小學(xué)英語四種基本句型肯定句否定句、一般疑問句與特殊疑問句

1、肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句的詳解一、肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句定義1肯定句 ：表示肯定的意思 , 即不含有否定詞“不”。我是一個(gè)學(xué)生I am a student.他去上學(xué)He goes to school.2否定句 ：表示否定的意思。我不是一個(gè)男孩。I am not a boy他不去上學(xué)He does not go to school.3. 一般疑問句 ：回答為“是 yes”或者“否 no”的問句。你是一個(gè)學(xué)生嗎？Are you a student?你喜歡英語嗎？Do you like English?4. 特殊疑問句 ：回答不是“是 yes”或者“否 no”的問句，

2、根據(jù)提問內(nèi)容具體回答 。現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)了？What s the time?哪一支筆是你的？Which is your pen?二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句的相互轉(zhuǎn)換有 am, is, are 的句子肯定句變否定句 ：在 am, is, are后面加上 not,其余按順序照抄?？隙ň渥円话阋蓡柧?：把 am, is, are提前放到句首并大寫Am, Is, Are, 其余照抄。肯定句變特殊疑問句（就劃線部分提問）：分3 步驟第一步：先變一般疑問句第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞代替劃線部分（劃線部分不能在特殊疑問句中出現(xiàn)）第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。1

3、 肯定句、否定句和一般疑問句的互換肯定句： This is a book.否定句： This is not a book.一般疑問句： Is this a book?肯定回答： Yes, it is.否定回答： No, it isn t.2 就劃線部分提問 (變特殊疑問句 )This is a book.第一步：變一般疑問句Is this a book?第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞Is this what ?第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。 What is this? 沒有 am, is, are 的句子肯定句變否定句 ：在主語后面加上 do not 或者

4、does not,其余按順序照抄 動(dòng)詞用原形肯定句變一般疑問句 ：在句首加 do 或者 does 并大寫 ,其余照抄。注意： 動(dòng)詞用原形肯定句變特殊疑問句（就劃線部分提問） ：分 3 步驟第一步：先變一般疑問句第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞代替劃線部分（ 劃線部分不能在特殊疑問句中出現(xiàn)）第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。1.肯定句、否定句和一般疑問句的互換非單三時(shí)用 do, 單三時(shí)用 does非單三單三肯定句： I like English.一般疑問句： Do you like English?否定句： I do not like English.肯定句： He

5、 likes English.一般疑問句： Does he like English?否定句： He does not like English.2.就劃線部分提問 (變特殊疑問句 )I like English.第一步：先變一般疑問句Do you like English?第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞代替劃線部分Do you like what?第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。What do you like?常用特殊疑問詞及詞組：when什么時(shí)間（問時(shí)間）what date什么日期問具體日期who誰（問人）what place 什么地點(diǎn)問具體地址whos

6、e誰的 問主人how怎么樣問情況where在哪里問地點(diǎn)how old多大 問年齡which哪一個(gè)問選擇how many多少 問數(shù)量why 為什么 問原因how much 多少 問價(jià)錢what 什么 問東西how about 怎么樣 問意見what time 什么時(shí)間 問時(shí)間how far多遠(yuǎn) 問路程what colour 什么顏色 問顏色how long多長 問時(shí)間what about 怎么樣 問意見How soon多快，多久 問時(shí)間what day 星期幾 問星期How often 多久 問頻率三句子的種類類別肯定用法敘述一件事情或標(biāo)點(diǎn)例句This is a bag.陳述句疑問句說明說話人的

7、看法否定一般用于提出問題特殊用于提出問題Thats my book.I can see a bag over there.I dont know.Are you a student?Do you like puppets?Can you speak English?Whats your name?Wheres my bag?How many trees are there?選擇用于提出問題?Is your friend a boy or a girl?反意用于提出問題?Its a fine day, isnt it?祈使句感嘆句特殊：表示命令或請求、建議表示驚訝贊美 憤怒等強(qiáng)烈情感Put it

8、 here!.或！Look at the noticeboard.How smart!！Glad to see you!What a nice pencil case!1.some 變?yōu)?anyThere are some birds in the tree. There arent any birds in the tree.但是，若在表示請邀請、請求的句子中，some 可以不變。Would you like some orange juice?與此相關(guān)的一些不定代詞如something, somebody等也要進(jìn)行相應(yīng)變化。2.and 變?yōu)?orI have a knife and a r

9、uler. I dont have a knife or a ruler.3.a lot of (=lots of) 變?yōu)?many 或 muchThey have a lot of friends.（可數(shù)名詞） They dont have many friends.There is lots of orange in the bottle（.不可數(shù)名詞） There isnt much orange in the bottle. 4.already 變?yōu)?yetI have been there already. I haventtherebeenyet.熟記變特殊疑問句時(shí)，容易判斷錯(cuò)的情

10、況。1、 數(shù)詞表示年齡： He is fifty-five.How old is he ?表示時(shí)間：表示加法：表示價(jià)格：It fiftys-five.Whats the time?Six and two is eight.Whats six and two?The shirt is thirty yuan .How much is the shirt?表示多少： I have three brothers.How many brothers do you have?2、 姓名和人表示人名： My name is Gina .Whats your name?表示人： The woman is G

11、ina.Who is the woman ?3、 長度和距離表示距離： It fives hundred metres away from here.How far is it from here?表示長度： It fives hundred metres.How long is it ?4、 顏色，東西表示顏色： The shoes are white.What color are the shoes?表示物： They are white sheep.What are they?表示顏色： They are white sheep.What color are these sheep?5、

12、 名詞所有格和人表示名詞所有格： Shes Lucy ssister.Whose sister is she?表示人： Shes Lucy s sister.Who is she?練一練 1 (用特殊疑問詞填空 )：1、 A: _ is the boy in blue?B:He s Mike.2、 A: _ wallet is it? B:It s mine.3、 A: _ is the diary? B:It s under the chair.4、 A: _ is the Chirstmas Day? B: ItthofsDecemberonthe25.5、 A: _ are the ea

13、rphones?B:They are 25 yuan.6、 A: _ is the hairdryer?B:It s blue.7、 A: _ is it today?B:It s Sunday.8、 A: _ was it yesterday? B: It was the 13 th of October.9、 A: _ t his red one?B:It s beautiful.10、 A: _ is it from here? B:It s aboutstwoawaykilometre.11、 A: Can I have some paper and some crayons?B: _

14、 ?A: I want to make a kite.12、 A:_ one is fatter, the blue one or the red one? B: The blue one.13、 A:_ is your cousin?B: He s 15 years old.14、 A:_ do you have dinner? B: At 6 o clock練一練2：1、It s a book改.一(般疑問句)2、My father is in the study. (對(duì)劃線部分提問)3、 ?Do you watch TV every Sunday? ( 做肯定回答 )4、 ?This p

15、icture is very beautiful.（改為以what 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句）5、 ?Kick the ball to me! ( 改為否定句 )6、 ?I have a big present. （對(duì)劃線部分提問）7、 ?There are some orange trees on the farm. (改為單數(shù)句子)練一練 3：1._ is this? It s a rubber.2._ _ rubbers are there in the pencilbox?3._ _ is your brother? He s nine.4._ are they? They are cows.5.

16、 _ are you? I m fine.6. _ do you feel? We are happy.7._ is your father? He is a dentist.8._ does he goto school? He goes to school by bus.9._ are the ducks? They are on the river.10. _ is his name? He is Martin.11. _ _ new books have you got? Five.12._ _ is the tree? It s green.13._coats are these?

17、Mary s.14._ is on the desk? There is a glass.15._ _ is this book? Itvery interesting.練一練 4（對(duì)畫線部分提問）：1 They bought a new bike yesterday._2 She is a nurse ._3 She is my teacher._4 He bought the red one ._5 It is my coat ._6 I am looking for my sister ._7 I get up at six ._8 I am from Hubei ._9 I went

18、to school late because I got up late._10. It is windy ._11. I am getting on well with it._12. My bag is red ._13. The book is Li Hua s._14. I like math best._15. They are five yuan ._16. I wash it twice a week ._17. He will be back in four days ._18. I didn t come to classyeterday because I was ill

19、._練一練 5：選擇題() 19.- Excuse me_ is the nearest bookshop ?-Go down the street and turn left at the second corner?A. howB. whatC. whereD. who() 20. _ is a ticker for the film Hacker He?About forty yuan .A. How oldB. How manyC. How muchD. How often() 21. _ are you going? I m going to the library.A. WhoB.

20、 WhichC. WhatD. Where() 22.- It s a nice car. _ have you been in it?- Just to Shanghai.A. How muchB. How soonC. How longD. How far() 23. _? It s eight.A. What day is itB. What s five and threeC. How old are youD. What s your telephone number() 24. _? I ve got a headache and a cough.A. What s your tr

21、oubleB. What s wrong with itC. Can I help youD. How are you() 25. _ tea did you have?Two cups.A. How manyB. How muchC. How soonD. Which() 26. _ shall we meet in the park?What about half past eight?A. WhatB. WhenC. WhereD., Which() 27. _ a year does your school have sports meetings?Twice a year.A. Ho

22、w oftenB. How soonC. How longD. How many times()28. _?The one behind the tree.A. Whose girlB. Who s that girlC. Which girlD. Where s the girl()29. _ are you going to be in the future?I want to be a person _- Yang Liwei.A. How , likeB. How , asC. What , likeD. What , as()30._ will your father be back

23、? .A HowlongB how oftenC How soonD How wide練一練 6（就劃線部分提問）：31 He often has lunch in the factory ? he often?lunch？32 They will come back in a month ?will they come back ？33 He hurt his leg last Sunday ?he hurt his leg ？34 I got up at six this morning?you?up this morning ？35 They were drawing a horse w

24、hen I came in ?they?when I came in ？36 I didnt go to school because I had a bad cold ?you go to school ？37 Youd better take the No 3 bus?bus?I better take？38 Hes feeling well ?he feeling ？39 The girl in a red coat is my sister ?is your sister？40 He comes to China once a year?he?to China？41. He goes

25、to see his grandma ( twice a week ). ( 對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問)_?42. My father goes to work by car. (改為特殊疑問句)_?43. It take ( 15 minutes ) for a ferry to cross the river. (對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問)_?44. You can dial ( 110 ) to call the police. (對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問)_ can you dial to call the police45. Ted put his bag in the desk . (改為特殊疑問句)_ _ T

26、ed _in the desk?46. The students ( went camping ) last week. ( 對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問)_?47. Diogenes came from ( Greece ). ( 對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問)_ _Diogenes_?48. The way to keep fit is ( to eat food and take morn exercise). ( 對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問)_ _ the way to _?49. We landed (on an unexplored planet ) . (對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問)_ _ you land ?練一練7（單項(xiàng)選擇題

27、 ）：(? )1. How are you ?A.Fine,thanks.?B.Yes,it is.C.How are you ?()2. Nice to meet you !A.Fine,thank you.B.OK.C.Nice to meet you ,too !()3. How do you go to school ?A.I go to Canada by plane.B.I go to school by bike.C.What about you ?()4. How do you go to the USA ?A.I usually go to school by bus.B.I

28、 go to England by ship.C.I go by plane.()5.? My home is near the post office.A. Where is your home ?B.OK.C.See you then!()6. See you at 2 o clock.A.See you then !B.The fifth floor.C.It s easy.()7.? You can go by the No.15 bus.A.It s not far.B. How can I get to Zhongshan Park ? C.Sure.()8. Where is the hospital?A.Next to the cinema.B.Thank you .C.You re welcome.()9. Excuse me ,is there a cinema near here ?A.Yes,there is .B.No,it s not farC.It s near the post office.()10.?It s near the post office.A.Yes,there is . B.No,it s not farC. Where