設(shè)計鋅基合金模具中表面質(zhì)量應(yīng)注意的問題（Word）

1、 設(shè)計鋅基合金模具中表面質(zhì)量應(yīng)注意的問題為降低產(chǎn)品成本，獲得較好的表面質(zhì)量，采用鋅基合金模具拉深，模具結(jié)構(gòu)如圖2所示。但是鋅基合金材料較軟，僅表面有一層較硬層(硬度為hb100115)，故模具壽命較低。據(jù)情況看，拉深不復(fù)雜的沖件，坯料為08鋼、料厚為1.0mm，凹模圓角半徑rd5mm，其模具壽命僅600件。如何提高鋅基合金拉深模的壽命，在拉深件設(shè)計時應(yīng)采取什么具體措施。In order to reduce the product cost, achieve better surface quality and using zinc base alloy die drawing, die str

2、ucture is shown in figure 2. But the zinc base alloy material is relatively soft, only the surface has a layer of hard layer (hardness of hb100 115), so the die life is low. According to the situation, drawing not complex salt pieces, billet is 08 steel, material thickness is 1.0 mm, concave die rad

3、ius rd = 5 mm, the mould life 600 pieces only. How to improve life of the zinc base alloy deep drawing mould, in what specific measures should be taken when drawing a design. 圖2拉深模Figure 2 deep drawing mould 1.凹模2.凸模3.壓邊圈4.導(dǎo)板2. 1. The concave die punch 3. Pressure rim 4. Guide 鋅基合金拉深模壽命較低的主要原因是模具的工作

4、表面(凸模表面，壓邊面和凹模圓角部分)產(chǎn)生磨損和拉傷所致。Investigation and analysis this factory production situation can be seen, zinc base alloy deep drawing die life is the main reason for the lower is the job of the mold surface (surface of the punch and blank holder and die round corner part) caused by wear and tear. 1.模具

5、磨損1. Mould wear and tear 模具工作表面的磨損主要產(chǎn)生于兩種情況：Wear on the surface of the mould work is mainly produced in two cases: (1)坯料成形時產(chǎn)生必要的塑性流動對模具工作表面的磨損。When necessary (1) the blank forming on the surface of the plastic flow in mould work wear. 為實(shí)現(xiàn)拉深成形，坯料產(chǎn)生必要的塑性流動，沿壓邊面經(jīng)過凹模圓角處流入凹模。由于坯料的塑性流動，坯料和壓邊面之間以及坯料和凹模圓角之間

6、產(chǎn)生摩擦而引起模具磨損。這種磨損是不可避免的，但應(yīng)設(shè)法減小?？赏ㄟ^以下兩個方面減少磨損：To achieve deep drawing, blank to produce the necessary plastic flow, the blank holder surface after die fillet area flow into the die. Plastic flow due to the blank, blank and blank holder surface between billet and die round corner caused by the friction

7、 between mold wear. The wear is unavoidable, but should try to reduce. Reduce wear can be through the following two aspects: 1)在拉深件設(shè)計時，采取措施減小坯料向凹模內(nèi)塑性流動的阻力1) during deep drawing parts design, take measures to reduce billet resistance to plastic flow into the die a.選用較大凹模圓角半徑。例如拉深08鋼，料厚t1.0mm時，凹模圓角半徑r

8、d10t。A. choose larger die radius. Such as deep drawing steel 08, t = 1.0 mm material thickness, die radius rd = 10 t. b.壓邊面采用正向傾斜的型式(圖3)，這有利壓邊面材料向凹模內(nèi)流動。B. blank-holder surface adopt positive sloping pattern (figure 3), the positive pressure side surface of the material to flow into the die. 圖3In fig

9、ure 3 1.凸模2.壓邊圈3.凹模1. Punch 2. Pressure to coil (3) die c.拉深件側(cè)壁部設(shè)計成傾斜的型式(圖4)，這使凸模和凹模之間的間隙在拉深開始時較大，逐漸減小，直到拉深終結(jié)時才形成。這才有利于壓邊面材料向凹模內(nèi)流動。C. the side wall of drawing pieces designed to tilt the pattern (figure 4), the clearance between the convex mold and concave die at the beginning of the drawing is bigg

10、er, decreases, until at the end of the drawing to the form. This is conducive to the blank holder surface materials to flow into the die. 圖4Figure 4. 1.凸模2.壓邊圈3.凹模1. Punch 2. Pressure to coil (3) die d.減小拉深深度，亦可使壓邊面材料容易向凹模內(nèi)流動。D. decrease the drawing depth, may also make the blank holder surface mate

11、rial easy to flow into the die. 2)保證坯料壓邊面沿凹模周邊各處材料向凹模內(nèi)流動盡量均勻。2) ensure that blank blank holder face around everywhere along the concave die material to flow into the die as far as possible even. 在拉深過程中，壓邊面相鄰區(qū)坯料向凹模內(nèi)流動應(yīng)沒有突變。不均勻的塑性流動會導(dǎo)致凹模圓角部分局部磨損過大而減少整個凹模的壽命。生產(chǎn)中拉深圓筒件的凹模壽命比拉深盒形件(非軸對稱件)的凹模壽命高，水性油墨就是因為拉深非

12、軸對稱件時，材料向凹模圓角內(nèi)流動不均勻，導(dǎo)致局部磨損過大。為保證壓邊面材料向凹模內(nèi)流動的均勻性，可采取以下措施：In deep drawing process, blank holder surface electrodes in the adjacent area to flow into the die should be no mutations. Uneven plastic flow leads to die the rounded part of the local excessive wear and reduce the die life. Deep drawing of cy

13、linder parts in the production of the die life of deep box (non axisymmetric parts) of long service life of the die, it is just because of the deep drawing of axisymmetric parts, the material flow within the die corner are uneven, cause partial wear is too large. In order to ensure the blank holder

14、surface uniformity of material to flow into the die, can take the following measures: a.改變凹模圓角半徑。覆蓋件拉深，其整個凹模的圓角半徑各處是不同的，應(yīng)根據(jù)拉深件的形狀作合理設(shè)計。在壓邊面坯料容易流入凹模處的凹模圓角半徑應(yīng)小于壓邊面坯料難于流入凹模處的凹模圓角半徑。礦用風(fēng)機(jī)不同的凹模圓角半徑也可以通過模具試沖時得到。A. change the die fillet radius. Covering parts, deep drawing, the radius of concave die is diff

15、erent everywhere, the reasonable design should be done according to the shape of the deep drawing parts. On the blank holder surface billet is easy to flow into the die radius should be less than the pressure of the die edge surface of the billet is difficult to flow into the die radius of concave d

16、ie. Different radius of concave die can also through the mold try when rushing to get. b.壓邊面上布置拉深筋。布置和調(diào)整拉深筋是最有效的控制壓邊面坯料向凹模內(nèi)流動的方法?？裳乩罴苓叢贾靡蝗φ?。在直邊處和內(nèi)凹曲邊處布置短筋，使這部分壓邊面材料向凹模內(nèi)流動減慢。B. blank-holder surface drawbead layout. Drawbead arrangement and blank holder face is the most effective control method of

17、blank to flow into the die. But along the deep drawing pieces decorate a circle surrounding the whole bar. In the straight edge and concave curved edge in short muscle, make this part of the blank holder surface material to flow into the die. (2)拉深過程中坯料沿凸模表面產(chǎn)生相對竄動，而使凸模表面磨損。(2) in the process of deep

18、 drawing billet relative channeling move along the surface of the punch, and make the punch surface wear. 坯料沿凸模表面產(chǎn)生相對凸模的竄動是拉深成形不需要的，應(yīng)避免產(chǎn)生。拉深過程中，坯料應(yīng)緊貼在凸模表面隨凸模一同運(yùn)動。產(chǎn)生這種竄動的原因是坯料壓邊面相對部分向凹模內(nèi)進(jìn)料速度不一致。拉深件設(shè)計時，可采取以下措施來避免坯料相對凸模竄動：Billet along the surface of the punch to punch up move is relative to deep drawin

19、g dont need, should avoid to produce. Deep drawing process, blank should be close to in the punch surface movement with punch. Produce this channeling dynamic blank blank holder face is the cause of the relative parts to die within the feed speed is inconsistent. When deep drawing a design, can take

20、 the following measures to avoid the billet relative punch up move: 1)壓邊面設(shè)計應(yīng)使拉深凸模頂部與坯料大面積接觸，為此拉深件壓邊面設(shè)計應(yīng)平行拉深件的底部(圖5)。1) the blank holder surface design should make deep drawing punch at the top of the contact with the blank area, therefore deep drawing press edge parallel to the plane design should b

21、e the bottom of the deep drawing parts (figure 5). 2.模具拉傷2. Mold strain 鋅基合金模具工作面容易拉傷產(chǎn)生拉痕，這是因為合金材料僅表面有一層硬層，一旦表面某部分硬層磨損內(nèi)部較軟材料暴露出來，磨損將加劇形成拉痕。這種情況產(chǎn)生在拉深過程中壓邊面坯料起皺的地方。因此，鋅基合金模具拉深防皺是很重要的。在拉深件設(shè)計時，可采取以下措施防止模具工作面拉傷：Zinc base alloy die face easier to produce strain marks, and this is because the metal materia

22、l surface has a layer of hard layer only, once a part surface hardened layer wear exposed internal soft materials, the wear will aggravate form mark. This kind of situation to produce blank wrinkling on surface of the deep drawing process of medium voltage side. Therefore, zinc base alloy die drawin

23、g blank is very important. When deep drawing a design, can take the following measures to prevent the mold working strain: (1)壓邊面設(shè)計應(yīng)平滑。覆蓋件拉深其壓邊面多數(shù)為曲面形狀，壓邊面由壓邊圈壓緊在凹模壓邊面上不應(yīng)形成皺紋和折痕，各部分應(yīng)平滑過渡。(1) the blank holder surface design should be smooth. Covering parts deep drawing the blank holder surface to surface shape, the blank holder surface by the blank holder pressure at the edge of the