名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣的用法解析

1、名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣 當(dāng)名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句)中的 謂語動(dòng)詞使用了某種特殊形式或者該從句使用了某些具有特定意義的名 詞、形容詞或分詞時(shí)，可以使用虛擬語氣。 1. 主語從句 (1) It is important that she (should) cooperate with us It was unnecessary that he (should) get here so early. He says it is fortunate that she (should) take the first prize. It is strange that he

2、(should) leave without telling us. It is surprising/amazing/pleasing that she(should) win over her mother. 在“ it + be + adj. + that clause ”的句型中，形容詞表示“必須的”、“重 要的”、“適當(dāng)?shù)摹?、“自然的”、“不可能的”、“緊迫的”等意義時(shí)，主語從句 常用虛擬語氣。這類形容詞還有 advisable, desirable, essential, impossible, natural, possible等。形容詞表示“驚訝的”、“失望的”、“懊悔的”等意

3、義時(shí)， 主語從句常用虛擬語氣。形容詞是dreadful (可怕的)，funny等詞時(shí)，這種 句型中的主語從句也可用陳述語氣。 ( 2) It is ordered that the classroom (should) be kept in order. It is desired that every student (should) obey the school rules It is suggested that we (should) start the work at once. 表示“命令”、“建議”、“要求”意義的動(dòng)詞， 如 advise, arrange, demand, p

4、ropose, recomme nd, request, require等用被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，主語從句要用虛擬 語氣。 2. 賓語從句 （1）He insisted that all of us （should） be there on time by any means. The teacher suggested we （should） clean the blackboard after class. 表示“要求”、“建議”、“命令”等意義的動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句要用虛擬 語氣。這類動(dòng)詞包括 insist, desire, request, order, propose, command, advi

5、se, recomme nd, dema nd, suggeS等。這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句中用 “（should）+ 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成虛擬語氣。 注意：當(dāng)insist表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”和suggest表示“表明；暗示”，其 后的賓語從句中不用虛擬語氣。例如： The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him. He insisted that was honest. （2）I wish I could fly. （用一般過去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望） I wish I ha

6、d known it before. （用過去完成時(shí)表示過去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望， 即 與過去事實(shí)相反的愿望 ） I wish you would stay a little longer. （ 用“ would + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示 對(duì)將來的愿望 ） Wish 后的賓語從句常用虛擬語氣。 Wish 后面賓語從句 中的虛擬語氣，要按“后退一步法”處理從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。 注意：表示何時(shí)的愿望，與那個(gè)事實(shí)相反，不能以主句時(shí)態(tài)為判斷依 據(jù)，而應(yīng)根據(jù)從句的意義判斷。 ( 3) I would rather you did not make any comment on the issue for the t

7、ime being. Would not you rather your child went to bed early? 短語 would rather 后 面的賓語從句中常用虛擬語氣。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞通 常用過去式表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，用過去完成時(shí)表示對(duì)過去的虛擬。 3表語從句 My suggestion is that the old houses (should) be pulled down. The old mans request is that his children (should) give him some money to live on every mon

8、th. 句子主語是表示“愿望” 、“勸告”、“建議”、“主張”、“決定”等 行為動(dòng)詞派生出的同根名詞時(shí)， 表語從句常用虛擬語氣 “(should+) 動(dòng) 詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)。這類名詞有 suggestion, proposal, request, advice, decision, requirement 等。 4. 同位語從句 What do you think of Mr Li s proposal that we (should) have a get together next Friday? My wish that a teaching building (should) be buil

9、t here will soon come true. 同位語從句中用虛擬語氣的情況與表語從句類似。 從句的先行詞 是表示“ 愿望”、“勸告”、“建議”、“主張”、“命令”、“決定”等行為 動(dòng)詞派生出來的同根名詞時(shí)， 同位語從句常用虛擬語氣 “(should+) 動(dòng) 詞原形” 結(jié)構(gòu)。這類名詞與上面所講的表語從句中的一樣。 補(bǔ)充： It is (high) time that the child went to bed. 在it is (high) time + (that)從句中，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞通常用過去 時(shí)(或should+動(dòng)詞原形)表示虛擬。 強(qiáng)化練習(xí)： 1. She noticed h

10、ow nervous he was and he should stand near the stage where he could watch and follow the play. A. agreed B. suggested C. persuaded D. encouraged 2. Janes pale face suggested that she ill, and her parents suggested that she a medical examination. A. be should have B. was; have C. should be had D. was

11、; had 3. It is necessary that the question A. be settled B. must settle C. settle D. could be settled 4. They received orders that the work at once. A. must be done B. would be done C. had been done D. be done 5. The young man insisted that he nothing wrong and free. A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. do; be set D. had done ; must be set 6. My suggestion was that the meeting off till next week. A. to put B. be put C, shouldD. be putting 7. “Have you ever been to Beijing?”“No, but I wish I A. have B. will C. do D. had 8. it is time (that) we to bet. A. must goB. will goC. went