[語言類考試復(fù)習(xí)資料大全]專升本英語閱讀理解分類模擬165

1、書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘學(xué)子：學(xué)業(yè)有成，金榜題名！語言類考試復(fù)習(xí)資料大全專升本英語閱讀理解分類模擬165專升本英語閱讀理解分類模擬165Reading ComprehensionPassage 1 Tides are created mainly by the pull of the moon on the earth. The moons pull causes water in the oceans to be a little deeper at a point closest to the moon and also at a point farthest from

2、 the moon on the opposite side of the earth. These two tidal waves follow the apparent movement of the moon around the earth and strike nearly every coast line at intervals of about twelve hours and twenty-five minutes. After reaching a high point, the water level goes down gradually for a little mo

3、re than six hours and then begins to rise toward a new high point. Hence, most coast lines have two tides a day and the tides occur fifty minutes later each day. Differences in the coast line and in channels in the ocean bottom may change the time that the tidal wave reaches different points along t

4、he same coast line. The difference in water level between high and low tide varies from day to day according to the relative positions of the sun and the moon. The sun also exerts a pull on the earth, although it is only about half as strong as the pull of the tides arise higher and when they pull a

5、t right angles to one another, the tide is lower. The formation of the coast line and variations in the weather are additional factors which can affect the height of tides. Some sections of the coast are shaped in such a way as to cause much higher tides than are experienced in other areas. A strong

6、 wind blowing toward the shore may also cause tides to the higher. 1. Which of the following is right according to the passage? _A.Some coast lines do not have two tides each day.B.Tides are not affected by the shape of coast line.C.The sun has as much effect on tides as does the moon.D.Tides usuall

7、y rise to the same land day after day.答案:A解析 推理判斷題 由文章第五句中“.most coast lines have two tides a day and the tides occur fifty minutes later each day. ”可推斷并不是所有的海岸線一天都會(huì)經(jīng)歷兩次潮汐。故選A。 參考譯文 潮汐主要是由月球?qū)Φ厍虻囊Ξa(chǎn)生的。月亮的引力使近月點(diǎn)處和地球另一端的遠(yuǎn)月點(diǎn)處海洋的海水略深一些。這兩個(gè)潮汐波跟著月亮圍繞地球轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)每隔約十二小時(shí)二十五分鐘就會(huì)撞擊海岸線。在到達(dá)一個(gè)高點(diǎn)后，水位逐漸下降并延續(xù)6個(gè)多小時(shí)，然后又開始上漲并推

8、向一個(gè)新的高度。因此，大部分海岸線一天有兩個(gè)潮汐而且潮汐每天推后50分鐘。海岸線的差異和洋底的溝渠可能會(huì)改變潮波到達(dá)相同海岸線的不同地點(diǎn)的時(shí)間。隨著太陽和月亮之間相對(duì)位置的變化，高低潮之間的水位變化也會(huì)逐日不同。太陽也會(huì)對(duì)地球產(chǎn)生拉力，盡管它只有大約漲潮時(shí)拉力的一半強(qiáng)度，當(dāng)它們?cè)诤线m的角度相互吸引時(shí)，潮水就會(huì)變低。海岸線的形狀和天氣的變化也是另外影響潮汐高度的因素。有些海岸的形狀會(huì)比別的地方能引起更高的潮水波。吹向岸邊的強(qiáng)勁的風(fēng)也可能導(dǎo)致潮汐變得更高。 2. The time that high tide occurs at a particular place is affected by

9、all of the following EXCEPT _.A.the direction of the windB.channels in the sea bottomC.variations in the coast lineD.the position of the moon答案:A解析 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 文章第六句中“Differences in the coast line and in channels in the ocean bottom may change the time that the tidal wave reaches different points along th

10、e same coast line. ”提到了B與C，而第七句“The difference in water level between high and low tide varies from day to day according to the relative positions of the sun and the moon. ”提到了D，沒有提到A。 3. Which of the following is an accurate statement about the pull of the sun on the earth? _A.It is about twice the

11、 pull of the moon.B.It determines the time of high tide.C.It determines the time of low tide.D.It is about half the pull of the moon.答案:D解析 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 文章第八句“The sun also exerts a pull on the earth, although it is only about half as strong as the pull of the tides arise higher and when they pull at right

12、angles to one another.”此句關(guān)鍵理解it指代的是“the sun”。 4. The height of the tide is affected by all of the following EXCEPT _.A.the position of the sunB.channels in the sea bottomC.the direction of the windD.variations in the coast line答案:B解析 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 文章第八句中“.the tides arise higher and when they pull at right a

13、ngles to one another, the tide is lower. ”指的是A；第九句中“The formation of the coast line and variations in the weather are additional factors.”指的是D；最后一句中的“A strong wind blowing toward the shore may also cause tides to the higher. ”指的是C。只有B沒有提到。 5. Tides would _ if the pull of the moon equaled the pull of

14、 the sun.A.be the same height as they are nowB.be of equal height all the timeC.sometimes be higher than they are nowD.no longer be affected by the wind答案:C解析 推理判斷題 由文章內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)太陽和月亮在合適的角度相互吸引時(shí)，潮水會(huì)變低，而太陽的引力只有月亮的一半。據(jù)此可推斷當(dāng)太陽和月亮的引力相等時(shí)，潮水會(huì)漲高。因此正確答案為C。 Passage 2 During the Christmas shopping rush in London,

15、 a story was reported of a tramp (流浪者) who, apparently through no fault of his own, found himself locked in a well-known chain store late on Christmas Eve. No doubt the store was crowded with last-minute Christmas shoppers and the staff were dead beat and longing to get home. Presumably all the prop

16、er security checks were made before the store was locked and they left to enjoy the three-day holiday untroubled by customers desperate to get last-minute Christmas presents. However that may be, our tramp found himself alone in the store and decided to make the best of it. There was food, drink, be

17、dding and camping equipment, of which he made good use. There must also have been television sets and radios. Though it was not reported if he took advantage of these facilities, when the shop re-opened, he was discovered in bed with a large number of empty bottles beside him. He seems to have been

18、a man of good humor and philosophic temperamentas indeed tramps very commonly are. Everyone else was enjoying Christmas, so he saw no good reason why he should not do the same. He submitted (屈服), cheerful enough, to being taken away by the police. Perhaps he had had a better Christmas than usual. He

19、 was sent to prison for seven days. The judge awarded no compensation to the chain store for the food and drink our tramp had consumed. They had, in his opinion, already received valuable free publicity from the coverage the story received in the newspapers and on television. 1. The tramp was locked

20、 in the store _.A.through an error of his ownB.for security reasonsC.by accidentD.on purpose答案:C解析 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 文章中說這個(gè)流浪者在購物高峰期時(shí)被鎖在商店里。文章第一句中“.who, apparently through no fault of his own.”，即是選項(xiàng)C的意思。 參考譯文 在倫敦圣誕購物的高峰期，據(jù)說一個(gè)流浪漢，在圣誕前夜發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被鎖在一家著名的連鎖店內(nèi)，這顯然不是因?yàn)樗约旱腻e(cuò)誤。毫無疑問，當(dāng)時(shí)商店里擠滿了圣誕節(jié)最后瘋狂購物的顧客，服務(wù)員也已筋疲力盡并渴望下班回家。大概在商

21、店鎖門前也適當(dāng)?shù)倪M(jìn)行了安全檢查，于是他們就離開了，開始享受無憂無慮的三天假期，而疲于應(yīng)付急于最后時(shí)刻購買圣誕禮物的顧客了。 不管怎樣，當(dāng)這位流浪漢發(fā)現(xiàn)自己獨(dú)自一人在店里時(shí)，他決定要充分利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。這里有吃的、喝的、床上用品和宿營設(shè)備，他都可以好好的使用。商店里也一定有電視和收音機(jī)。雖然沒有報(bào)道他是否利用了這些設(shè)施，但當(dāng)商店再次開張時(shí)，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)他躺在一張床上，身邊有很多空瓶子。他顯示出流浪漢常有的那種神情悠閑的好心情。大家都在歡度圣誕，所以他也沒有理由不好好地歡度一下這個(gè)節(jié)日。他向警察屈服了并且似乎很樂意被帶走。也許他今年過了一個(gè)比以往都好的圣誕節(jié)。他被判入獄七天，法官卻沒判他賠償連鎖店的食物

22、和飲料。在他看來，連鎖店已從報(bào)紙和電視對(duì)此事的報(bào)道中得到了有價(jià)值的免費(fèi)廣告宣傳。 2. The staff were dead beat in the first paragraph means that they were _.A.woundedB.exhaustedC.irritableD.forgetful答案:B解析 詞語理解題 根據(jù)上下文來看，商店里人滿為患，職工肯定是累壞了，而與wounded(受傷)，irritable(不安的)，forgetful(健忘的)等詞無關(guān)。 3. What did the tramp do after he had been locked in? _A

23、.He stole some expensive items from the store.B.He made himself at home.C.He kept himself in bed for 3 days.D.He had a Christmas party.答案:B解析 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 文章第二段開頭提到“However that may be, our tramp found himself alone in the store and decided to make the best of it. ”與B選項(xiàng)相符。 4. When the tramp was arrested, h

24、e _.A.gave good reasons to protect himselfB.was drunkC.felt rather sadD.seemed to be willing to be taken away答案:D解析 推理判斷題 文章第二段第七句中提到“He submitted (屈服), cheerful enough, to being taken away by the police. Perhaps he had a better Christmas than usual. ”可以推出他似乎非常樂意被帶走的。因此正確答案為D。 5. The judge did not a

25、ward compensation to the chain store because he thought that _.A.the tramp had stolen nothing of valueB.the store had profited by the incidentC.the tramp deserved a happy ChristmasD.the store was responsible for what had happened答案:B解析 推理判斷題 根據(jù)文章最后一句話“They had, in his opinion, already received valua

26、ble free publicity from the coverage the story received in the newspapers and on television. ”可知商店因此得到了免費(fèi)的宣傳效應(yīng)。故選B。宣傳。 Passage 3 As suppliers of most of the food we eat and of raw materials for many of industrial processes, agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy. But the industrial

27、performance of agriculture is even more important than this, or in nations where the productivity of farmers is low, most of the working population is needed to raise food and few people are available for production of investment goods or for other activities required for economic growth. Indeed, on

28、e of the factors related most closely to the per capital income (人均收入) of a nation is the fraction of its population engaged in farming. In the poorest nations of the world more than half of the population lives on farms. This compares sharply with less than 10 percent in Western Europe and less tha

29、n 4 percent in the United States. In short, the course of economic development in general depends in a fundamental way on the performance of farmers. This performance, in turn, depends on how agriculture is organized and on the economic environment or market structure, within which it functions. In

30、the following pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. It is appropriate to begin with a consideration of its market structure. 1. This passage is most probably _.A.a news itemB.part of an introduction of a bookC.part of a lectureD.an advertisement答案:B解析 推理判斷題 由文章倒數(shù)第二句“In the follo

31、wing pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. ”可以推斷此文是節(jié)選自某本書的序言。 參考譯文 作為我們食用的大部分食物和許多工業(yè)過程中原料的供應(yīng)者，農(nóng)業(yè)顯然是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的一個(gè)重要領(lǐng)域。但農(nóng)業(yè)的產(chǎn)業(yè)性能更為重要，或者說在一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)率低下的國家，需要更多的勞動(dòng)人口來提高糧食生產(chǎn)，因此很少有人從事投資貨物的生產(chǎn)或進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)增長所必需的其他活動(dòng)。事實(shí)上，與一個(gè)國家人均收入密切相關(guān)的因素是從事農(nóng)業(yè)的人口數(shù)目。在世界上最貧窮的國家中就有超過一半的人口在農(nóng)場上工作。相比之下，西歐不到10%，而美國不到4%。 簡言之，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的過

32、程一般要基本建立在農(nóng)民的表現(xiàn)之上。農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展又會(huì)反過來依靠其自身組織和經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境及市場結(jié)構(gòu)。在隨后的章節(jié)中探討了美國的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展。從考慮其市場結(jié)構(gòu)開始是合適的。 2. What is most important to agriculture is _.A.the amount of food it producesB.the per capital income of farmersC.its industrial performanceD.the production of investment goods答案:C解析 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 根據(jù)第一段第二句中“But the industrial pe

33、rformance of agriculture is even more important than this.”可知應(yīng)選C。 3. The word this in Line 3 refers to _.A.the provision of food and raw materialsB.the productivity of farmersC.the production of investment goodsD.the economy as a whole答案:A解析 詞語理解題 由this前面的“As suppliers of most of the food we eat and

34、 of raw materials for many of industrial processes, agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy. ”可推斷A正確。 4. The performance of farmers essentially determines _.A.the size of the working populationB.the organization of agricultureC.the market structureD.the general development of economy

35、答案:D解析 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 由第二段第一句“In short, the course of economic development in general depends in a fundamental way on the performance of farmers. ”可知答案為D。 5. This passage will most probably be followed by a discussion of _.A.the structure of American farming populationB.the market structure of American agric

36、ultureC.the various functions of American agricultureD.the organization of American agriculture答案:B解析 推理判斷題 文章第二段最后兩句說到“In the following pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. It is appropriate to begin with a consideration of its market structure. ”故選B。 Passage 4 Before 1945, ha

37、rdly anyone outside of New Mexico had ever heard of Alamogordo. In 1960 its population numbered 21,723. Ever since 1898, when the town had been built by the Southern Pacific Railroad, Alamogordo had been a lonely town. The land around it was largely desert, and largely empty. Because it was isolated

38、 and because the weather was almost always clear and beautiful; a spot of desert near Alamogordo was chosen as the test site for the first atomic bomb ever exploded. The secret name of the test was Zero. At dawn on July 16, 1945, the atomic bomb was set off. Observers agreed that they had witnessed

39、something unlike anything ever seen by men before: a huge colorful fireball, more brilliant than the sun, flashing as it rose for miles into the air. Never before had men released so much power at one time, nor had any nation ever possessed a weapon as terrible and destructive as the atomic bomb. Fo

40、r several weeks, the test was kept secret. When an atomic bomb was dropped from an American plane on Hiroshima, Japan, newspapers and radio stations all over America told of the test of the bomb in New Mexico. Almost everybody was amazed to learn where the bomb had been made and tested; the deserts

41、of the Southwest had hidden the secret well. When news of the atomic bomb and its destructiveness was announced, people all over the world wondered what other new weapons were being prepared in New Mexico desert. Some people doubted that the secret making atomic bombs could be kept from other countr

42、ies. Some even doubted the wisdom of using so powerful a weapon. But no one doubted that a new kind of warand a new kind of worldhad begun at Alamogordo, one summer morning in 1946. 1. What is the main topic of this passage? _A.The secret of Alamogordo.B.A new kind of war.C.The destructive force of

43、the first atomic bomb.D.The selection of the test site for the first atomic bomb.答案:A解析 主旨大意題 文章主要記述了阿拉莫戈多的秘密，即它是一個(gè)研究原子彈的秘密基地。故A正確。 參考譯文 在1945年以前，新墨西哥州以外幾乎沒有人聽說過阿拉莫戈多(美國新墨西哥州南部城市)。在1960年，它的人口共有21723人。自從1898年，阿拉莫戈多在南太平洋鐵路邊建立之前就一直是個(gè)獨(dú)立的城鎮(zhèn)，四周的大部分地方都是空曠的沙漠和大片的空地。 因?yàn)樗幹仄Ф姨鞖鈼l件又很好，阿拉莫戈多附近的一塊沙漠被選為第一顆原子彈爆發(fā)

44、的測試地點(diǎn)。這個(gè)秘密試驗(yàn)的名字叫“零”。 在1945年7月16日的黎明時(shí)分，原子彈被引爆了。觀察家們說，他們目睹了一些人們之前未曾見過的情景：一個(gè)巨大的彩球，比太陽更加輝煌，閃耀著光芒升入空中數(shù)英里。人類從來沒有一下子釋放過這么大的能量，也沒有任何一個(gè)國家擁有過像原子彈這么可怕和具有巨大破壞力的武器。 幾個(gè)星期中，這場試驗(yàn)一直是保密的。當(dāng)一顆原子彈從美國的飛機(jī)上投到日本廣島時(shí)，整個(gè)美國的報(bào)紙和廣播電臺(tái)才開始報(bào)道新墨西哥的這次試驗(yàn)。每個(gè)人都很吃驚地了解到炸彈制造和測試的地點(diǎn)，西南沙漠把秘密藏匿得很嚴(yán)實(shí)。 當(dāng)原子彈以及它的破壞力的消息宣布之后，全世界的人都在猜想新墨西哥沙漠中還在準(zhǔn)備些什么其他的新