機(jī)修鉗工高級技師論文

1、鑄件孔位偏移借料的定量判斷法 烏丹賓館 烏尼內(nèi)容提要 許多單孔、多孔的套類、連桿、箱體等鑄件，由于制造工藝和技術(shù)水平等因素的影響，造成孔位變形、變位、孔距變化、壁厚不均、裂縫、缺口、縮孔、歪斜、偏心等鑄件缺陷。因此，在加工、劃線中必須借料才能保證加工質(zhì)量。在現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)文獻(xiàn)中，借料往往采用多次試劃法、定性分析來確定。本文采用定量判斷法，運(yùn)用借料量的具體表達(dá)式進(jìn)行借料，在實際使用中效果較好。此法簡便，利于操作，能大大提高劃線加工效率，降低加工成本，減少產(chǎn)品的報廢率。關(guān)鍵詞 孔位偏移 借料 定量判斷法一、前言與背景本人在賓館從事鉗工機(jī)修，工作多年，對鑄件中支架、連桿、箱體、套類等坯件的劃線與加工，碰

2、到制造工藝、技術(shù)水平、人員素質(zhì)等因素的綜合影響，造成鑄件變形、變位、孔距變化、壁厚不均、裂縫、缺口、縮孔、歪斜、偏心等鑄件缺陷，因此在加工過程或者在劃線過程中，如果不通過正確的借料，會造成許多半成品的報廢。本人通過赤峰市范圍內(nèi)各大鑄造廠和機(jī)械制造廠的初步調(diào)查：不正確借料造成的報廢占整體加工過程中報廢70%以上，因此對這些形狀復(fù)雜的鑄件，除了在加工中借料外，還必須在劃線中借料。如果在劃線中能通過正確借料，那么在加工中就能保證技術(shù)要求，不出現(xiàn)報廢品。如果通過劃線借料不能保證加工要求的，就直接報廢，不必要下道工序的加工，造成人、財、物、機(jī)、具等資源的浪費。因此鉗工中，對劃線工的綜合素質(zhì)要求比較高，同

3、時在鉗工的各操作崗位中，劃線具有相當(dāng)重要的地位和作用，通過劃線便于復(fù)雜工件的裝夾，便于及時發(fā)現(xiàn)處理不合格的毛坯，通過劃線可使誤差不大的不合格品變成合格的產(chǎn)品，同時劃線中借料技術(shù)好壞直接反映劃線工的技術(shù)素質(zhì)，體現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和企業(yè)的效益。我們在從事劃線崗位時，碰到箱體類等鑄件，需要借料時往往是通過眼睛看，憑經(jīng)驗多次的試劃、調(diào)整來進(jìn)行借料，費時、費力。查找有關(guān)資料、教材、技術(shù)文獻(xiàn)，如各種版本的鉗工工藝學(xué)、機(jī)械制造工藝等有關(guān)資料，對劃線中的借料部分也只是介紹定性分析，通過試劃調(diào)整來解決，沒有明確的表達(dá)借料量的大小和借料量的方向，大大降低了劃線效率，同時增加了鑄件的報廢?，F(xiàn)介紹一種定量分析法，得出借料量

4、的具體表達(dá)式及能否借料的判斷式，即借料定量判斷法。在實際工作中，直接運(yùn)用此法，便于掌握，利于操作，大大提高了劃線效率和劃線質(zhì)量，降低鑄件的報廢率。二、定量判斷法的表達(dá)式（一）套類鑄件的定量判斷表達(dá)式。如圖所示的圓環(huán)是一個鑄件的毛坯，其內(nèi)外圓都要加工，由于鑄造原因造成內(nèi)外圓偏心較大，需要內(nèi)外圓同時借料才能確定。設(shè)圓環(huán)毛坯尺寸，外圓直徑d1,內(nèi)孔直徑D2，最大壁厚為hmax，最小壁厚為hmin，設(shè)加工后外圓直徑為D2，內(nèi)孔為d1，見下圖一。，設(shè)外圓單邊加工余量為1、內(nèi)孔單邊加工余量為2，借料后外圓最少加工余量為1min，內(nèi)孔最少加工余量為2min，斜線部分為加工余量，內(nèi)外圓中心偏心量為a，見下圖一

5、。不借料劃線時，見上圖二，加工后工件出現(xiàn)偏心，不能保證產(chǎn)品要求。采用借料劃線時，見上圖三。1、確定偏心量a根據(jù)圖3列方程： hmax+(D1/2 - a)= D1/2+ hmin+a解得：a=(hmax-hmin)/22、根據(jù)a判斷能否借料假設(shè)圓環(huán)借料后如下圖所示：若1min0或2min0，或hminh標(biāo)（h標(biāo)為加工后的要求壁厚）則不能借料，此時即1-x0或2-（a-x）1 +2,因此，不能借料的條件是a1 +2或hminh標(biāo)若1min=0或2min=0或hmin=h標(biāo)時雖能借料但屬于危險品若ah標(biāo),則能借料借料有二種情況：A、 當(dāng)a1 和2中的大值者，則可以一孔借料，借料量為a，另一孔不借料

6、。B、 當(dāng)1 和2大值者a0，2 min =2-（a-x）0可得借料范圍：a-2x1 +2或hminh標(biāo),則不能借料，此時為報廢品；若a=1 +2或hmin=h標(biāo),此時為危險品；若a1 +2時，此時可以通過借料保證加工要求，借料量為：X=a/2+(1-1)/2借料方向為兩圓同時向中心靠。借料范圍為：a-2 x1當(dāng)a1 、2中的大值者，可利用一孔借料另一孔不借料，取1 、2中的大值的圓借料，也可以兩圓同時借料，最好的借料是兩圓同時借料。當(dāng)1 、2中的大值a0，孔距偏大，當(dāng)a1+2，則不能借料；若a =1+2，即1min=0, 2min=0,雖能借料，但不能絕對保證加工要求，屬危險品；若a1+2，

7、則通過借料，才能保證加工要求。借料也有兩種情況：A、 當(dāng)a1 和2中的大值者，則可以一孔借料，借料量為a，另一孔不借料。B、 當(dāng)1 和2大值者a0時，兩孔同時向內(nèi)借料，當(dāng)a0時，兩孔同時向外借料。確定借料范圍和借料量根據(jù)圓環(huán)的分析，同理兩孔的借料范圍為a-2 x1 +2,則不能借料，此時為報廢品；若a=1 +2此時為危險品；若a1 +2時，此時可以通過借料保證加工要求，借料量為：X= a/2 +(1-2)/2借料方向為兩孔同時向中心靠。借料范圍為：a-2 x1當(dāng)a1 、2中的大值者，可利用一孔借料另一孔不借料，取1 、2中的大值的孔借料，也可以兩孔同時借料，最好的借料是兩孔同時借料。當(dāng)1 、2

8、中的大值a1+2，則必須兩孔同時借料，否則不能保證加工要求。（三）三角形的三孔借料法，借料方法同上，在確定第三孔中心時，先確定兩孔的借料點，再確定第三孔的借料點。見下圖示：以O(shè)1O3、O1O3劃圓弧得到交點O3即為第三孔的借料點。三、實際應(yīng)用舉例例一現(xiàn)有一套筒坯件，經(jīng)實測尺寸如下圖示，請通過借料劃出坯件加工線。解：根據(jù)題意可求得：1 =（48-40）/2=42 =（26-20）/2=3 求偏心量a=（hmax-hmin）/2=(17.5-9.5)/2=4 判斷能否借料：因為a=41 +2=7，或hmin=9.5h標(biāo)=6.5，所以能借料。 確定借料方向：O1向右借，O2向左借。 確定借料范圍和借

9、料量：根據(jù)a-2x1，xO1向右借料量，借料范圍為0x4借料量：x=a/2+（1-2）/2=4/2+（4-3）/2=2.5討論：若此題采用O1或O2單獨借料，因為a=4=1,故為出現(xiàn)危險品。例二：某一連桿的二孔坯件經(jīng)測得如下圖解：孔距偏移量a=B0- B0=40-36=41=（18-10）/2=4 2=（22-12）/2=5 因為a=4（1+2）且，a1和a2，所以此題可以一孔借料，若一孔借料，則以右孔借料為好；若采用兩孔同時借料，則兩孔同時往外借，設(shè)左孔向左借料量為x，右孔向右借料量為a-x。X=a/2+（1-2）/2=4/2+(4-5)/2=1.5討論：在上題中采用一孔借料時雖能保證加工要

10、求，但對加工造成麻煩，切削會造成單邊切削，不利于切削加工，甚至?xí)霈F(xiàn)危險品。四、借料的定量判斷法的推廣應(yīng)用及效果我們把這種方法從在教學(xué)中每年向?qū)W生推廣，學(xué)生畢業(yè)后在實際工作中運(yùn)用此法感覺簡單、方便，便于掌握，減少許多借料中的誤區(qū)，提高工作效率，降低了產(chǎn)品報廢率，通過與各企業(yè)相關(guān)技術(shù)工人技術(shù)交流，把此法推廣給他們，他們也得到了積極的采用。通過運(yùn)用此法與不運(yùn)用此法的調(diào)查，得出如下調(diào)查結(jié)論：同一坯件劃線時間降低一倍以上，勞動調(diào)度降低一倍以上，劃線效率提高50%以上，對工人的綜合技術(shù)素質(zhì)降低要求，產(chǎn)品的報廢降低30%以上。當(dāng)然，運(yùn)用定量判斷法還需要定性分析，也有必要一定的試劃法和調(diào)整法，將此法應(yīng)用于多

11、孔距偏心借料，有待進(jìn)一步探討。內(nèi)部資料請勿外傳9JWKffwvG#tYM*Jg&6a*CZ7H$dq8KqqfHVZFedswSyXTy#&QA9wkxFyeQ!djs#XuyUP2kNXpRWXmA&UE9aQGn8xp$R#͑GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv

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23、nD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz84!z89Amv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3

24、tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tn

25、GK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNuGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx

26、2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YW

27、RrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqvadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#

28、QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&M

29、uWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89Amv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVku

30、m&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz84!z89A

31、mv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWp

32、azadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5ux

33、Y7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%MadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*adNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVk

34、um&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWw

35、cvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89Amv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT

36、#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz84!z89Amv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qY

37、pEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY

38、7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9Cpb

39、K!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNuGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazad

40、Nu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5p

41、Dx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NG

42、pP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89Amv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89A

43、mYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89A

44、mYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%MzadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn

45、%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE

46、%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89Amv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6

47、X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!

48、zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz84!z89Amv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U

49、E9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh

50、5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNuGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6

51、YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnG

52、K8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqvUE%&qYp

53、Eh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$U*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89Amv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGp

54、P$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxGjqv$UE9wEwZ#QcUE%&qYpEh5pDx2zVkum&gTXRm6X4NGpP$vSTT#&ksv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWv*3tnGK8!z89AmYWpazadNu#KN&MuWFA5uxY7JnD6YWRrWwcvR9CpbK!zn%Mz849GxG