初中英語選詞填空解題技巧

1、v1.0可編輯可修改初中英語選詞填空解題技巧根據(jù)平時的觀察，學生在做英語的“選詞填空”時，遭遇較多困難，有的甚至條件 反射一樣畏懼或厭煩。在此，分享平時積累的解題技巧和訓練技巧略，希望能給同學們 提供一點幫助?！斑x詞填空”要求學生利用所給的12個詞匯（一般有名詞、代詞、動詞、形容詞、 副詞、數(shù)詞、冠詞、介詞和連詞等）補全一篇有10個空缺的短文。要攻克這一難關，學 生除了要進行大量的課外閱讀，積累豐富的語言知識外，還需掌握一定的解題技巧。1. 在拿到題目后，不要急于看文章首先|對備選的詞匯研究|幾遍，對詞性作簡單的 標記，例如：名詞-n.,動詞-v.，形容詞-a.，畐U詞-ad.等等。同時對詞義

2、作初步的理 解。2. 通讀全文，語義完整、適用、合乎邏輯是做好填詞的前提。通過上、下文的句子， 充分理解短文的內(nèi)可，注意發(fā)現(xiàn)固定搭配|關系，憑借語感積極主動地|猜測空格|中所缺的 信息，根據(jù)需要去備選詞匯中尋找匹配的答案。3. 在選定單詞后，|不要輕率地填入。在填詞過程中，需要瞻前顧后，既要符合本句 的含義，又要保證句式結(jié)構的正確。對于詞，要考慮是否要把它|變成復數(shù)|或| “所有格”形式。例如:match-matches, friend-friends/friends。其他還要考慮名詞是否需要變成形容詞，例如：sun-sunny,use-useful/useless/used, dan ger

3、-da ngerous；對于動詞，要有意識地去考慮 時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化 以及非謂語動詞形式的變化（動詞不定式-to do, 現(xiàn)在分詞-doing, 過去分詞-done, 固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth. done ）；對于形容詞和副詞L要主動去判定它們之間的 相互轉(zhuǎn)換，是否需要變成比較級或最高 級，還有以及形容詞變名詞的需求也需考慮，例如:interesting-more /the mostin teresti ng, happy-happily， happy -happ in ess;對于代詞，注意辨別主格、賓格、名詞性和形容詞性物

4、主代詞或反身代詞的用法;1111對于數(shù)詞，要注意基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的變化以及分數(shù)和虛實數(shù)的用法，例如：three-third,2/3-two thirds, one thousa nd/thousa nds of；對于冠詞，只需要在 a或an之間判別，如a girl /an old man;對于介詞和連詞時，就更簡單，只要符合上下文邏輯或固定短語搭配，填入即可。為了方便記憶，試著記住下面的順口溜 ：空前空后要注意，“名詞”單復數(shù)要牢記，還有s不能棄，“動詞”注意要變形， “形副”注意要用三種級，要填“數(shù)詞”請留意，千萬別忘“基”和“序”，填入“代 詞”需慎重，五格變化要謹記。4. 完成填詞后，應通

5、讀全文，復核校對。檢查|單詞拼寫是否正確，是否有|時態(tài)、語態(tài)|、慣用法及詞語選用上的錯誤，以確保 答案的正確性。最后把答案填入答卷時，切勿錯位。總結(jié)：做題技巧1 統(tǒng)覽全局，把握大意。 要填的單詞肯定是在一定的語言環(huán)境中才能確定。只有了 解了短文的大意，把握了全局才能主導方向，從而有助于正確理解空缺詞所在的句子， 縮小詞的選擇范圍。2 根據(jù)語法，判定詞性。一般的空缺都可以通過其所在的句式結(jié)構和句法成分來判 斷其詞性。進一步縮小詞的選擇范圍，從而正確地選詞。3 利用語境，確定詞形。當確定了一個單詞的詞性后可通過上下文來幫助判斷其形 式。如動詞的人稱數(shù)、時態(tài)、語態(tài)、不定式、動詞的-ing形式；名詞的

6、數(shù)和所有格；代詞的各種形式及單復數(shù)；形容詞、副詞的比較級以及基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換形式等。4 復讀全文，驗正答案。填完單詞后，不可孤立地逐個檢查詞，而必須將所有填入 的詞代入文章中，復讀全文，仔細檢查所填詞是否符合文章的情景內(nèi)容，讀起來是否流 暢，是否合乎句法，單詞拼寫是否有誤，單詞形式是否正確等。發(fā)現(xiàn)問題及時更正。通 過再讀全文，很可能利用語感將個別特別難的空處順口 “讀”出來。例題：（2010年河南省中招選詞填空題節(jié)選）2222閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整。 請將答寫在短文后相應題號的橫線上。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。方框中有兩個詞 是多余的。di

7、rty with have always time they large want speak less on firstdropAfter a quick breakfast, I went into the lecture hall in a hurry. A famousteacher was 66 to the students. He was holding up a $100 bill . Then he saidto the three hundred students ，“ Who would like this $100 bill ” The students put up

8、67 hands at once . Then he said，“ I am going to give this $100 bill to one of you ， but 68，let me do thisHe made the bill into a ball. Then hesaid.“Who69 it now ” The hands went back into the air .“Well, ” he said ，“what if I do this” and he 70 it on the floor and stepped on it. He pickedup the 71 b

9、illand said . “ Whostill wants it ” Hands went back again into theair. ” My friends,” he said，“you have learned a valuable（ 有價值的）72today . No matter what I did to the $100 bill! Many73 in our life ，we are dropped and stepped on. Wefeel as if we are worth nothing . But remember, no matter what 74 hap

10、pened to you ， you will never lose your value : You are 75 valuable to those people who love you. Your value doesn t come from what you do or whomyou know, but who you are. ”1. 單詞詮釋；進行預判1. dirty make the room dirty2. with - without 3. have擁有 -has （ 單三）had （ 過去式）have : 構成完成時 have done / has done / ha

11、d done4. always: be always doing直干某事5. time 時可 have a good / bad time Time is precious. 時代 in moder n /old times6. they they 主格-them 賓格-themselves反身代詞their 形容詞性物主代詞theirs名詞性物主代詞2. 缺詞通讀全文，經(jīng)行預判 3.瞻前顧后，仔細填空，注意單詞的變形針對性練習：forget ， bring ， mend, beside， luck， pick ，same, differently，I，every， stop ，eachMr.

12、 Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 1him brokenumbrellas, and the n he took them to a big shop in London. They were 2there.One day Mr. Brow n went to London by train. He 3to take an umbrella withhim that day. Sitt ingin front of him was a man with an umbrellasta nding 4thes

13、eat. Whe n the train arrived in London, Mr. Brow n 5up the umbrella as he ofte ndid duri ng his jour ney by train. Just as he was gett ing off, he was 6by theman. He said angrily,“That s 7! ” Mr. Brown s face turned red and he gaveit back to the man at on ce.When Mr Brown got to the big shop, the sh

14、opkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at 8of them, he said,“ You ve men ded them very well.”In the after noon he got into the train aga in. The 9man was in the same seat.He looked at（二）Mr Brown and his six umbrellas,“ You ve had a 10day, ” he said.Lightbefore, discover , fast,

15、i n, come, watch , so, fast it, ago , shine, not cantravels ata speed （速度）whichis about a millio n times 1than that of sound. 2one sec on d, lighttravels about 300,000 kilometers, but sound travels only 340 meters. You can get some idea4444of this differe nee by 3the start of a running match. If you

16、 sta nd far awayfrom the starter（ 發(fā)令員）,you can see smoke 4from his gun 5thesound reaches your ears.The fast speed of light produces some strange facts. The nearest star is 6faraway that light which you can see from it toni ght started to travel to you four years7at a speed of n early two milli on ki

17、lometers every minu te. The light from someof tonight s started on 8ourn ey towards you even before you were born.So, if we want to be hon est, we 9say,“ The stars are shining brightlytoni ght. ” We have to say, “ The stars look nice. They were 10four years agobut their light has just reached our ea

18、rth.”（三）all , any , behave, differenee , drink , eat, enjoy , fine , other , real , surprise , theseOnce there was a teacher who took all his stude nts for tea. What made the stude nts 1was that all the cups on the table were 2. Each of them took a cupand started 3their own tea, look ing at the 4cup

19、s.The teacher said; Do you no tice your 5You are all look ing at each otherstea cups and6of you even envy （ 羨慕）the 7cups of others.The n he went on: Iput the differentcups here on purpose! Life is like 8tea. You all have the samething in your cups tea. And yet you cant 9enjoy it in your envy of anot

20、herscup. You forget 10your own lifewhe n you envy some one elses life. So now, tasteyour own tea! Does it matter from which cup it comes from（四）much , arm , wait, see, whe n, spe nd, she, worry, have , growOnly Mother Loveis true love.It gives everybody everyth ingall hislife. 1you are still a baby,

21、 mothertakes good care of you as much aspossible.Inyour waking hours she always holds you in her 2. Whenyou are ill, she stops her workright now to look after you day and ni ght and forgets about 3. When you are4up day by day, she feels very happy. When you are old eno ugh to go to school,mother sti

22、ll looks after you all the time. On cold win ter days, she always tells you to put5555on 5clothes. She always stands in the wind 6for you back from school.When you hurry to leave home for school with little breakfast, she always feels7about you at home. She usually knows about your study and 8muchmo

23、ney on your school things. When you do well at school, the brightest smile will be 9 on her face.Mother is always ready to give everyth ing she 10to her childre n, not toreceive. What true love that is in the world! We will remember Mother Love for ever.典型例題 2. ask ing 5. more be 9. safety（一）3. forg

24、ot 4. beside 6. stopped 7. mine 9. same 10. lucky（二）3. watch ing 4. come 5. before 6. so 7. ago 8. its 9. cannot 10. shining（三）I . surprised2. different3. drinking4 . others 5 . behavior6. some7. finer8. this9. really l0 . to enjoy（四）71-80 When , arms , hersef , grow ing , more , wait ing , worried

25、, spe nds , see n ,has補全對話題型解讀中考采用的都是給出選項的形式，它共有5小題，每題要求選出符合情境的一個句子, 完成一段10到14個來回的對話，以此來考查學生在具體情景和上下文中口語交際的能 力。英語新課程標準要求學生掌握初中畢業(yè)生學會使用一些常用的功能意念項目以達 到初步交際的目的。這些功能意念項目包括：問候、介紹、告別、感謝、道歉、邀請、 請求允許、祝愿和祝賀、提供幫助、約會、打電話、就餐、就醫(yī)、購物、問路、談論天 氣、語言交際困難、提醒注意、勸告、建議等20個項目。1. 對職業(yè)提問： What does his father do His father is a

26、 doctor.2. 對人物身份提問： Who is the boy He is my friend.3. 對人物性格提問： What is your teacher like He is kind-hearted.4. 對人物長相提問： What does Tom look like He is very tall a nd has curly hair.5. 對天氣提問：|How| is the weather It is very cold there.6. 對顏色提問： What color is your backpack It is green and blue.66667. 對時

27、間提問： What time is it now It s 7:00 now.8. 對星期提問： What day is today Today is Tuesday.9. 對日期提問： What is the date toQay Today is May 2, 2008.10. 對年齡提問：How old is your brother He is 15 years old.11. 對延續(xù)時間段的提問：How long has Sally lived here She has lived here for 5years.12. 對距離的提問： How far is your school

28、It is half an hour s walk from here.13. 對動作頻率的提問：Howoften does she go to visit her grandma She goes to visither gran dma once a week.14. 對即將發(fā)生動詞時間段的提問：Howsoor will the teacher be back He will be backin a week.15. 對具體數(shù)量的提問：How many books did he buy He bought 10 books.16. 對量或價錢的提問：How much does the shirt cost It cost her 200 dollars.針對性練習：補全對話(一)(打電話+約會)A: Hello, may