【中考英語】中考作文14個專項寫作訓練 適合于各年級的學生（共62頁）

1、英語作文14講第 一 講句子的寫作（五大句型 ）寫作指導(dǎo)針對性練習滿分作文必備詞句實戰(zhàn)演練家庭作業(yè)師生互動、發(fā)散性思維、 演練結(jié)合、當堂點評。第 二 講句子的寫作（簡單句和復(fù)合句）第 三 講段落的寫作：主題與擴展 第 四 講文章的結(jié)構(gòu)：開頭、主體和結(jié)尾第 五 講應(yīng)用文：書信、電子郵件第 六 講應(yīng)用文：發(fā)言稿、通知第 七 講記敘文：寫人、敘事第 八 講說明文：介紹人物、事物的說明文第 九 講議論文第 十 講圖表、圖畫作文第十一講提示性作文第十二講（半）開放式作文第十三講體驗中考高分寫作（一）第十四講體驗中考高分寫作（二）第一講：句子的寫作. 中考書面表達綜述1. 中考書面表達答題步驟步驟1: 認

2、真審題。內(nèi)容包括：a) 文字信息b) 表格、圖標信息步驟2: 巧妙構(gòu)思。利用列提綱確定寫作中心、組織/篩檢材料（注：提綱一定要涉及所有提供得要點）。步驟3: 信息轉(zhuǎn)換a) 以詞及點：用一兩個單詞或短語寫出每句話的細節(jié)要點。b) 連詞成句：用聯(lián)詞成句的方法將上述要點的詞語擴展成句子。c) 連句成文：正確使用表邏輯關(guān)系的連接詞，使文章前后連貫，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，過度自然。步驟4: 檢查修改。重點檢查單詞拼寫、大小寫、標點符號等。步驟5: 規(guī)范抄寫。保持卷面整潔。如書寫較差，以致影響閱讀，分數(shù)將降低一個檔次。2. 案例分析例題：你班進行了一次綜合實踐活動。通過活動，同學們收獲很大，尤其是李華同學進步最快。請

3、你根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容寫一篇關(guān)于李華的短文。詞數(shù)80個左右，文章開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。過去的表現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在的表現(xiàn)經(jīng)常與別人吵架與別人相處融洽亂扔垃圾愛護環(huán)境沉溺于電腦游戲積極參加各種活動l 參考作文對比，注意劃線部分。三類一般作文一類優(yōu)秀作文we are very glad that li hua has made great progress. before the activity, he often quarreled with other students, and never said sorry to others. he always threw trash in the classroo

4、m. sometimes, he played computer games for a very long time. but now, he can make good friends with others. also, he is very active in taking part in a lot of activities, such as playing basketball, visiting the museums, go swimming. we all like him very much.we are very glad that li hua has made gr

5、eat progress. but he used to be impolite and even often quarreled with others. he threw litter about and made our classroom dirty. after class, he usually lost himself in playing computer games. after this activity, li hua has changed a lot. he gets on well with others and is ready to help them. he

6、also takes good care of the environment. he takes an active part in all kinds of activities, too. we are all glad of his progress.（初一、初二）練習題：通過討論、分析以下例題，找出寫作題材、要點、人稱和時態(tài)。例題：下面六幅圖描述了十月九日星期三早晨你所經(jīng)歷的一件事。請根據(jù)這些圖畫，用英語寫一篇日記。注意：1. 日記須包括所有圖畫的內(nèi)容，可以適當增加細節(jié)，使其連貫。2. 詞數(shù)：100 左右。. 句子的寫作 文章無論長短，都是由句子組成的。要想寫出漂亮的英文作文，就需使

7、用正確無誤的、符合英文文法的句子。從用途來分，句子可以分為陳述句，疑問句，祈使句和感嘆句；從結(jié)構(gòu)來分，句子可分為簡單句，并列句，復(fù)合句和并列復(fù)合句。英文句子千變?nèi)f化，但無論怎樣，都離不開五種基本句型。1. 寫作指導(dǎo)-五種基本句型（1）主語+謂語 my father smokes a lot. some are dancing, some are singing.（2）主語+連系動詞+表語she is an english teacher.the one in red shirt is my uncle.（3）主語+謂語+賓語he likes learning chinese.we all do

8、nated our pocket money.（4）主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語mr. wang teaches us english.i lent her my book.【注意】并不是所有得動詞都能用于此句型。除以上兩詞外，能用于此句型的動詞主要有兩大類: (1) bring, give, sell, show, take, tell, throw, write等；(2) buy, find, get, leave, make, save, choose等。（5）主語+謂語+賓語+賓補i often ask him to help me with my homework.we chose

9、 him our monitor.練習題（一）、請將下列詞連成句子。1). walk, supper, shall, we, have, after, a ?_2). i, him, my, considered, friend, best._3). has, homework, he, not, done, his._4). to, work, finish, we, difficult, the, it, found._練習題（二）、分析句子并改錯。1). there was no people to take care of the children.改：_2). there are a

10、 desk and two chairs in the room.改：_3). mr. wang went to bed until 12 last night.改：_4). when one have knowledge, he can do what he want to do.改：_5). when i get to the station the train leave.改：_6). could you tell me where shall we meet tomorrow?改：_7). watch tv too much is bad for our eyes.改：_8). tho

11、ugh we were very tired, but we felt very happy.改：_2. 滿分作文 用優(yōu)美的語言描寫你的學校。要求：請你用英語寫一篇短文，詞數(shù)80左右。短文要求達意、正確、連貫。my schoolat the foot of the mountain there is a river. by the river there is a small school.the school has no tall building. it has only four old houses. though old, it is funny and interesting.b

12、efore the houses there is a wooden yard. students can play freely there after classes. behind the houses there is a nut garden. when autumn comes, the nuts are in harvest. they are delicious.on the top of a house there stands a big iron bowl. do you know what it is? it is used to receive tv programs

13、. wth its help students can know the world far away. its amazing, isnt it? this is my school. please come and see it.3. 必備（背）詞句。要求仿例模仿造句。be crazy about 發(fā)狂的喜歡例句：i am really crazy about michael jacksons rocknroll. 造句_ give sb. a hand / give a hand to sb. 幫助某人翻譯：向危難之人伸出援助之手。_ the 比較級 the 比較級 越越翻譯：你越努力，

14、你進步越大。_ make (full) use of （充分）利用翻譯：我們應(yīng)該充分利用水。_ theres no point in doing sth. 做某事無意義、沒必要翻譯：等待毫無意義。 _ would rather do sth. than do sth. 寧愿（可）做 不愿做翻譯：我寧愿在家看電視也不愿去看電影。_.4. 實戰(zhàn)演練：佳句仿寫a) to tell you the truth, all of us were born in the year of goat. 實話告訴你吧，我們都是羊年出生的。 實話告訴你吧，她是我們班學習最好的。_.b) helen is the m

15、ost beautiful girl that i have ever seen. 海倫是我見過最美麗的女孩。 張老師是我遇到的最仁慈的老師。_.c) reading is good for our mind. 讀書對我們的心智有益。 做早操對我們有好處。_.d) nothing is difficult to do as long as you want to have a try. 只要肯嘗試，任何事情都不難！只要你需要我，我就愿意伸出援助之手。 _.書面表達評分標準：說明：先根據(jù)文章整體內(nèi)容和語言表達確定檔次，然后在該檔次內(nèi)評出分數(shù)。第一檔：（1210分） 完全符合題目要求，表達思想清楚

16、，內(nèi)容豐富。使用多種語法結(jié)構(gòu)和豐富的詞匯，語言通順，語意連貫，具有邏輯性。允許個別語言錯誤。第二檔：（97分） 符合題目要求，表達思想基本清楚，內(nèi)容完整。語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯基本滿足文章需要。語言基本通順，語意基本連貫。有少量語言錯誤，但不影響整體理解。第三檔：（64分） 部分內(nèi)容符合題目要求，表達思想不清楚，內(nèi)容不完整。語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯錯誤較多，語言不通順，影響整體理解。第四檔：（30分） 與題目有關(guān)的內(nèi)容不多，不能表達自己的思想。只是簡單拼湊提示詞語，所寫內(nèi)容難以理解。5. 初二家庭作業(yè)：根據(jù)中、英文提示，將下列要點連成一個小段落tomappearance又高又壯personalities隨和；有

17、創(chuàng)新精神 (creative)shortcomings(缺點)花錢太多your opinion(s)_初三家庭作業(yè) 作文北京四中2009 根據(jù)中文大意，寫出意思連貫、符合邏輯、不少于50詞的短文。所給英語提示詞語供選用。 目前洋快餐在中國非常流行，許多中學生都很喜歡。洋快餐餐廳不僅擁有較好的環(huán)境，而且能夠提供方便快捷的服務(wù)。但是請結(jié)合你自己的經(jīng)歷，談?wù)勀銓ρ罂觳偷目捶ā?提示詞語：foreign fast food, popular, like, clean, service, fast and convenient （方便的）, too much_作文講座收獲的短語、句型發(fā)狂的喜歡向某人伸出

18、援手(2)越 越. 充分利用做某事無意義，沒必要寧愿做某事不愿做.實話告訴你吧我見過的最美的女孩做早操對我們有好處只要. 如此.以至于. 作文北京四中2009 答案 foreign fast food is so popular in china that many students like eating it. they like eating in fast food restaurants because most of them are clean and the service is fast and convenient. but fast food has too much s

19、alt, sugar and fat, and eating it too much is bad for peoples health. although the fast food is not very healthy to us, i like it because it is quite different from chinese food and it tastes good. when we hold a party, we usually choose eating there. but i dont think its all right to eat foreign fa

20、st food very often. if we eat it only once a month, we neednt worry about anything. 第二講：句子的寫作-簡單句和復(fù)合句中考書面表達對優(yōu)秀作文要求之一是句法的正確使用。簡單句與復(fù)合句的選擇和靈活運用不但可以增強文章的表現(xiàn)力，而且還使文章富有節(jié)奏感。寫出漂亮的簡單句，使簡單句不簡單；巧妙使用各種復(fù)合句，提升文章的檔次。這是寫出優(yōu)秀作文的必要條件。【切記】考試時不使用沒有把握的句子。. 簡單句1. 寫作指導(dǎo)-精彩的簡單句（1）連詞詞組、介詞短語和動詞固定搭配的使用：此部分內(nèi)容需考生熟練掌握。a) 連詞詞組：botha

21、nd, neithernor, eitheror, as well as等b) 介詞短語：fromto，till/until, by means of, in favor of等c) 動詞固定搭配：make progress, have fun, take time, keep a promise等（2）感嘆句的使用：熟練使用以how和what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，突出說話人的強烈情感。a) what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主語(it)+謂語(is)!b) how+adj.(adv.)+主語(it)+謂語(is)!（3）強調(diào)句的使用：強調(diào)句的種類繁多，也是考試的難點之一。在使用時，考生需要根據(jù)

22、自身實力酌情選擇。以下是書面表達中易掌握的強調(diào)句式。a) do(does/did)+動詞原形b) it引導(dǎo)的強調(diào)句：it is (was)+被強調(diào)部分+that (who)+句子其他部分c) 倒裝句：倒裝是考試難點中的難點。書面表達中可能用到的兩種倒裝句式：l only+狀語+助動詞(情態(tài)動詞)+主語+謂語l so(neither/nor)+助動詞(系動詞/情態(tài)動詞)+主語 (so表示肯定意義、neither/nor表示否定意義)2. 練習：用以下詞組填空by means of keep promise in favor ofas well as neithernor take time1)

23、_ i _ she is a teacher.我和她都不是老師。2) fei junlong _ yang liwei are the national heroes.費俊龍和楊利偉一樣也成為了人民英雄。3) she tried to explain _body language.她試著通過肢體語言來解釋。4) im _his opinion.我同意他的觀點。5) english studying_.學英語很花費時間。6) i must _my _.我得遵守諾言/我不能食言。. 復(fù)合句1. 寫作指導(dǎo)（1）熟悉各種從句的結(jié)構(gòu)。復(fù)合句是初中階段重要的語法項目，是中考考察的重點。希望大家熟練掌握常用

24、復(fù)合句的構(gòu)成、先行詞/引導(dǎo)詞、主句和從句的時態(tài)等。（2）掌握句型轉(zhuǎn)換技巧。很多同學都存在概念混淆、理解不透徹的問題。因此，建議大家在做書面表達題時盡量將較長的、復(fù)雜的復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)換成我們比較習慣的簡單句。提高訓練自己用多種方式表達相同意思的能力。2. 練習（一）、將下列含賓語從句的復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)換為簡單句1) we cant decide what we should do. (用不定式替換) _.2) i remember that i once met her at a party. (用動詞固定搭配替換) _.（二）、將下列含狀語從句的復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)化為簡單句1) he studied hard in

25、order that he could pass the exam. (用介詞短語替換) _.2） turn off the light before you leave the classroom. (用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)替換) _.（三）、用兩種方法表達同樣的意思1）他們玩得很開心。(提示：have a good time; enjoy oneself) _. _.2）我六點才到家。(提示：when; notuntil) _. _. 滿分作文快餐在中國很流行，但快餐對人體卻沒什么好處。請根據(jù)下面中文提示，以“fast food”為題，寫一篇80詞左右得英語短文。提示：（1）快餐十分流行，尤其是兒童很

26、喜歡；（2）快餐受歡迎的原因：方便(convenient)、省時；既可在快餐店吃可以帶家吃；（3）從營養(yǎng)角度講快餐食品不利于健康；（4）建議：如時間來不及可吃快餐，但兒童應(yīng)盡量少吃。要求：句子通順，語言表達正確，可適當增加細節(jié)使內(nèi)容連貫。fast foodfast food is becoming more and more popular in china, especially among children.there are several reasons for the fast food. first, it is very convenient and save time. sec

27、ond, you can either eat it in the restaurant or take it home. third, the service is quite good.however, eating fast food too much will do harm to our health. i think fast food is only a good choice when you are in a hurry. its good for people, especially children, to eat fast food as little as possi

28、ble. 必備（背）詞句a) both and 和都例句：both you and i are good students.你和我都是好學生。b) either or 不是就是/或例句：_.你可以在早晨或在臨睡前記單詞。c) not until 直到才例句：_.直到中午我們才趕到目的地（destination）。（嘗試用倒裝句表達）d) make progress 取得進步例句：we are eager to make progress.我們很渴望取得進步。e) not only but also 不但而且例句：_.我不但喜歡音樂，而且還喜歡體育。(嘗試用倒裝句表達)f) too to 太以至

29、于不例句：i was too excited to go to sleep.我太興奮了以至于無法入睡。. 實戰(zhàn)演練：用另外一種方法表達a) 年齡 she is 8 years old. _.b) 外貌 she has a round face and big eyes. _.c) 性格 she is kind and easy to get along with. _.d) 愛好 she likes reading and music. _.e) 體重 she weighs 32 kilos. _. 家庭作業(yè)：翻譯下列句子1) _.只有努力我們才能取得最后的成功。（強調(diào)句）2) _. 是我父親

30、昨天晚上在實驗室做實驗（強調(diào)句）3) _. 千萬保重?。◤娬{(diào)句）4) _.那時我才意識到英語的重要性。（強調(diào)句）5) _.約翰從沒遲到過，我也從來沒有過。（倒裝句）短文：根據(jù)下列中文提示，寫一篇詞數(shù)在80左右的短文.提示：1. 昨天在上學的路上，你 看見一個盲人在過馬路，你給予幫助；2. 知道她要去第一人民醫(yī)院買藥，你一直把他送到英語才去上學；3. 你的老師了解情況后，說你做的對，你感到很高興。_第三講：段落的寫作 段落是由一組共同表示一個中心思想的許多句子組合而成的。雖然每個段落都是文章的一部分，但它本身具有一定的完整性，即：思想內(nèi)容的一致和句子的前后連貫性。. 寫作指導(dǎo)1. 概括性的主題句

31、：每個段落都需有一個明確的主題句。主題句一般位于段首。主題句的功能：（1）為筆者提供緊緊圍繞寫作目標的方法；【提示】主題句中的“中心詞/中心思想”是選擇支持事例或細節(jié)的標桿。（2）為讀者提供理解作者想表述內(nèi)容的工具。2. 層次分明的事例和細節(jié)：仔細篩選事例或細節(jié)。所選事例/細節(jié)應(yīng)從不同角度、不同深度解釋、延展、支持、說明主題句的中心詞/思想。事例和細節(jié)的選擇應(yīng)注意：（1）每個事例/細節(jié)都應(yīng)“服務(wù)/從屬”于主題句的主旨，即主題句的中心詞/中心思想；（2）相關(guān)事例/細節(jié)必須充分且有序排列；（3）巧妙運用關(guān)聯(lián)詞將事例與事例、細節(jié)與細節(jié)有機連接。（參照關(guān)聯(lián)詞部分）3. 簡潔明確、與主題句呼應(yīng)的總結(jié)句：

32、總結(jié)段落大意，位于段尾。練習一：分析對比以下兩段文字，并根據(jù)要求完成任務(wù)。sample passage one (例文一)sample passage two (例文二)title:_title:_i had a wonderful summer. first, i started sleeping in every day. i would then go swimming with my friends. i stayed up late watching tv a lot, and i went to camp for a week. i wished my summer would n

33、ever end!i like our english teacher. he is thirty-three years old. he is very strict with us, but very kind. he likes playing basketball. his class is very interesting and lively. he works hard. i like him and my maths teacher.任務(wù)：1. 用下劃線標出以上兩段文字的主題句。2. 分別列出例文一和例文二中支持主題句的事例/細節(jié)。3. 如果你是評分老師，你會給哪段文字打高分？

34、為什么？4. 請給每段文字加一個標題。練習二：認真閱讀下列主題句。(1) 找出以下每句的中心詞 (2) 給出2-3個支持事例或細節(jié) (3) 以一句話做總結(jié)1. this weekend i helped my parents with chores.l 中心詞：_l 支持事例/細節(jié)：_l 總結(jié)句：_2. there are some advantages to taking additional classes after school.l 中心詞：_l 支持事例/細節(jié)：_l 總結(jié)句：_3. i like collecting stamps.l 中心詞：_l 支持事例/細節(jié)：_l 總結(jié)句：_4

35、. in the past, students had too much homework.l 中心詞：_l 支持事例/細節(jié)：_l 總結(jié)句：_. 滿分作文根據(jù)下列內(nèi)容提示，些一篇80詞左右得日記。內(nèi)容要點：（1） 2月8日（星期六，晴天）上午8：30；（2） 兩支足球隊：老年隊（the aged team）和少年隊（the teenagers team），最大的隊員91歲，最小的隊員9歲；（3） 上半場老年隊以3-2獲勝，第二場老年隊體力欠佳，最后少年隊5-4贏得球賽。saturday february 8th fine there was a special football game to

36、day. it attracted many people. the game was between the aged team and the teenagers team. the oldest player was 91 years old while the youngest was only 9. the game started at 8:30 in the morning. the aged team won the first half. the score was 3 to 2. but in the second half, they felt a bit tired. the teens were still fully of energy. the audience cheered for both teams. in th