwoods casino resortj.tourismmanagement,2000,21(1):23-32.2dr.dimitrios buhalis.marketing the competitive destination of the futurej.tourismmanagement,2000,21(1):97-116.3hassan salah s.det

55、erminants of market competitiveness in an environmentally sustainable developmentj.journal of travel research,2000,38(2):263-271.4ritchie j r b, crouch g i. the competitive destination:sustainability perspectivej.tourism management.2000,21(1):127.5dwyer l, forsyth thp,rao p. the price competitivenes

56、s of travel and tourism: a comparison of 19 destinations j.tourism management,2000,21(1):9-22.6pearce d g. competitive destination analysis in southeast asiaj.journal of travel research,1997,35(4):16-25.加強(qiáng)區(qū)域旅游競爭力戰(zhàn)略弗蘭克， 羅伯特戈韋斯英國旅游研究所摘要：旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展離不開旅游資源的存在和旅游者活動(dòng)的開展，但是旅游資源的地域特征和旅游者活動(dòng)的空間轉(zhuǎn)移特點(diǎn)，決定了旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展必然要與相

57、應(yīng)的空間地域結(jié)構(gòu)聯(lián)系，呈現(xiàn)出一定的區(qū)域特點(diǎn)，這也決定了區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競爭存在的必然性和必要性。因此，提升區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競爭力的策略研究，已成為各地區(qū)域旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的當(dāng)務(wù)之急。關(guān)鍵詞 ：區(qū)域旅游業(yè)；競爭力；影響；策略 近些年來，隨著世界各地爭相將旅游業(yè)作為地方支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)來發(fā)展，區(qū)域之間的競爭也更加的明顯和深入。如何立足自身實(shí)際，打造競爭優(yōu)勢，已經(jīng)成為各區(qū)域旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的當(dāng)務(wù)之急，也是新一輪旅游競爭中取勝的關(guān)鍵。對(duì)區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競爭力進(jìn)行研究可以增強(qiáng)區(qū)域競爭的緊迫感，促使各區(qū)域發(fā)現(xiàn)和了解自己在競爭中的優(yōu)勢和不足，進(jìn)而快速反應(yīng)，積極應(yīng)對(duì)，通過局部競爭能力的加強(qiáng)擴(kuò)大到我國旅游業(yè)在國際市場上競爭能力的提升。一區(qū)域旅游競爭

58、力的研究因素所謂區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競爭力是指各旅游區(qū)域作為一個(gè)整體，在自身發(fā)展過程中所表現(xiàn)出來的爭奪客源，開拓、占領(lǐng)旅游市場并獲取產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展要素和增長潛質(zhì)的能力。區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競爭力不是指某一方面的競爭力，而是由眾多影響因素共同作用的結(jié)果，同時(shí)也是一個(gè)從競爭潛力到競爭實(shí)力、再到競爭結(jié)果的動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)展過程。競爭力一經(jīng)提出，便引起了國內(nèi)外學(xué)者的廣泛關(guān)注。其中研究成果最為突出的是美國哈佛大學(xué)教授，著名的競爭策略研究專家波特，他的“國家菱圖”模型為產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力的研究提供了一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)范式。在這一范式當(dāng)中，波特歸納出了六大影響因素：（1）生產(chǎn)要素，包括自然資源、人類資源、知識(shí)資源、資本資源和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等：（2）需求條件，主要指客

59、源市場的需求結(jié)構(gòu)和需求規(guī)模；（3）相關(guān)與輔助產(chǎn)業(yè)的狀況；（4）企業(yè)策略、結(jié)構(gòu)與競爭對(duì)手；（5）政府行為；（6）機(jī)遇。對(duì)于旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)來說，由于其自身發(fā)展的綜合性特點(diǎn)，決定了影響區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競爭力的因素也是多方面。依據(jù)這些因素對(duì)旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力影響的大小，又可將其分為決定性因素、支持性因素、發(fā)展性因素和保障性因素。決定性因素主要包括資源條件、旅游需求狀況、旅游企業(yè)競爭力狀況和區(qū)域?qū)ν饴糜涡蜗蟮取＿@些因素構(gòu)成了區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競爭力的核心，也是未來提升區(qū)域旅游也競爭能力必須關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。支持性因素并不是純粹為了旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展而存在的，但是其通過自身的完善和提高，可以更好地刺激和促進(jìn)區(qū)域旅游業(yè)競爭力的提升。這類因素包括基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、相關(guān)及輔助產(chǎn)業(yè)狀況、人才質(zhì)量、科技水平等。發(fā)展性因素是區(qū)域旅游也形成和積蓄未來競爭實(shí)力的基礎(chǔ)，主要指區(qū)域旅游資源的開發(fā)利用能力、旅游企業(yè)的營銷、創(chuàng)新能力、旅游資金的引進(jìn)和利用能力、旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)的優(yōu)化、調(diào)整能力等。保障性因素構(gòu)成區(qū)域旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的外部環(huán)境狀況，能夠帶動(dòng)和