校園英語(yǔ)情景對(duì)話：牛頓的蘋(píng)果樹(shù)

1、校園英語(yǔ)情景對(duì)話：牛頓的蘋(píng)果樹(shù) h：作為一位數(shù)學(xué)家和物理學(xué)家，艾薩克?牛頓爵士是有史以來(lái)最著名的科學(xué)家之一。 r:i cant agree with you more. and newton remains influential to scientists, as demonstrated by a 2005 survey of members of britains royal society. r：我非常同意你的觀點(diǎn)。2005年對(duì)英國(guó)皇家學(xué)會(huì)的調(diào)査顯示，牛頓仍然對(duì)現(xiàn)在的 科學(xué)家有一定的影響。 h:newtons study lays the groundwork for most of

2、classical mechanics.in one of his books, newton described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion which dominated the physical world for the next three centuries. h:牛頓的研究為經(jīng)典力學(xué)的大部分內(nèi)容打下了基礎(chǔ)。在他的一本書(shū)中，牛頓描述了萬(wàn)有引力和三大運(yùn)動(dòng) 定律，主宰了接下來(lái)三個(gè)世紀(jì)的物理世界。 r:speaking of the universal gravitation, do you know how ne

3、wton comes up with this law? r：說(shuō)到萬(wàn)有引力，你知道牛頓是怎么想到這個(gè)定律的 嗎? h:of course. newton himself often told the story that he was inspired to formulate his theory of gravitation by watching the fall of an apple from a tree. h:我當(dāng)然知道。牛頓自己就經(jīng)常說(shuō)他是看到蘋(píng)果從樹(shù) 上落下受到啟發(fā)而構(gòu)想出萬(wàn)有引力定律的。 r： cartoons have gone further to suggest th

4、e apple actually hit newtons head, and that its impact somehow made him aware of the force of gravity. r:漫畫(huà)還更夸張地暗示那個(gè)蘋(píng)果其實(shí)是掉在牛頓的頭 上，被蘋(píng)果砸到的牛頓開(kāi)始注意到萬(wàn)有引力的存在。 h： it is known from his notebooks that he was grappling in the late 1660s with the idea of terrestrial gravity. however it took him two decades to d

5、evelop the full-fledged theory. h:從牛頓的筆記中我們知道他是在17世紀(jì)60年代晚期提出地球重力”這個(gè)概念 的，但是他花了 20多年時(shí)間才構(gòu)建出一個(gè)成熟、全面的理論體系。 r: in the year 1666 newton retired again from cambridge to his hometown in woolsthorpe, lincolnshire. observing a fully formed apple drop from the tree prompted newton to ask the vital questions. r:

6、 1666年，牛頓再次從劍橋大學(xué)退休”回到他的家鄉(xiāng)：林肯郡伍爾索坡。觀察到 一個(gè)成熟的蘋(píng)果從樹(shù)上落下，牛頓心中疑惑重重。 h： i heard that newton asked himself; “why should that apple always descend perpendicularly to the ground? why should it not go sideways or upwards, but constantly to the earths centre?， h:我聽(tīng)說(shuō)牛頓自問(wèn)道為什么蘋(píng)果會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)垂直地落到地上呢?它為什么不斜向一邊 或是往上竄，而是朝著地心的方向

7、墜落呢? r： in the popular myth we all grew up with, newton was hit on the head by the apple, its impact suggestively knocking a moment of enlightened inspiration into him. r：在我們從小聽(tīng)到大的傳說(shuō)中，牛頓被蘋(píng)果砸到，受到了極大的啟發(fā)。 h: john conduitt, newtons assistant at the royal mint and husband of newtons niece, described the

8、event when he wrote about newtons life. h:約翰?孔杜伊特是牛頓在皇家鑄幣廠的助手，同時(shí)也是牛頓外甥女的丈夫。當(dāng)他 描述牛頓的生活時(shí)，提到了這一事件。 r： john conduitfs version is different from those stories we heard, right? r:約翰?孔杜伊特的版本和我們聽(tīng)到的那些故事不同，對(duì)嗎? h: yes. according to conduitt, newton was pensively meandering in a garden and it came into his thou

9、ght that the power of gravity was not limited to a certain distance from earth, but that this power must extend much further than was usually thought. h:是的。根據(jù)孔杜伊特的描述，牛頓悶悶不樂(lè)地在花園里散步，他突然想到引力的 作用并不是局限在一定的距離之內(nèi)的，它的作用肯定比之前人們認(rèn)為的要大。 r： although there are many versions, the apple tree at newtons home became w

10、ell-known around the world. r：雖然有很多不同的版本，但牛頓家鄉(xiāng)的蘋(píng)果樹(shù)已經(jīng)聞名于世了。 h: its true. and in the back garden of the isaac newton institute for mathematical sciences in cambridge is an apple tree. there is another in the university botanic gardens. h:的確如此。在劍橋大學(xué)艾薩克?牛頓數(shù)學(xué)硏究所的后花園就有一棵蘋(píng)果樹(shù)，另外在劍橋大學(xué)植物園也有一棵。 r: each is said

11、 to be a descendant of the apple tree at woolsthorpe manor that inspired the founder of modem physics to inquire into the nature of gravitation and the laws of motion. r:正是受到位于家鄉(xiāng)的伍爾索坡莊園的一棵蘋(píng)果樹(shù)啟發(fā)，現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)之父牛頓開(kāi)始 對(duì)萬(wàn)有弓i力的本質(zhì)和運(yùn)動(dòng)三大定律進(jìn)行探索研究。據(jù)說(shuō)劍橋的兩棵蘋(píng)果樹(shù)之一就 是那棵蘋(píng)果樹(shù)的后代。 h: but some people said that a descendant of the original tree can be seen growing outside the main gate of trinity college, cambridge, below the room newton lived in when he studied there. h:但是有些人說(shuō)那棵蘋(píng)果樹(shù)的后代長(zhǎng)在劍橋大學(xué)三一學(xué)院的主門(mén)外，上方就是牛頓 當(dāng)時(shí)住的房間。 r