第五講課部分課件

1、An Introduction to Translation between English and Chinese,第五次課,1. A (SL / OL) B(RL /TL) (Analysis- (Restructuring) Deconstructuring: Grammatical relationships; Meaning of the words and combinations of words.) X (Transfer) Y,I. Unit 6 Translation Theories,Content (the conceptual intent of the messag

2、e + connotative values) Form (the external shape) Nida: We preserve the form when we can, but more often the form has to be transformed precisely in order to preserve the content. An excessive effort to preserve the form inevitably results in a serious loss or distortion of the message. P125 Under n

3、o circumstances should the _ be given priority over the _ of the message. P129,2. Semantic adjustment made in transfer Semantic relationships: Equivalence / correspondence語義對(duì)應(yīng) Inclusion語義含蓋 Intersection語義交叉（雙語多義詞） Substitution語義替代（放棄表面對(duì)應(yīng)） Conflict / exclusion / absence語義沖突/空缺,drag ones leg與某人開玩笑 man

4、liness 男子氣 brother 哥哥、弟弟 小舅子wifes brother / brother-in-law 叩頭kowtow 飛吻blow / throw a kiss 糧食 food （coupon）cereals，（army）provisions，grain output cousin 堂兄弟/姐妹，表兄弟/姐妹 lazy Susan 餐桌上的旋轉(zhuǎn)餐盤 盤香incense coil sofa 沙發(fā) green 綠 紅包money gift in a red envelop,Equivalence / correspondence語義對(duì)應(yīng) Inclusion語義含蓋 Interse

5、ction語義交叉（雙語多義詞） Substitution語義替代（放棄表面對(duì)應(yīng)） Conflict / exclusion / absence語義沖突/空缺,II. Focuses of and Extensions to Unit 6Any responses and questions,1. Languages differ: Passive voice P129 Four situations when passive voice is used in English: P130 -When the agent is not known or is not necessary to k

6、now -When emphasis is on the action or the object rather than on the agent -When the speaker is not willing to reveal the agent -When use of passive constructions can help link the sentence with its context,可以翻譯成英語被動(dòng)句的漢語句子包括（反之亦然）： -有標(biāo)志的漢語被動(dòng)句：“受、挨、遭、遭受、被、得到、給、叫、讓、由、為所、加以、予以、等等” -無標(biāo)志的漢語被動(dòng)句：形式主動(dòng)，意義被動(dòng)

7、-部分無主句可以翻譯成英語被動(dòng)句 -一些習(xí)慣用語可以翻譯成英語被動(dòng)句或It句型：“有人、人們、大家”作主語；“據(jù)說、據(jù)報(bào)道、據(jù)推測、據(jù)估計(jì)、據(jù)信、可以肯定、必須指出、有人主張、眾所周知等等,他粗心大意，應(yīng)當(dāng)受到批評(píng)。 He should be criticized for his carelessness. 這個(gè)問題必須在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候予以處理。 The problem must be dealt with at an appropriate time. 代表將由民主協(xié)商選舉產(chǎn)生。 The representatives will be elected after democratic consu

8、ltation. 艾滋病病毒只能通過血液或其他體液傳播。 The AIDS virus is only transmitted by blood and other body fluids. 血債要用血來還。 Blood debts will have to be paid in blood. 到現(xiàn)在為止還沒有得出結(jié)論。 So far no conclusion has been arrived at. 為這事已經(jīng)撥了大筆款項(xiàng)。 A large sum of money has been put aside for that purpose. 可以有把握地說，會(huì)議會(huì)如期舉行。 It may b

9、e safely said that the meeting will be held on schedule. 人們發(fā)現(xiàn)橡膠是很好的絕緣體。 Rubber is found to be a good insulating material. 據(jù)說人在彌留之際都要回顧他的一生，就像看一部電影，一切都?xì)v歷在目。 It is said a dying person tends to recollect his whole life, like seeing a film,II. Focuses of and Extensions to Unit 6,2. Translation Skill I:

10、Leaving out unnecessary words P134 (Activity 3 Task 1-3) 英譯漢時(shí)，刪去一些在原文中僅僅為了語法需要而存在，在譯文中則可有可無、有了反嫌累贅或違背譯語習(xí)慣表達(dá)法的詞語，譯文會(huì)更簡潔明確，文氣更自然流暢。 絕不是隨意刪改原文的內(nèi)容，更不是隨便刪譯原文中難懂的字句。 To convey the original message as naturally as possible and as completely as possible. P138 -省略代詞（人稱代詞、關(guān)系代詞） -省略冠詞 -省略介詞 -省略連詞 -省略系動(dòng)詞 -省略非人稱

11、的it和強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的it -根據(jù)英漢語言各自的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，在譯文中可以刪略一些重復(fù)出現(xiàn)或可有可無的詞語（同義近義詞等,On Sundays we have no school. 禮拜天我們不上學(xué)。（介詞） It is thirty cubic meters in volume. 體積是30立方米。（代詞it） Semiconductor devices are small and light. 半導(dǎo)體裝置體積小、重量輕。（系動(dòng)詞、連詞） The use of silver as a conductor is very limited because of its cost. 由于成本高，用銀作導(dǎo)體

12、非常有限。（冠詞、代詞） Many facts have proved that a just cause enjoys abundant support while an unjust cause finds little support. 許多事例已證明：得道多助，失道寡助。（冠詞、連詞） Lets wait and see. 讓我們等著瞧吧。（連詞） 發(fā)展為了人民，發(fā)展依靠人民，發(fā)展成果有人民共享。 Development is for the people, by the people and with the people sharing in its fruits. 質(zhì)子帶正電，電

13、子到負(fù)電，而中子既不帶正電也不帶負(fù)電。 A proton has a positive charge and an electron a negative charge, but a neutron has neither,月光族， 啃老族， 憤青， find a sugar daddy， do marathon talks on the phone， trendsetter， human flesh search， card slave， diamond bachelor， photogenic,Homework 4,Moonlite clan, NEET, young cynics, 傍大

14、款， 煲電話粥， 弄潮兒， 人肉搜索， 卡奴， 鉆石王老五， 上鏡的,歌詞翻譯,說句心里話 我也想家 家中的老媽媽已是滿頭白發(fā) 說句實(shí)在話我也有愛 常思念夢中的她 來來來既然來當(dāng)兵 來來來就知責(zé)任大 你不扛槍我不杠槍 誰保衛(wèi)咱媽媽 誰來保衛(wèi)她 誰來保衛(wèi)她,believe me, I miss you, my home. my mom has gray hair. believe me, I am in love. I miss you, my love. Join the army, shoulder the duty. Should nobody defend our motherland,

15、 who would protect our moms who would protect our love who would protect them,To tell the truth,I miss my family, too .My mom in the hometown is gray-headed.To tell the truth, I have my love, too.I always dream of her.Oh since you have joined the army, Oh you should know the heavy duty .If no one joins the army,Who will protect our mother,Who will protect her,I miss my hometown, Just like whats in your deep heart. Endless waiting days have silvered the hair of my old mum. Tel