初中虛擬語氣講解及專項練習(xí)與答案(帶解析)

1、虛擬語氣專練1.1 enjoyed the movie very much. I wish Ithe book from which it was made.A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are read ing2. You are late. If youa few mi nu tes earlier youhim.A.come would meet B. had come would have metC. come will meet D. had come would meet3. The two stude nts ta

2、lked as if theyfrie nds for years.A. should be B. would be C. have bee n D. had bee n4.It is importa nt that Iwith Mr. Williams immediately.A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak5.He looked as if heill for a long time.A. was B. were C. has bee n D. had bee n6.If the doctor had come earlier the

3、poor child would not.A. have laid there for two hours B. have bee n lied there for two hoursC. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours7.1 wish that Iwith you last ni ght.A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone8.Let s say you could go there again howfeelA. will you

4、B. should you C. would you D. do you9.1 can t stand him. He always talks as though heeverything.A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known10.the fog we should have reached our school.A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for11f you had told me in adva nee Ihim at the airport.A. would mee

5、t B. would had met C. would have met D. would have meet12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together aga in. I certa inly wish heme how.A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach13would have told him the an swer had it bee n possible but Iso busy the n.A. had bee n B. were C. wa

6、s D. would be14.He s worki ng hard for fear that he.beh indA. should fall beh ind B. fell behi nd C. may fallbeh ind D. would fallen15.If itano ther ten minu tes the game would have bee n called off.A. had rained B. would have rained C. have see n D. rained16. He suggested that theyuse a trick in st

7、ead of fighti ng.A. Should B. would C. do D. had17. My father did not go to New York the doctor suggested that hethere.A. not went B. won t go C. not go D. not to go18would have gone to the meet ing if Itime.A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had19. Would you rather Ibuying a new bikeA. dec

8、ided aga inst B. will decide aga inst C. have decided D. shall decideaga inst20. You look so tired toni ght. It is time you.A. go to sleep B. went to sleep C. go to bed D. went to bed21. Why did n t you buy a new car I would have bought one if Ieno ugh mon ey.A. had B. have had C. would have D. had

9、had22f she could sew.A. she make a dress B. she would have made a shirtC. she will make a shirt D. she would had made a coat23. today he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leave B. Was he leavi ng C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves24. His doctor suggested that hea short trip abroad.A. will take

10、B. would take C. take D. took25. The Bakers arrived last night. If they d only let us know earlier at the station.A. we d meet themB. we ll meet themC. we d have met themD. we ve met them26f Iyou Imore atte nti on to En glish idioms and phrases.A. was shall pay B. am will pay C. would be would pay D

11、. were would pay27. We might have failed if youus a help ing hand.A. have not give n B. would not give C. had not give n D. did not give28. The law requires that every onehis car checked at least once a year.A. has B. had C. have D. will have29t is stra nge that heso.A. would say B. would speak C. s

12、hould say D. will speak30. Had I known her n ameA. or does she know mine B. and where does she liveC. she would be beautiful. D. I would have in vited her to lun ch.31. He has just arrived but he talks as if heall about that.A. know B. knows C. known D. knew32f Ithe money I would have bought a much

13、bigger car.A. possessed B. owned C. had D. had had33.He was very busy yesterday otherwise heto the meeti ng.A. would come B. came C. would have come D. will come34.The libraria n in siststhat Joh nno more books fromthe library beforehe returnsall the books he has borrowed.A. will take B. took C. tak

14、e D. takes35left very early last ni ght but I wish Iso early.A. didn t leave B. hadn t left C. haven t leftD. couldn t leave36do not have a job. I would find one but Ino time.A. had B. didn t have C. had had D. have37wish that yousuch a bad headache because I m sure thatyou would have enjo yedthe co

15、n cert.A. hadn t B. didn t have hadC.hadn t hadD.hadnt have38.He in sisted that we allin his office at one oclock.A. be B. to beC. would beD. shall be39.Helen couldn tgo to Franceafter all. Thattoo bad.msureshe woul d have enjo yedit ifA.she s goneB. she ll goC. she goneD. she d goan hour before the

16、 discussi on40must go there earlier. Joh n has suggested that I beg ins.A. go B. shall go C. will go D. would go英語虛擬語氣講解語氣（mood）是一種動詞形式，用以表示說話者的意圖或態(tài)度。英語中的語氣有三種：陳述語氣、祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。直陳語氣（indicative mood）,表示所說的話是事實。祈使語氣（imperative mood）,表示所說的話是請求或命令。虛擬語氣（subjunctive mood）,表示說的話不是事實，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望、建議或與事實

17、相反 的假設(shè)等。.虛擬語氣在條件句中的應(yīng)用學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法之前我們必須清楚條件句的種類：條件句有真實條件句與非真實條件句（或稱虛擬條件句）兩種。真實條件句所表的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句都用陳述語氣。如：If it doesn t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic.假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。Oil floats if you pour it o n water.你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起來。虛擬條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句皆須用虛擬語氣。條件從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反If主語

18、+動詞過去式（be的過去式用 were）should (would, might , could)+動詞原形與過去事實相反If主語+had+過去分詞should ( would, might , could) + have +過去分詞與將來事實可能相反If主語+動詞過去式（be的過去式用 were）；should +動詞原形；were to +動詞原形should (would, might , could)+動詞原形1. 與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語用動詞的過去式（be的過去式用 were）,主句的謂語用should（would, might，could）+ 動詞原形。如：If

19、 it were n ot raining, we should go for a pic nic.如果現(xiàn)在不下雨的話，我們就出去野餐了。（事實是：天在下雨，我們不能出去野餐。表示愿望。）If he came here, he might be able to help you.如果他來這，他就能夠幫助你了。（事實是：他沒來這，他不可能幫助你。表示對他的良好印象。)2. 與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語用had+過去分詞，主句的謂語用 should （ would, might，could） + have +過去分詞。如: She would have gone to the par

20、ty if she had been invited.要是當(dāng)初她被邀請的話，她就會去參加這次聚會了。（事實是：當(dāng)時沒有人邀請她，因此，她沒有來參加聚會。表示后悔。）If she had nt called me, I would have overslept this morning.今天早上，她要是不叫我的話，我就會睡過頭了。（事實是：她今天早上叫我了，我沒有睡過頭。表示感激。）3. 與將來事實可能相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語用動詞的過去式（be的過去式用were）; should+動詞原形；were to+動詞原形，主句用 should （would, might, could） +動

21、詞原形。如:If I were to be twenty years old next year, I would take the course of French.明年我要是二十歲，我就會學(xué)法語。（事實是：我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)老了，明年我學(xué)不了法語了。）If it should fail, I would try agai n.要是失敗了，我會再試一次。（ 事實是：有可能失敗，可我會再試。表示未知。）虛擬過去式有時并不表示不大可能實現(xiàn)的假設(shè)”，而是表示一種希望或不希望發(fā)生的動作。如：If we caught the early train, we d get there by lunch time.

22、假如我們趕上早班火車，到午飯時間我們就會到達(dá)那里了。（表希望）If we missed the train, we should have to wait an hour at the stati on.假如我們趕不上這班火車，我們就得在車站等一小時。（表不希望）4. 混合型的條件句當(dāng)條件從句與主句所表的時間不一致時，虛擬語氣的形式應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。主句和從句的謂語動詞并不相互呼應(yīng)，這種條件句叫混合條件句。較多見的混合型條件句是從句用過去完成時（指過去行為），而主句用一般時（指目前狀態(tài)）。He would pass the test if he had taken my advice .如果他聽

23、了我的勸告，他現(xiàn)在會通過考試。If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should kn ow what to do now.假如昨天我對他說了，現(xiàn)在我就知道該怎么辦了。You would be much better now if you had taken my advice.假如你接受了我的意見，你現(xiàn)在就會好得多。如條件從句用if I were.，主句則可用表任何時間的虛擬形式。如:If I were not busy, I would have come. 假如我不忙，我就會去了。（were 表過去）If I were you, I would go.假

24、如我是你，我會去的。（were表現(xiàn)在）二. 連詞if的省略如果虛擬條件句的謂語部分有were， had和should時，可省略if,把were， had和should放到從句主語前面去，多見于書面語。Had you not helped me， I should have failed.要是沒有你的幫助，我就失敗了。Were you in my positio n, you would do the same.假如你處在我的地位，你也會這樣干的。Should they attack us, we ll wipe them out comp假如他們進(jìn)攻我們，我們就把他們徹底消滅干凈。三. 含蓄條

25、件句虛擬條件句中的條件從句有時不表出來，只暗含在上下文中，這種句子叫做含蓄條件句。含蓄條件句大體有三種情況。1）條件暗含在短語中。女口：But for your help we couldn t have succeeded in the experiment.如果沒有你的幫助，我們的實驗是不會成功的。（暗含在分詞短詞but for your help）What would I have done without you?如沒有你，我會怎么辦呢？（條件暗含在介詞短語without you 中）It would be easier to do it this way.這樣做會比較容易。（條件暗含

26、在不定式短語to do it this way中）This same thi ng, happe ning in wartime, amou nt to disaster. 同樣的事，如發(fā)生在戰(zhàn)時，就會釀成大禍。（條件暗含在分詞短語 happening in wartime 中）He must have the stren gth of a hippopotamus, or he n ever could have vanq uished that great beast.他一定是力大如河馬，否則他絕不會擊敗那只龐大的野獸。（暗含條件是連詞or）Alone, he would have bee

27、n terrified.如是單獨一人，他是會感到害怕的。（暗含條件是 alone）2）條件暗含在上下文中。如：You might stay here forever.你可以永遠(yuǎn)待在這兒。（可能暗含 if you wan ted to）We would have succeeded.我們本來是會成功的。（可能暗含 if we had kept trying）Your reputation would be ruined.你的名譽會敗壞的。（可能暗含 if you should accept it）3) 在不少情況下，虛擬式已變成習(xí)慣說法，很難找出其暗含的條件。女口： You wouldn t k

28、now.你不會知道。I would like to come. 我愿意來。四.不用if引導(dǎo)的條件從句虛擬條件句中的條件從句除用if弓I外，還可用 when, unless, lest, suppose, as if, for fear, in case, on condition 等詞語來弓丨導(dǎo)。女口：The peasa nts prepared to feed the city whe n it should be freed.農(nóng)民已準(zhǔn)備在這座城市解放后供給糧食。Lest you should not have heard all, I shall begin at the begi nni

29、ng.我怕你沒有聽全，所以我再從頭開始講一遍。Un less I were well, I would n t be 除sc我好了，否則我不會上學(xué)。Suppose you were give n a cha nee to study in America , would you accept?假如給你一個到美國學(xué)習(xí)的機會，你會接受嗎？(suppose或supposing =what if)Supposing it were so ?( =Supposing it were so , what would happen ?)要是這樣的話，會怎么樣呢？He can use the bicycle

30、on con diti on that he should return it tomorrow 女口果明天能還回來，他就可以借用這輛自行車。In case I forget , please remind me of my promise 女口果我忘了，請?zhí)嵝盐业闹Z言。Susan is walki ng slowly ,as if she were tired. 蘇珊走得很慢，就像是累了似的。與if 一樣，上述詞語所引導(dǎo)的條件從句亦可用直陳語氣，表可能實現(xiàn)或發(fā)生的事。1 5 BBDAD6 10 DDCAD11 15 CDCAA16 20 ACAAD21 25 DBCCC26 30 DCCCD

31、31 35 DDCCB36 39 DCAC解析：1. wish后面用虛擬語氣，表示與過去事實相反用過去完成時。2. 條件句表示與過去事實相反，主句用過去將來完成時，從句用過去完成時。3. as if后面如果表示真實情況就不用虛擬。4.It is important that是主語從句的虛擬語氣，從句用 sb. should do的形式。5. as if后面是真實情況，不虛擬。6.lain是lie的過去分詞，表示躺”7.could have done表示 本來可以”。8與將來相反的虛擬語氣，主句用過去將來時。9. as if表示不可能發(fā)生的事情時用虛擬語氣。10. but for表示 要不是的話

32、”，通常與虛擬語氣搭配使用。11.in advanee表示 事先”，表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣。12. wish的賓語從句表示發(fā)生在將來的愿望用過去將來時。13. but的并列句表示真實情況，不用虛擬語氣。14. for fear that后面的狀語從句用 sb. should do的形式。15. 表示與過去事實相反，主句用過去將來完成時，從句用過去完成時。16. suggest后面的賓語從句用 sb. should do的形式。17. suggest后面的從句用 sb. should do的形式，should可以省略。18. 表示與過去事實相反，從句用過去完成時。19. would rather的賓語從句用